📌 Fact record — rabbis and the founding of Israel (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: the vast majority of rabbis before 1948 opposed the State because it rested on an ethnic claim of Jewish superiority.
What the record shows:
• Israel's Declaration of Independence (14 May 1948) was signed by Rabbi Yitzhak-Meir Levin, leader of the ultra-Orthodox Agudat Yisrael, and by Rabbi Yehuda Leib Maimon of the religious-Zionist Mizrachi movement (founded 1902).
• Religious opposition to political Zionism rested mainly on theology — the "Three Oaths" of Talmud Ketubot 111a against forcing the redemption — not on a claim of ethnic superiority.
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yitzhak-Meir_Levin
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_Declaration_of_Independence
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Ketubot.111a
Claim heard: the vast majority of rabbis before 1948 opposed the State because it rested on an ethnic claim of Jewish superiority.
What the record shows:
• Israel's Declaration of Independence (14 May 1948) was signed by Rabbi Yitzhak-Meir Levin, leader of the ultra-Orthodox Agudat Yisrael, and by Rabbi Yehuda Leib Maimon of the religious-Zionist Mizrachi movement (founded 1902).
• Religious opposition to political Zionism rested mainly on theology — the "Three Oaths" of Talmud Ketubot 111a against forcing the redemption — not on a claim of ethnic superiority.
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yitzhak-Meir_Levin
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israeli_Declaration_of_Independence
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Ketubot.111a
📌 Fact record — the Quran on the Children of Israel (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Raised by the host: the Quran itself says God favoured the Children of Israel.
The verses:
• Quran 2:47: "O Children of Israel, remember My favour which I bestowed upon you and that I preferred you over the worlds."
• Quran 5:21 (Moses speaking): "O my people, enter the Holy Land which Allah has assigned (kataba) to you."
🔗 https://quran.com/2/47
🔗 https://quran.com/5/21
Raised by the host: the Quran itself says God favoured the Children of Israel.
The verses:
• Quran 2:47: "O Children of Israel, remember My favour which I bestowed upon you and that I preferred you over the worlds."
• Quran 5:21 (Moses speaking): "O my people, enter the Holy Land which Allah has assigned (kataba) to you."
🔗 https://quran.com/2/47
🔗 https://quran.com/5/21
📌 Fact record — what "antisemitism" means (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: "I'm a Semite as well," as if antisemitism covers anyone of Semitic background.
The record:
• The word "antisemitism" (Antisemitismus) was popularised in 1879 by the German agitator Wilhelm Marr, who founded the League of Antisemites; from the start it meant hostility to Jews specifically, not to speakers of Semitic languages.
🔗 https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/antisemitism
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Marr
Claim heard: "I'm a Semite as well," as if antisemitism covers anyone of Semitic background.
The record:
• The word "antisemitism" (Antisemitismus) was popularised in 1879 by the German agitator Wilhelm Marr, who founded the League of Antisemites; from the start it meant hostility to Jews specifically, not to speakers of Semitic languages.
🔗 https://encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/antisemitism
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Marr
📌 Fact record — is the covenant eternal? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Point made on the panel: God's covenant with Israel is eternal.
The text:
• Genesis 17:7: "I will establish My covenant between Me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations, as an everlasting covenant (brit olam)."
• Chat cited Numbers 23:19: "God is not a man, that He should lie… Has He said, and will He not do it?"
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Genesis.17.7
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.23.19
Point made on the panel: God's covenant with Israel is eternal.
The text:
• Genesis 17:7: "I will establish My covenant between Me and you and your offspring after you throughout their generations, as an everlasting covenant (brit olam)."
• Chat cited Numbers 23:19: "God is not a man, that He should lie… Has He said, and will He not do it?"
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Genesis.17.7
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.23.19
📌 Fact record — majority rule and the age of the Talmud (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Points raised: Jewish law follows the majority; and "the Talmud is younger than Christianity."
The record:
• Talmud, Bava Metzia 59b (the Oven of Akhnai), reading Exodus 23:2 ("incline after the majority"): the sages rule by majority even against a heavenly voice — "it is not in heaven."
• The Talmud was compiled c. 200-500 CE (Mishnah c. 200, Babylonian Talmud c. 500), but the oral tradition it records is older: Mark 7:3-5 already describes "the tradition of the elders" in Jesus' day.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Bava_Metzia.59b
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Exodus.23.2
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talmud
Points raised: Jewish law follows the majority; and "the Talmud is younger than Christianity."
The record:
• Talmud, Bava Metzia 59b (the Oven of Akhnai), reading Exodus 23:2 ("incline after the majority"): the sages rule by majority even against a heavenly voice — "it is not in heaven."
• The Talmud was compiled c. 200-500 CE (Mishnah c. 200, Babylonian Talmud c. 500), but the oral tradition it records is older: Mark 7:3-5 already describes "the tradition of the elders" in Jesus' day.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Bava_Metzia.59b
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Exodus.23.2
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talmud
📌 Fact record — how Jewish law identifies the Messiah (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Point made on the panel: in Judaism the Messiah is known only by signs, not named in advance.
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 11:4: a king from David's line who leads Israel in Torah may be presumed the Messiah; if he succeeds — builds the Temple in its place and gathers the dispersed of Israel — he is certainly the Messiah; if he does not succeed or is killed, he is not.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
Point made on the panel: in Judaism the Messiah is known only by signs, not named in advance.
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 11:4: a king from David's line who leads Israel in Torah may be presumed the Messiah; if he succeeds — builds the Temple in its place and gathers the dispersed of Israel — he is certainly the Messiah; if he does not succeed or is killed, he is not.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
📌 Fact record — were the "mixed multitude" all called Israel? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: the mixed multitude that left Egypt (Exodus 12:38) was soon called Israel along with everyone else, so being Israel has nothing to do with descent.
The texts:
• Numbers 11:4: "the rabble (asafsuf) that was among them had a strong craving, and the people of Israel also wept again" — the Torah names the two groups separately.
• Rashi on Exodus 32:7 ("your people… have corrupted themselves"): reads "your people" as the mixed multitude, who made the golden calf — again distinguished from Israel.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Exodus.12.38
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.11.4
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Rashi_on_Exodus.32.7
Claim heard: the mixed multitude that left Egypt (Exodus 12:38) was soon called Israel along with everyone else, so being Israel has nothing to do with descent.
The texts:
• Numbers 11:4: "the rabble (asafsuf) that was among them had a strong craving, and the people of Israel also wept again" — the Torah names the two groups separately.
• Rashi on Exodus 32:7 ("your people… have corrupted themselves"): reads "your people" as the mixed multitude, who made the golden calf — again distinguished from Israel.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Exodus.12.38
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.11.4
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Rashi_on_Exodus.32.7
📌 Fact record — "Israel has no Messiah" in the Talmud (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Cited on the panel: a Talmudic sage who said there is no Messiah.
The source:
• Talmud, Sanhedrin 98b-99a: Rabbi Hillel (not the famous Hillel the Elder) said, "There is no Messiah for Israel, for they already enjoyed him in the days of Hezekiah." Rav Yosef responds: "May his Master forgive Rabbi Hillel," and brings verses showing a future redeemer — the Talmud records the view in order to reject it.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Sanhedrin.99a
Cited on the panel: a Talmudic sage who said there is no Messiah.
The source:
• Talmud, Sanhedrin 98b-99a: Rabbi Hillel (not the famous Hillel the Elder) said, "There is no Messiah for Israel, for they already enjoyed him in the days of Hezekiah." Rav Yosef responds: "May his Master forgive Rabbi Hillel," and brings verses showing a future redeemer — the Talmud records the view in order to reject it.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Sanhedrin.99a
📌 Fact record — Maimonides on Jesus as Messiah (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: believing Jesus is the Messiah is not heretical in Judaism.
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 11:4 (the uncensored text, removed from many printed editions by Christian censors): Jesus, "who imagined that he was the Messiah," did not meet the criteria; he "caused Israel to be destroyed by the sword… and to alter the Torah." Maimonides' test: a Messiah who fails or is killed is not the Messiah.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
🔗 https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/1188356/jewish/Melachim-uMilchamot-Chapter-11.htm
Claim heard: believing Jesus is the Messiah is not heretical in Judaism.
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 11:4 (the uncensored text, removed from many printed editions by Christian censors): Jesus, "who imagined that he was the Messiah," did not meet the criteria; he "caused Israel to be destroyed by the sword… and to alter the Torah." Maimonides' test: a Messiah who fails or is killed is not the Messiah.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
🔗 https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/1188356/jewish/Melachim-uMilchamot-Chapter-11.htm
📌 Fact record — does Judaism regulate belief? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: Judaism governs actions, not beliefs; creeds never made sense to Jews.
The sources:
• Mishnah Sanhedrin 10:1: "These have no share in the World to Come: one who says resurrection of the dead is not from the Torah, [one who says] the Torah is not from Heaven, and an apikoros" — the Mishnah itself names beliefs.
• Maimonides set out the Thirteen Principles of Faith in his commentary on that very chapter (Perek Chelek).
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Sanhedrin.10.1
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maimonides%27_13_principles_of_faith
Claim heard: Judaism governs actions, not beliefs; creeds never made sense to Jews.
The sources:
• Mishnah Sanhedrin 10:1: "These have no share in the World to Come: one who says resurrection of the dead is not from the Torah, [one who says] the Torah is not from Heaven, and an apikoros" — the Mishnah itself names beliefs.
• Maimonides set out the Thirteen Principles of Faith in his commentary on that very chapter (Perek Chelek).
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishnah_Sanhedrin.10.1
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maimonides%27_13_principles_of_faith
📌 Fact record — does Rome appear in biblical prophecy? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: Rome doesn't appear in any prophetic statement.
The sources:
• Numbers 24:24 (Balaam's prophecy): "ships shall come from Kittim and shall afflict Ashur." Targum Onkelos, the classical Aramaic translation, renders Kittim as the Romans (Romaei).
• Daniel 11:30, "ships of Kittim," is likewise read in Jewish tradition as Rome.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.24.24
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Onkelos_Numbers.24.24
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Daniel.11.30
Claim heard: Rome doesn't appear in any prophetic statement.
The sources:
• Numbers 24:24 (Balaam's prophecy): "ships shall come from Kittim and shall afflict Ashur." Targum Onkelos, the classical Aramaic translation, renders Kittim as the Romans (Romaei).
• Daniel 11:30, "ships of Kittim," is likewise read in Jewish tradition as Rome.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Numbers.24.24
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Onkelos_Numbers.24.24
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Daniel.11.30
📌 Fact record — Messianic Jews and Jewish status (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Question in chat: aren't there Messianic Jews?
The record:
• Israel's Supreme Court, Beresford v. Minister of the Interior (1989): Jews who believe Jesus is the Messiah belong to "another religion" and are not eligible to immigrate as Jews under the Law of Return (sec. 4B). The position was reaffirmed in later rulings.
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Return
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messianic_Judaism
Question in chat: aren't there Messianic Jews?
The record:
• Israel's Supreme Court, Beresford v. Minister of the Interior (1989): Jews who believe Jesus is the Messiah belong to "another religion" and are not eligible to immigrate as Jews under the Law of Return (sec. 4B). The position was reaffirmed in later rulings.
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_Return
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messianic_Judaism
📌 Fact record — does conversion involve belief? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard: neither Jewish law nor Maimonides sets any belief requirement for conversion (e.g. about who the Messiah is).
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Forbidden Relations (Issurei Biah) 14:2: before conversion the candidate is taught "the fundamentals of the faith — the unity of God and the prohibition of idolatry" — and these are explained at length.
• Laws of Kings 11:4 (uncensored) states that Jesus was not the Messiah.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Forbidden_Intercourse.14.2
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
Claim heard: neither Jewish law nor Maimonides sets any belief requirement for conversion (e.g. about who the Messiah is).
The source:
• Maimonides, Mishneh Torah, Laws of Forbidden Relations (Issurei Biah) 14:2: before conversion the candidate is taught "the fundamentals of the faith — the unity of God and the prohibition of idolatry" — and these are explained at length.
• Laws of Kings 11:4 (uncensored) states that Jesus was not the Messiah.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Forbidden_Intercourse.14.2
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.4
📌 Fact record — Bar Kokhba and Shabbetai Tzvi as "messiahs" (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Point raised: Bar Kokhba and Shabbetai Tzvi weren't of David's line yet were hailed as Messiah, so no belief rule applies.
The record:
• Maimonides, Laws of Kings 11:3: Rabbi Akiva thought Bar Koziba (Bar Kokhba) was the king-Messiah; "once he was killed, they knew that he was not" — the failure itself settled it, as in Maimonides' test (11:4).
• Shabbetai Tzvi, proclaimed Messiah in 1665, converted to Islam in September 1666 under threat from the Ottoman sultan; the movement collapsed and was opposed by much of the rabbinic leadership.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.3
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabbatai_Zevi
Point raised: Bar Kokhba and Shabbetai Tzvi weren't of David's line yet were hailed as Messiah, so no belief rule applies.
The record:
• Maimonides, Laws of Kings 11:3: Rabbi Akiva thought Bar Koziba (Bar Kokhba) was the king-Messiah; "once he was killed, they knew that he was not" — the failure itself settled it, as in Maimonides' test (11:4).
• Shabbetai Tzvi, proclaimed Messiah in 1665, converted to Islam in September 1666 under threat from the Ottoman sultan; the movement collapsed and was opposed by much of the rabbinic leadership.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Kings_and_Wars.11.3
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabbatai_Zevi
🤠 Truth Sheriff now has a home: truthsheriff.com
Everything in one place:
📎 This channel: every fact-check with its sources
▶ YouTube: @TruthSheriff (first Shorts tonight)
🔴 Live on TikTok: @justmeagainow · @justmeagainow0 · @justmeagainow1
📖 Long reads on Substack
🔗 https://truthsheriff.com
🔗 https://www.youtube.com/@TruthSheriff
Everything in one place:
📎 This channel: every fact-check with its sources
▶ YouTube: @TruthSheriff (first Shorts tonight)
🔴 Live on TikTok: @justmeagainow · @justmeagainow0 · @justmeagainow1
📖 Long reads on Substack
🔗 https://truthsheriff.com
🔗 https://www.youtube.com/@TruthSheriff
📌 Fact record — prophets and a later prophet (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claims heard: the Talmud speaks of hundreds of thousands of prophets; a Muslim who merely believes Muhammad is a prophet could still be a "kosher Jew."
The sources:
• Talmud, Megillah 14a: many prophets arose for Israel — "double the number of those who left Egypt" — but only those whose prophecy was needed for all generations were written down: 48 prophets and 7 prophetesses.
• Maimonides' Thirteen Principles (Commentary on Mishnah Sanhedrin 10): the 9th principle holds that the Torah will not be replaced or abrogated — so belief in a later revelation that supersedes it conflicts with this principle.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Megillah.14a
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maimonides%27_13_principles_of_faith
Claims heard: the Talmud speaks of hundreds of thousands of prophets; a Muslim who merely believes Muhammad is a prophet could still be a "kosher Jew."
The sources:
• Talmud, Megillah 14a: many prophets arose for Israel — "double the number of those who left Egypt" — but only those whose prophecy was needed for all generations were written down: 48 prophets and 7 prophetesses.
• Maimonides' Thirteen Principles (Commentary on Mishnah Sanhedrin 10): the 9th principle holds that the Torah will not be replaced or abrogated — so belief in a later revelation that supersedes it conflicts with this principle.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Megillah.14a
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maimonides%27_13_principles_of_faith
📌 Fact record — Israel's special status before the 13th century (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claim heard (again): no notion of a special Jewish status or soul existed before the 13th century.
The sources:
• Mishnah, Pirkei Avot 3:14 (Rabbi Akiva, 2nd century): "Beloved is the human, created in the image of God… Beloved are Israel, for they are called children of the Omnipresent" — universal dignity and a particular bond, side by side.
• Rabbi Yehuda Halevi, Kuzari (c. 1140): the Jewish people carry a particular "divine faculty."
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Pirkei_Avot.3.14
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzari
Claim heard (again): no notion of a special Jewish status or soul existed before the 13th century.
The sources:
• Mishnah, Pirkei Avot 3:14 (Rabbi Akiva, 2nd century): "Beloved is the human, created in the image of God… Beloved are Israel, for they are called children of the Omnipresent" — universal dignity and a particular bond, side by side.
• Rabbi Yehuda Halevi, Kuzari (c. 1140): the Jewish people carry a particular "divine faculty."
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Pirkei_Avot.3.14
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzari
📌 Fact record — do righteous non-Jews have a share in the World to Come? (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Cited on the panel: Rabbi Eliezer's view that non-Jews have no share in the World to Come.
The source:
• Tosefta Sanhedrin 13:2: Rabbi Eliezer says no gentile has a share; Rabbi Yehoshua answers that the righteous among the nations do. Maimonides (Laws of Kings 8:11; Laws of Repentance 3:5) rules like Rabbi Yehoshua.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Tosefta_Sanhedrin.13.2
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Repentance.3.5
Cited on the panel: Rabbi Eliezer's view that non-Jews have no share in the World to Come.
The source:
• Tosefta Sanhedrin 13:2: Rabbi Eliezer says no gentile has a share; Rabbi Yehoshua answers that the righteous among the nations do. Maimonides (Laws of Kings 8:11; Laws of Repentance 3:5) rules like Rabbi Yehoshua.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Tosefta_Sanhedrin.13.2
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Repentance.3.5
📌 Fact record — "2,800 slaves" and "Israel wants Egypt" (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Claims in chat: Jews expect 2,800 slaves each; Israel's map claims Egypt and Somalia.
The record:
• The figure in Talmud Shabbat 32b is derived from Zechariah 8:23: "Ten men from all the languages of the nations shall take hold of the robe of a Jew, saying, 'Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you'" — a picture of nations seeking to learn (10 × 70 nations × 4 corners = 2,800).
• Israel claims no territory in Egypt or Somalia. Under the 1979 Egypt-Israel peace treaty, Israel withdrew from the entire Sinai Peninsula, completed on 25 April 1982.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Zechariah.8.23
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Shabbat.32b
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty
Claims in chat: Jews expect 2,800 slaves each; Israel's map claims Egypt and Somalia.
The record:
• The figure in Talmud Shabbat 32b is derived from Zechariah 8:23: "Ten men from all the languages of the nations shall take hold of the robe of a Jew, saying, 'Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you'" — a picture of nations seeking to learn (10 × 70 nations × 4 corners = 2,800).
• Israel claims no territory in Egypt or Somalia. Under the 1979 Egypt-Israel peace treaty, Israel withdrew from the entire Sinai Peninsula, completed on 25 April 1982.
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Zechariah.8.23
🔗 https://www.sefaria.org/Shabbat.32b
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty
📌 Fact record — Ethiopian Jews in Israel (Qumayo's room, 25 Oct)
Questions in chat: "Why were the Ethiopians sterilized?" and "Can Black people be Jewish?"
The record:
• The 2012-13 allegation concerned Depo-Provera, a contraceptive injection, not sterilization. Israel's Health Ministry denied a policy but in 2013 told HMOs not to give the shot without full understanding of side effects, and an official acknowledged many women had not understood it. State Comptroller Yosef Shapira's review (published 2016) found no evidence that the immigrants were pressured or that HMOs were instructed to give the injection; questions remained about the period before immigration.
• Operation Moses (1984) and Operation Solomon (May 1991): Israel airlifted Ethiopian Jews; in Solomon alone, 14,325 people in about 36 hours.
🔗 https://population.org.il/en/the-comptroller-determined-that-shots-were-not-imposed-on-immigrants-from-ethiopia/
🔗 https://www.timesofisrael.com/ethiopian-birth-control-revelations-ignite-debate/
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Solomon
Questions in chat: "Why were the Ethiopians sterilized?" and "Can Black people be Jewish?"
The record:
• The 2012-13 allegation concerned Depo-Provera, a contraceptive injection, not sterilization. Israel's Health Ministry denied a policy but in 2013 told HMOs not to give the shot without full understanding of side effects, and an official acknowledged many women had not understood it. State Comptroller Yosef Shapira's review (published 2016) found no evidence that the immigrants were pressured or that HMOs were instructed to give the injection; questions remained about the period before immigration.
• Operation Moses (1984) and Operation Solomon (May 1991): Israel airlifted Ethiopian Jews; in Solomon alone, 14,325 people in about 36 hours.
🔗 https://population.org.il/en/the-comptroller-determined-that-shots-were-not-imposed-on-immigrants-from-ethiopia/
🔗 https://www.timesofisrael.com/ethiopian-birth-control-revelations-ignite-debate/
🔗 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Solomon