Evaluating the Impact of Foreign Exchange Restrictions on Economic Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Select Developing and Emerging Economies
BRICS Journal of Economics 7(1): 129-153
DOI: 10.3897/brics-econ.7.e135199
Authors: Tryson Yangailo
Abstract: This study examines the impact of foreign exchange restrictions on economic stability and growth in developing countries with varying degrees of currency controls, including Zambia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, South Africa, and Tanzania. The research focuses on how these restrictions affect key macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth,... Read more »
BRICS Journal of Economics 7(1): 129-153
DOI: 10.3897/brics-econ.7.e135199
Authors: Tryson Yangailo
Abstract: This study examines the impact of foreign exchange restrictions on economic stability and growth in developing countries with varying degrees of currency controls, including Zambia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, South Africa, and Tanzania. The research focuses on how these restrictions affect key macroeconomic indicators such as GDP growth,... Read more »
BRICS Journal of Economics
Evaluating the Impact of Foreign Exchange Restrictions on Economic Performance: A Comparative Analysis of Select Developing and…
This study examines the impact of foreign exchange restrictions on economic stability and growth in developing countries with varying degrees of currency controls, including Zambia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ghana, India, Indonesia, Nigeria, South Africa,…
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Forget bulky exoskeletons. Researchers have come up with something that basically turns a human into a four-legged load carrier
Engineers from China’s SUSTech built a wearable robot nicknamed the ‘Centaur’. Instead of strapping rigid mechanical supports to your legs, the device adds two robotic limbs behind the user
The extra legs connect to a backpack-style frame through an elastic coupling and handle much of the vertical load while the person walks
Tests showed the setup cut the metabolic cost of walking by about 35% while carrying a 20-kilogram load. Foot pressure also dropped by roughly 52%
In short, the robot does a chunk of the heavy lifting while the human keeps moving
#centaur #centaurrobot #ChenglongFu
Engineers from China’s SUSTech built a wearable robot nicknamed the ‘Centaur’. Instead of strapping rigid mechanical supports to your legs, the device adds two robotic limbs behind the user
The extra legs connect to a backpack-style frame through an elastic coupling and handle much of the vertical load while the person walks
Tests showed the setup cut the metabolic cost of walking by about 35% while carrying a 20-kilogram load. Foot pressure also dropped by roughly 52%
In short, the robot does a chunk of the heavy lifting while the human keeps moving
#centaur #centaurrobot #ChenglongFu
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The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?”
The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?”, which will be held on March 18th at 5...
O post The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?” apareceu primeiro em
The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?”, which will be held on March 18th at 5...
O post The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?” apareceu primeiro em
brq
The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?” - brq
The BRICS Policy Center/PUC-Rio invites you to the debate “War against Iran: and what does it have to do with BRICS?”, which will be held on March 18th at 5...
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🇺🇸 PENTAGON GUTTED CIVILIAN WATCHDOGS BEFORE IRAN SCHOOL STRIKE – POLITICO 🇺🇸
The US eliminated the offices designed to prevent civilian casualties—just before killing 168 schoolgirls.
The cuts:
📉 Civilian protection staff: 200 → fewer than 40
📉 CENTCOM civilian harm team: 10 → 1
Hegseth's rationale? These units didn't contribute to "lethality."
The strike:
📍 Minab, Iran: Shajareh Tayyebeh elementary school
💔 168 girls aged 7-12 killed—deadliest single incident of the war
🎯 Geolocated footage shows US Tomahawk missile hit near school
The cover-up:
Hegseth: "Open source isn't the place to determine what happened."
Trump: "Iran has Tomahawks too" (despite US being sole operator).
The question: When you eliminate the offices tracking civilian casualties, do they stop—or just stop being counted?
#Minab #Iran #US #WarCrimes #Accountability
The US eliminated the offices designed to prevent civilian casualties—just before killing 168 schoolgirls.
The cuts:
📉 Civilian protection staff: 200 → fewer than 40
📉 CENTCOM civilian harm team: 10 → 1
Hegseth's rationale? These units didn't contribute to "lethality."
The strike:
📍 Minab, Iran: Shajareh Tayyebeh elementary school
💔 168 girls aged 7-12 killed—deadliest single incident of the war
🎯 Geolocated footage shows US Tomahawk missile hit near school
The cover-up:
Hegseth: "Open source isn't the place to determine what happened."
Trump: "Iran has Tomahawks too" (despite US being sole operator).
The question: When you eliminate the offices tracking civilian casualties, do they stop—or just stop being counted?
#Minab #Iran #US #WarCrimes #Accountability
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Kim and daughter watch the latest North Korean cruise missile test
While the world is watching Iran, North Korea is showing strength
While the world is watching Iran, North Korea is showing strength
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🔥 THE WAR YOU'RE WATCHING VS. THE WAR CHINA IS WINNING 🔥
Washington bombs Iran. Beijing just dropped its 15th Multi-Year Program—141 pages mapping hegemony for the next 15 years. The world isn't paying attention.
What China is actually doing:
🤖 AI everywhere – 70% of GDP integrated with AI by 2027, 90% by 2030. AI as basic infrastructure.
🦾 Robotics revolution – Anthropomorphic robotics to double production in five years
🔮 Futuristic vectors – Quantum satellites, fusion energy, human-machine neuro-links
💰 The target – AI sector: $1.38 trillion
The mineral stranglehold:
China processes 90% of global rare minerals. Every F-35, every Patriot depends on Chinese smelters.
The irony:
US countermeasure? CHIPS Act – a mere $52.7 billion for semiconductors.
The question: Who's really winning—the one setting the world on fire, or the one controlling the fuel?
Read the Full analysis here: https://thinkbrics.substack.com/p/lets-set-the-world-on-fire-with-the
#China #US #AI #Geopolitics #BRICS
Washington bombs Iran. Beijing just dropped its 15th Multi-Year Program—141 pages mapping hegemony for the next 15 years. The world isn't paying attention.
What China is actually doing:
🤖 AI everywhere – 70% of GDP integrated with AI by 2027, 90% by 2030. AI as basic infrastructure.
🦾 Robotics revolution – Anthropomorphic robotics to double production in five years
🔮 Futuristic vectors – Quantum satellites, fusion energy, human-machine neuro-links
💰 The target – AI sector: $1.38 trillion
The mineral stranglehold:
China processes 90% of global rare minerals. Every F-35, every Patriot depends on Chinese smelters.
The irony:
US countermeasure? CHIPS Act – a mere $52.7 billion for semiconductors.
The question: Who's really winning—the one setting the world on fire, or the one controlling the fuel?
Read the Full analysis here: https://thinkbrics.substack.com/p/lets-set-the-world-on-fire-with-the
#China #US #AI #Geopolitics #BRICS
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🇮🇳 INDIA OPENS DOOR TO CHINESE INVESTMENT: Major Policy Shift 🇨🇳🇮🇳
New Delhi just rewrote the rules: economic pragmatism is back.
Modi government eases FDI norms for neighboring countries, including China—the biggest shift since 2020.
What changed:
📜 2020 policy: Required government approval for Chinese-linked investments
🔄 New rules: Streamlined process, decisions within 60 days
Why it matters:
🏭 Boosts electronics, solar, capital goods manufacturing
🔧 Access to technology
🌐 Indian integration with global supply chains
The numbers:
📊 Trade (Apr 2025–Jan 2026):
- India exports to China: $15.88B (+38%)
- Imports: $108.18B (+14%)
- Deficit: $92.3B
The pragmatism: Despite tensions, despite deficit—India chooses economics over ideology. Chinese investment, Indian control.
That's sovereignty.
#India #China #FDI #Trade #BRICS #StrategicAutonomy
New Delhi just rewrote the rules: economic pragmatism is back.
Modi government eases FDI norms for neighboring countries, including China—the biggest shift since 2020.
What changed:
📜 2020 policy: Required government approval for Chinese-linked investments
🔄 New rules: Streamlined process, decisions within 60 days
Why it matters:
🏭 Boosts electronics, solar, capital goods manufacturing
🔧 Access to technology
🌐 Indian integration with global supply chains
The numbers:
📊 Trade (Apr 2025–Jan 2026):
- India exports to China: $15.88B (+38%)
- Imports: $108.18B (+14%)
- Deficit: $92.3B
The pragmatism: Despite tensions, despite deficit—India chooses economics over ideology. Chinese investment, Indian control.
That's sovereignty.
#India #China #FDI #Trade #BRICS #StrategicAutonomy
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Moment when Israel's Iron Dome system FAILS to intercept Iranian missile
Striking Tel Aviv
Striking Tel Aviv
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🇺🇸 NEW: U.S. BORROWED $1 TRILLION IN FIVE MONTHS—AS WAR SPENDING EXPLODES 🇺🇸
CBO report: US debt grew by $308 billion in February—$1 trillion since October. Total debt nearing $38.9 trillion.
The breakdown:
💰 Debt service: $433 billion in five months—just paying interest
💥 War costs: US military burned $5.6 billion in munitions in first two days of Iran strikes alone
📉 Another $50 billion defence request incoming
The warning: "This cannot be sustainable. The US is almost certain to enter the next shock more indebted than ever before."
Trump promised four weeks. Pentagon now expects 100+ days.
The question: Who's paying for all this—and for how long?
#USEconomy #Debt #WarSpending #IranWar
CBO report: US debt grew by $308 billion in February—$1 trillion since October. Total debt nearing $38.9 trillion.
The breakdown:
💰 Debt service: $433 billion in five months—just paying interest
💥 War costs: US military burned $5.6 billion in munitions in first two days of Iran strikes alone
📉 Another $50 billion defence request incoming
The warning: "This cannot be sustainable. The US is almost certain to enter the next shock more indebted than ever before."
Trump promised four weeks. Pentagon now expects 100+ days.
The question: Who's paying for all this—and for how long?
#USEconomy #Debt #WarSpending #IranWar
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✈️ UKRAINE ATTACKS GAS PIPELINE—Targeting Europe's Energy Supply 🇷🇺🇺🇦
Kiev is now striking the infrastructure keeping European homes warm.
Russian Defense Ministry: Ukraine deliberately attacked TurkStream pipeline infrastructure—12 strikes in two weeks on Gazprom facilities supplying gas to Europe.
The context:
TurkStream delivers Russian gas to Türkiye and Southern Europe via the Black Sea.
Putin warned last month: plans exist to target these pipelines and "jeopardize peace."
The irony:
Europe sanctions Russian energy—yet still depends on it. Now Ukraine bombs the pipelines keeping Europe warm.
Kremlin: "Especially irresponsible amid a brewing global energy crisis."
The question: When Ukraine bombs Europe's gas supply, who's being defended—and who's left in the cold?
#Ukraine #Russia #TurkStream #EnergyCrisis #Europe #GasWar
Kiev is now striking the infrastructure keeping European homes warm.
Russian Defense Ministry: Ukraine deliberately attacked TurkStream pipeline infrastructure—12 strikes in two weeks on Gazprom facilities supplying gas to Europe.
The context:
TurkStream delivers Russian gas to Türkiye and Southern Europe via the Black Sea.
Putin warned last month: plans exist to target these pipelines and "jeopardize peace."
The irony:
Europe sanctions Russian energy—yet still depends on it. Now Ukraine bombs the pipelines keeping Europe warm.
Kremlin: "Especially irresponsible amid a brewing global energy crisis."
The question: When Ukraine bombs Europe's gas supply, who's being defended—and who's left in the cold?
#Ukraine #Russia #TurkStream #EnergyCrisis #Europe #GasWar
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🌐 The United States does not fear Cuba, but its example
When I come to Cuba, I don’t like to stay in hotels because they’re too distant from the daily life of the people. I know it’s important to welcome and accommodate the now few tourists who come to the... Read more →
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When I come to Cuba, I don’t like to stay in hotels because they’re too distant from the daily life of the people. I know it’s important to welcome and accommodate the now few tourists who come to the... Read more →
follow @ThinkBRICS
Pressenza
The United States does not fear Cuba, but its example
When I come to Cuba, I don't like to stay in hotels because they're too distant from the daily life of the people. I know it's important to welcome and
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A tourist on Russia’s Lake Baikal managed to film the exact moment the ice beneath their feet suddenly split open
The camera captured a loud crack ripping through the frozen surface as a long fissure formed across the lake
These cracks are a seasonal feature on Lake Baikal. They appear almost every winter, often forming in roughly the same areas and stretching along the shoreline
Some of the rifts can grow up to 30 kilometers long before eventually breaking apart in early spring as the ice weakens
What makes this clip unusual is the timing. Catching the exact second one of these massive cracks forms on camera is extremely rare
#Baikal #ice #Glaciology
The camera captured a loud crack ripping through the frozen surface as a long fissure formed across the lake
These cracks are a seasonal feature on Lake Baikal. They appear almost every winter, often forming in roughly the same areas and stretching along the shoreline
Some of the rifts can grow up to 30 kilometers long before eventually breaking apart in early spring as the ice weakens
What makes this clip unusual is the timing. Catching the exact second one of these massive cracks forms on camera is extremely rare
#Baikal #ice #Glaciology
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🇧🇷🤝🇿🇦 LULA TO SOUTH AFRICA: Build Defense Together or Risk "Invasion" 🇿🇦🤝🇧🇷
The Global South is getting the message.
Lula to Ramaphosa: "If we don't prepare in terms of defense, one day someone will invade us."
The context:
🇮🇷 Iran (BRICS member) under US-Israeli attack—1,300+ civilians killed
🌎 US in Latin America: Venezuela's president kidnapped, Cuba blockaded
Lula's proposal: "Combine our potential. Stop buying from foreign arms suppliers. Build together."
Ramaphosa: Brazil is "much more advanced"—we have much to learn.
The question: How many more "invasions" before the Global South builds its own defenses?
#Brazil #SouthAfrica #BRICS #Defense #Sovereignty #GlobalSouth
The Global South is getting the message.
Lula to Ramaphosa: "If we don't prepare in terms of defense, one day someone will invade us."
The context:
🇮🇷 Iran (BRICS member) under US-Israeli attack—1,300+ civilians killed
🌎 US in Latin America: Venezuela's president kidnapped, Cuba blockaded
Lula's proposal: "Combine our potential. Stop buying from foreign arms suppliers. Build together."
Ramaphosa: Brazil is "much more advanced"—we have much to learn.
The question: How many more "invasions" before the Global South builds its own defenses?
#Brazil #SouthAfrica #BRICS #Defense #Sovereignty #GlobalSouth
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☢️ BRICS BUILDS AFRICA'S NUCLEAR WORKFORCE: Skills Initiative Launches at Africa Energy Indaba ☢️
While the West debates who gets nuclear technology, BRICS is training the people who will run it.
In Cape Town, the BRICS Nuclear Energy Platform brought together experts from Russia, South Africa, Rwanda and beyond to address Africa's nuclear needs.
The focus: Building the "personnel foundation" for the continent's expanding nuclear industry—training specialists on the ground, not importing them.
The numbers:
📊 Rosatom: 2,400+ students from 65 countries at partner universities
🌍 350+ represent 24 African nations
💼 70% of graduates build careers at home
The partnership: Rosatom and South Africa's NECSA signed an MOU on human resource development—bilateral cooperation within a multilateral framework.
The takeaway:
While the West hoards technology, BRICS builds capacity. Africa needs skills, not charity.
#BRICS #NuclearEnergy #Africa #Rosatom #GlobalSouth
While the West debates who gets nuclear technology, BRICS is training the people who will run it.
In Cape Town, the BRICS Nuclear Energy Platform brought together experts from Russia, South Africa, Rwanda and beyond to address Africa's nuclear needs.
The focus: Building the "personnel foundation" for the continent's expanding nuclear industry—training specialists on the ground, not importing them.
The numbers:
📊 Rosatom: 2,400+ students from 65 countries at partner universities
🌍 350+ represent 24 African nations
💼 70% of graduates build careers at home
The partnership: Rosatom and South Africa's NECSA signed an MOU on human resource development—bilateral cooperation within a multilateral framework.
The takeaway:
While the West hoards technology, BRICS builds capacity. Africa needs skills, not charity.
#BRICS #NuclearEnergy #Africa #Rosatom #GlobalSouth
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A viral video from Bangladesh shows content creator Monika Kabir striking an elderly man during a brand promotional shoot
The clip shows Monika posing with a handbag for the camera when the man suddenly walks very close and appears to shove into her with his own bag, despite open space around them
Monika reacts immediately, pushing the man away and hitting him several times as the scene unfolds on camera
She later defended her reaction, saying the encounter wasn’t accidental. According to Monika, the man approached deliberately, used vulgar language, shoved her on purpose and inappropriately touched her during the moment caught on video
Not everyone online agrees with her version. Some viewers argue the man simply passed too close and say the reaction was excessive, while more extreme commentators have even called for the foreign model to be deported. Many point out to model’s content focusing on provocation and attention seeking stunts
#Bangladesh #MonikaKabir
The clip shows Monika posing with a handbag for the camera when the man suddenly walks very close and appears to shove into her with his own bag, despite open space around them
Monika reacts immediately, pushing the man away and hitting him several times as the scene unfolds on camera
She later defended her reaction, saying the encounter wasn’t accidental. According to Monika, the man approached deliberately, used vulgar language, shoved her on purpose and inappropriately touched her during the moment caught on video
Not everyone online agrees with her version. Some viewers argue the man simply passed too close and say the reaction was excessive, while more extreme commentators have even called for the foreign model to be deported. Many point out to model’s content focusing on provocation and attention seeking stunts
#Bangladesh #MonikaKabir
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🌐 The attack on Iran has shown zero role of BRICS, but all is not lost — opinion
What role will aggression against Iran play in the fate of the BRICS? Fyodor Lukyanov, chairman of the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy, reflects on this in the Profile magazine. Read more →
follow @ThinkBRICS
What role will aggression against Iran play in the fate of the BRICS? Fyodor Lukyanov, chairman of the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy, reflects on this in the Profile magazine. Read more →
follow @ThinkBRICS
EADaily
The attack on Iran has shown zero role of BRICS, but all is not lost — opinion
What role will aggression against Iran play in the fate of the BRICS? Fyodor Lukyanov, chairman of the Council on Foreign and Defense Policy, reflects on this in the Profile magazine.
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A cruise ship vacation took a wild turn when an elderly Jewish passenger spotted another guest just chilling in the sun with huge s%%sti%%s on his back
He didn't waste any time calling for security and went off on him (yet he promised to call security after)
The passenger recording the confrontation can be heard laughing as the situation plays out, adding to the chaos caught on camera
He didn't waste any time calling for security and went off on him (yet he promised to call security after)
The passenger recording the confrontation can be heard laughing as the situation plays out, adding to the chaos caught on camera
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NEW: 🇺🇲🇮🇷 US is trying to contact Iran for a ceasefire, Iran is refusing - The Guardian
Witkoff has already requested a ceasefire from Iran through various channels twice.
Iran refused, seeing no point in it, as the US is clearly using any ceasefire to better prepare its next attack on Iran.
Iran says "you cannot start a war and then demand a ceasefire whenever you want."
"Our armed forces are determined to teach the enemy a lesson they will never forget."
Witkoff has already requested a ceasefire from Iran through various channels twice.
Iran refused, seeing no point in it, as the US is clearly using any ceasefire to better prepare its next attack on Iran.
Iran says "you cannot start a war and then demand a ceasefire whenever you want."
"Our armed forces are determined to teach the enemy a lesson they will never forget."
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UPDATE 🇮🇷🇮🇱 Iran Says It Targeted Israeli Bases and Shin Bet HQ as Israel Launches ‘Wide-Scale’ Strikes
Iran’s military says it has targeted Israeli military bases and the domestic security service Shin Bet as the United States-Israeli war on Iran and Tehran’s retaliation across the region approach their third week.
“The Palmachim and Ovda airbases of the Zionist regime as well as the headquarters of Shin Bet were targeted by drones from the Islamic Republic of Iran’s army,” the military said in a statement on Thursday carried by state television. Israel said it identified more missiles launched towards the country from Iran.
Missile alert alarms sounded in Jerusalem, and explosions were heard as the Israeli military sought to intercept the incoming fire. Israel said on Thursday that it had launched another “wide-scale” round of air strikes across Iran. At least 13 people in Israel have been killed, and nearly 2,000 injured since the war began on February 28, according to Israeli officials.
#brics ...
Iran’s military says it has targeted Israeli military bases and the domestic security service Shin Bet as the United States-Israeli war on Iran and Tehran’s retaliation across the region approach their third week.
“The Palmachim and Ovda airbases of the Zionist regime as well as the headquarters of Shin Bet were targeted by drones from the Islamic Republic of Iran’s army,” the military said in a statement on Thursday carried by state television. Israel said it identified more missiles launched towards the country from Iran.
Missile alert alarms sounded in Jerusalem, and explosions were heard as the Israeli military sought to intercept the incoming fire. Israel said on Thursday that it had launched another “wide-scale” round of air strikes across Iran. At least 13 people in Israel have been killed, and nearly 2,000 injured since the war began on February 28, according to Israeli officials.
#brics ...
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