بیاید با چند تا لغت جدید آشنا شیم:


Sheldon: Hello, Penny. Leonard just left.

Penny: I know. I want to talk to you.

Sheldon: What would we talk about? We have no overlapping areas of interest I'm aware of. As you know, I don't care for chitchat.

Penny: Can you just let me in?

Sheldon: All right, but I don't see this as a promising endeavor.

==================================================

🖌 overlapping == مشابه

🖌 interest == علاقه

🖌 aware == آگاه

🖌 chitchat == گپ زدن

🖌 promising == درست و حسابی

🖌 endeavor == تلاش


🎬Source: Big Bang Theory (S1-E16) 🎬


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✳️ کلمات با تلفظ یکسان و نوشتار و معنی متفاوت (Homophones) ✳️

📌بخش هفتم

در ادامه سری پست‌های آموزشی میخوایم با تعدادی کلمه چالش برانگیز که آوای نزدیک به هم دارن ولی در نگارش متفاوت هستن، آشنا شیم که برای آزمون TOEFL بسیار کاربردی هستند:
──────────────────────
✳️ Aural vs Oral

✳️ Aural:
✅ نقش: صفت
✅ معنی: مربوط به شنوایی
✅ مثال:
• "Her aural skills help her excel in music."


✳️ Oral:
✅ نقش: صفت
✅ معنی: مربوط به گفتار، شفاهی
✅ مثال:
• "He delivered an impressive oral presentation."


──────────────────────
✳️ Dual vs Duel

✳️ Dual:
✅ نقش: صفت
✅ معنی: دوگانه، دو قسمتی
✅ مثال:
• "The device has a dual function for efficiency."


✳️ Duel:
✅ نقش: اسم
✅ معنی: دوئل، مبارزه یا مسابقه بین دو نفر
✅ مثال:
• "The historical duel between the rivals is well-known."


⛔️(این بخش ادامه دارد)⛔️


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سلام دوستان
نسخه جدید اپلیکیشن منتشر شد. حتما آپدیت بفرمایید.

✳️ Some countries still use asbestos ✳️

🖌 در متن خبری زیر، لغاتی که کنار هم بولد شدند، به ترتیب در سطح A1، سطح B1 و سطح C1 هستند.


Asbestos is a mineral that workers used in buildings because it was strong and it didn’t burn/catch fire/ignite.

Later, people found out that breathing in asbestos fibers can cause/lead to/bring about serious lung diseases. These small fibers can stay in the air and get into the lungs, which can cause problems many years later.

Many countries don’t allow/permit/authorize the use of asbestos anymore, but some old houses and factories still have it. Workers who fix/repair/restore or destroy these buildings must be very careful. They should wear protective clothing and follow safety rules.

In some countries, people still use asbestos because it is cheap. Health experts say asbestos is very dangerous and workers must remove/clean out/eliminate it safely. If people think their house has asbestos, they should call professionals instead of touching it themselves.
————————————————————
————————————————————

✅ burn/catch fire/ignite == آتش گرفتن

✅ cause/lead to/bring about == باعث شدن

✅ allow/permit/authorize == اجازه دادن

✅ fix/repair/restore == تعمیر کردن

✅ remove/clean out/eliminate == حذف کردن

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✳️ کلمات با تلفظ یکسان و نوشتار و معنی متفاوت (Homophones) ✳️

📌بخش هشتم

در ادامه سری پست‌های آموزشی میخوایم با تعدادی کلمه چالش برانگیز که آوای نزدیک به هم دارن ولی در نگارش متفاوت هستن، آشنا شیم که برای آزمون TOEFL بسیار کاربردی هستند:
──────────────────────
✳️ Precede vs Proceed

✳️ Precede:
✅ نقش: فعل
✅ معنی: پیشی گرفتن، قبل از چیزی آمدن
✅ مثال:
• "A brief introduction will precede the main lecture."


✳️ Proceed:
✅ نقش: فعل
✅ معنی: ادامه دادن، شروع کردن
✅ مثال:
• "After the break, we will proceed with the discussion."


──────────────────────
✳️ Desert vs Dessert

✳️ Desert:
✅ نقش: اسم یا فعل
✅ معنی:

به عنوان اسم: بیابان
به عنوان فعل: ترک کردن، رها کردن
✅ مثال:
• "He felt abandoned when his friends deserted him."


✳️ Dessert:
✅ نقش: اسم
✅ معنی: دسر، خوراکی شیرین پس از غذا
✅ مثال:
• "We enjoyed a delicious dessert after dinner."


⛔️(این بخش ادامه دارد)⛔️


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✳️ Sick chimps eat special plants ✳️

🖌 در متن خبری زیر، لغاتی که کنار هم بولد شدند، به ترتیب در سطح A1، سطح B1 و سطح C1 هستند.


Scientists found that wild chimpanzees in Uganda eat/consume/devour plants with pain-relieving and anti-bacterial properties to heal themselves.

Researchers watched these chimps for four years and believe this behavior could help find/discover/locate new medicines. Researchers from the University of Oxford wanted to learn more about how chimps use plants as medicine. They followed the chimps and watched/observed/monitored what they ate when sick or hurt. They collected these plants and tested them.

The study showed that 88% of the plants had strong anti-bacterial effects, and 33% were good for reducing/lessening/relieving inflammation. This means chimps choose/select/prefer certain plants to treat illnesses.

This finding shows that chimps are smart and can find the medicines they need.

————————————————————
————————————————————

✅ eat/consume/devour == خوردن

✅ find/discover/locate == کشف کردن

✅ watched/observed/monitored == مشاهده کردن

✅ reducing/lessening/relieving == کاهش دادن

✅ choose/select/prefer == انتخاب کردن

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بیاید با چند تا لغت جدید آشنا شیم:


Penny: Sheldon, you're his friend. Friends give each other presents.

Sheldon: I accept your premise; I reject your conclusion.

Howard: Try telling him it's a non-optional social convention.

Penny: It's a non-optional social convention.

Sheldon: Oh. Fair enough.

Howard: He came with a manual.

==================================================

🖌 premise == فرضیه

🖌 reject == رد کردن

🖌 conclusion == نتیجه

🖌 non-optional == اجباری

🖌 convention == قرارداد

🖌 manual == دستورالعمل


🎬Source: Big Bang Theory (S1-E16) 🎬


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✳️ کلمات با تلفظ یکسان و نوشتار و معنی متفاوت (Homophones) ✳️

📌بخش نهم

در ادامه سری پست‌های آموزشی میخوایم با تعدادی کلمه چالش برانگیز که آوای نزدیک به هم دارن ولی در نگارش متفاوت هستن، آشنا شیم که برای آزمون TOEFL بسیار کاربردی هستند:
──────────────────────
✳️ Loose vs Lose

✳️ Loose:
✅ نقش: صفت
✅ معنی: شل، آزاد، نه سفت
✅ مثال:
• "The belt is too loose and needs to be tightened."


✳️ Lose:
✅ نقش: فعل
✅ معنی: گم کردن، از دست دادن
✅ مثال:
• "Be careful not to lose your keys."

──────────────────────
✳️ Capital vs Capitol

✳️ Capital:
✅ نقش: اسم
✅ معنی:پایتخت یک کشور، سرمایه یا منابع مالی
✅ مثال:
• "London is the capital of the United Kingdom."


✳️ Capitol:
✅ نقش: اسم
✅ معنی: ساختمان قانون‌گذاری
✅ مثال:
• "The senators met at the capitol to discuss the bill."


⛔️(این بخش ادامه دارد)⛔️


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✳️ Rising sea levels ✳️

🖌 در متن خبری زیر، لغاتی که کنار هم بولد شدند، به ترتیب در سطح A1، سطح B1 و سطح C1 هستند.


NASA says sea levels rose/increased/went up more than expected in 2024. Scientists thought they would rise by 0.43 cm, but they increased by 0.59 cm. This happened because ocean water got warmer and more glaciers melted/thawed/liquefied.

2024 was also the hottest/warmest/highest-temperature year ever recorded, with temperatures 1.6°C higher than in the past. About two-thirds of the sea level rise happened because warm water expanded, and melting ice caused the rest.

Some countries are trying to use clean energy, but others, like the US, are reducing/weakening/relaxing climate rules. Scientists say countries need to work/cooperate/collaborate together to stop the problem. If temperatures keep rising, sea levels will go up even faster, which could be dangerous for people living near the ocean.

————————————————————
————————————————————

✅ rose/increased/went up == افزایش یافتن

✅ melted/thawed/liquefied == ذوب شدن

✅ hottest/warmest/highest-temperature == گرم‌ترین

✅ reducing/weakening/relaxing == کاهش دادن

✅ work/cooperate/collaborate == همکاری کردن

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✳️ Australia’s dangerous highway ✳️

🖌 در متن خبری زیر، لغاتی که کنار هم بولد شدند، به ترتیب در سطح A1، سطح B1 و سطح C1 هستند.


The Bruce Highway in Queensland is a dangerous/unsafe/perilous road with many accidents happening on it. The road is often only one lane in each direction, and this causes many fatal crashes.

From 2018 to 2022, over half of the 149 deaths on the highway happened in head-on collisions when two vehicles hit each other straight/directly/in a direct course. Families of the victims/casualties/fatalities are asking for the government to make the road safer. Betty Stuart, who lost her husband in an accident, wants improvements/advancements/enhancements like better road lanes.

The government promised/sweared/vowed to spend money on fixing the highway, but people think it is not enough. Drivers say this is the worst road in Australia and want urgent changes to stop more accidents from happening.

————————————————————
————————————————————

✅ dangerous/unsafe/perilous == خطرناک

✅ straight/directly/in a direct course == مستقیما

✅ victims/casualties/fatalities == قربانی

✅ improvements/advancements/enhancements == پیشرفت

✅ promised/sweared/vowed == قول دادن

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