Before discussing the anatomy of research, we have to understand why we conduct research.

📌 To establish evidence-based medicine
The era where clinical decisions depended on personal opinion only has been replaced by solid proof “research”. Research provides the rigorous evidence that transforms trial-and-error practice into reliable, reproducible patient care.

📌 To fill knowledge gaps
A lot of “Idiopathic” remains to be solved; research is a fundamental step in this crucial process to fill the knowledge gap in medicine.

📌 To develop new drugs, devices, and procedures
Every medication on the shelf and every surgical technique in the operating room began as a research question. Without continuous innovation in therapeutics and technology, medicine stagnates, and patients with unmet needs have nowhere to turn.

📌 To identify risk factors and protective measures before harm occurs
Prevention is more powerful than treatment. Research uncovers what predisposes people to disease, whether genetic, environmental, or behavioral, allowing physicians to identify early and reduce the burden of diseases.

📌 To improve healthcare systems
Research does not focus only on the patient at the bedside; it also examines workflows, resource allocation, policy design, and access to care. Systems research translates into reduced costs, fewer errors, and fairer health outcomes for all.

📌 For personal development
Engaging in research sharpens critical thinking, strengthens analytical skills, and cultivates intellectual humility. It teaches healthcare professionals to question assumptions, interpret data, and approach clinical problems with a deeper, more nuanced mindset.

📌 Opening new pathways for healthcare providers
Research experience unlocks career opportunities beyond the hospital. It broadens a clinician's impact, allowing expertise to shape entire fields rather than just individual patient encounters.

📌 To get the SCHFS points, “mandatory one research project.”
The Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) requires a research project as part of applying for board residency. So you have to have at least one published manuscript.

قبل تنشر بحثك للحصول على نقاط البورد لازم تتأكد انه المجلة متوافقة مع شروط الهيئة 👇🏻

• The journal should be one of the following:
• PubMed indexed journal
• Web of Science-indexed journal
• Saudi journals affiliated with a Saudi university or society.

يكفي شرط واحد من هذي الشروط، مو بالضرورة كلهم
طريقة معرفة الفهرسة كاملة مع الأمثلة، ومع لستة للمجلات السعودية موجودة في الملف 📍

📌 Tips to avoid missing the point
1) Don't check the index at the journal site; they are not reliable.
2) Check Bells' list (https://beallslist.net) before submitting your paper to avoid predatory journals.
3) Insert the direct link of the article from the journal website (not PubMed link, DOI, or PDF).
4) The paper has to be published, submitted, or an accepted manuscript will be rejected.

تسمعوا كثير من المشرفين قبل ترفعوا ابحاثكم عن مجلات ال Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4 , وعن ال Impact factor بس هل سألتكم نفسكم ايش هي وكيف نعرفها؟
🤔

قياس مدى تأثير المجلة 📍

هل تقدر تنشر بحثك ببلاش؟ ولا لازم تدفع رسوم؟ 🤔

A dilemma that a lot of authors face is the option of publishing with terms like “open access”, “closed access”, “hybrid”, and “subscription-based.”
📍 خلونا نفهم معنى هذي المصطلحات ونعرف كيف ممكن نوفر فلوسنا اثناء النشر

1️⃣ Full open access: you have to pay fees to publish your paper; every journal has different fees. Go and check the article processing charge from the author's guidelines. The paper will be made available upon publication.

2️⃣ Hybrid journals: allow you to choose between open access and closed access publishing, giving you the option to decide whether or not to pay. The paper will only be available to the journal’s subscribers.

3️⃣ Free journals: that will publish your paper as open access without submission fees. For example, some Saudi journals

🛑Many journals have become fully open access recently, and they have higher citation rates. However, if you are a medical student or intern, I would suggest closed-access journals first, unless you have a funder.

🛑Open access journal fees range from 3,000 riyals to 12-15 thousand riyals, so make sure to read the guidelines before submitting your paper.

🛑Distribute the fees fairly among the group members, and ask the consultant (PI) for guidance and support.

🛑 كيف نحدد مين يكون اوثر في البحث؟ عن طريق هذي المعايير:

📌Almost all standard authorship criteria are as follows
• Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND
• Drafting the work or reviewing it critically for important intellectual content; AND
• Final approval of the version to be published; AND
• Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

🛑 How to list authors?
1️⃣ Based on the contribution of the paper (most tasks, and the accuracy of doing those tasks as well).

2️⃣ Based on alphabetical order (I highly don’t support this concept).

3️⃣ The project lead should be the first author.

4️⃣ The senior author (Principal investigator) should be the last (however, in our country, a lot of senior authors prefer to be the first author, so make sure to ask him/her first to avoid any conflicts).

5️⃣ Corresponding author is the author who submitted the paper (not related to the order at all, it can be any one of the co-authors). Sometimes the last author (PI) is credited as the corresponding author.

6️⃣ Some journals will allow you to have a shared first authorship, which means that the first and second authors have contributed equally and both consider themselves “first author.”

اذا المجلة طلبت منكمAuthorship contribution statement, use the following example

⁃ Concept and design:
⁃ Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data:
⁃ Drafting of the manuscript:
⁃ Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content:
⁃ Supervision:
All authors have reviewed the final version to be published and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Do data collectors count as authors? 🤔
• Every case is different, and this is an area of debate! Howevever
• Based on the collected data and the method itself, it is different.
• No data = No paper.
• The first author decides that if the data are collected on site (taking time and effort) they should be co-authors; however, if it were a survey-based data collection, they should be acknowledged only.
• Make sure to include data collectors in the final manuscript writing

‎🛑قائمة المجلات السعودية التابعة لجامعات او جمعيات سعودية
‎🛑The comprehensive list of Saudi Medical Journals

https://x.com/mohammed_20aa/status/2036663866025795805?s=46&t=sswg2EX-8LYrHCTzS2Vcpw

📍Fields of Health Research

📍Qualitative VS Quantitative Approaches

🛑 The hierarchy of evidence (التسلسل الهرمي للأدلة/ هرم الادلة) is a framework used in evidence-based practice to rank research designs according to the strength and reliability of their findings.

At the highest level are systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which integrate results from multiple high-quality studies to yield comprehensive, robust conclusions. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) represent the gold standard for evaluating interventions, followed by observational studies such as cohort and case–control studies, which offer valuable but less controlled evidence. Case series and case reports provide descriptive insights, whereas expert opinion and anecdotal evidence are at the lowest level due to their greater susceptibility to bias.

📍This hierarchy underscores the importance of prioritizing higher-level evidence in clinical decision-making and research appraisal.

📍Share your questions, suggestions, and anything you want me to cover
https://forms.gle/xu6w5wuvh4yM1zQJ9

📌 Challenges in Applying the Hierarchy ResearchRide

📌 الانتحال العلمي (Plagiarism) من اكبر المشاكل اللي ممكن تواجه اي باحث
وضروري ننتبه منه ونحاول نقلله بقدر الامكان

١) توثيق المراجع واقتباسهم
٢) اعادة صياغة الجمل (Paraphrase)
٣) استخدام أدوات كشف الانتحال عن طريق:
https://www.ithenticate.com الافضل للابحاث والادق

https://www.turnitin.com

📌Ethical Considerations in Research أخلاقيات الابحاث📌

📌 إذا كنت ناوي تسوي بحث (cross-sectional أو cohort أو case-control)، لازم ترفع المقترح البحثي للجنة الأخلاقيات، وكثير ما يعرفون ايش المفترض يتضمن.

وهذه أهم العناصر اللي لازم تكون موجودة:
1️⃣ Introduction – المقدمة
2️⃣ Literature Review – مراجعة الأدبيات
3️⃣ Aim & Objectives – الهدف والأهداف
4️⃣ Methodology – المنهجية
5️⃣ Timeline & Budget – الجدول الزمني والميزانية
6️⃣ References – المراجع
7️⃣ Attach data collection tools (e.g., survey) – إرفاق أدوات جمع البيانات (مثل الاستبيان)

✅ Keep it clear, structured, and ethical