🔘 FUNCTIONS OF NUTRIENTS 🔘

✅• C, H and O are the elements that provide basic structure to the plant.

✅• N, S and P are useful in energy storage, transfer and bonding.

✅• N, S and P are accessory structural elements which are more active and vital for living tissues.

✅• K, Ca and Mg are necessary for charge balance. They act as regulators and carriers.

✅• Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo and Cl are involved in enzyme activation and electron transport. They act as catalysers and activators.

✅• Basic nutrients C, H and O are constituents of carbohydrates and several biochemical compounds.

✅• Nitrogen is a constituent of proteins, enzymes, hormones,
vitamins, alkaloids, chlorophyll etc.

✅• Phosphorus is a constituent of sugar phosphates, nucleotides, nucleic acids, coenzymes and phospholipids.

✅• Process of anabolism and catabolism of carbohydrates proceed when organic compounds are esterised with phosphoric acid.

✅• Potassium is not a constituent of any organic compound.

✅• Potassium is required as a cofactor for 40 or more enzymes.

✅• Potassium controls movement of stomata and maintains electroneutrality of plant cells.

✅• Sulphur is a constituent of several aminoacids and fatty acids.

✅• Calcium is a constituent of cell wall as calcium pectate.

✅• Calcium is required as a cofactor in hydrolysis of ATP and phospholipids.

✅• Magnesium is a constituent of chlorophyll.

✅• Magnesium is required in several enzymes involved in phosphate transfer.

✅• Iron is a constituent of various enzymes like cytochrome,
catalase and plays the part of a vital catalyst in the plant.

✅• Iron is a key element in various redox reactions of respiration, photosynthesis and reduction of nitrates and sulphates.


✅• Manganese is a constituent of several cation activated enzymes like decarboxylases, kinases, oxidases etc.

✅• Manganese is essential for the formation of chlorophyll,
reduction of nitrates and for respiration.

✅• Copper and Zinc are involved in cation activated enzymes.

✅• Boron helps in carbohydrate transport.

✅• Boron is necessary for the germination of pollen, formation of flowers and fruits and for the absorption of cations.

✅• Molybdenum is required for the assimilation of nitrates as well as for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen.

✅• Chlorine is involved in reaction relating to oxygen evolution.

✅• Co, Se are the elements that need to be applied to forage crops from the viewpoint of animal nutrition.

✅• Cobalt is essential for the synthesis of vitamin B12.**

🔘Important Horticultural institute 🔘

🔸Central Institute forr Subtropical Horticulture- Lucknow

🔸Central Institute of Temperate Horticulture- Srinagar

🔸Central Tuber Crops Research Institute- Thiruvananthapuram

🔸Central Plantation Crops Research Institute- Kassargod

🔸Central Potato Research Institute- Kufri

🔸Indian Institute of Horticultural Research- Bangalore

🔸Indian Institute of Spices Research- Calicut

🔸Central Institute for Arid Horticulture- Bikaner

🔸Central Research Institute for Chikoo- Muzaffarpur

🔸National Research Center for Banana- Tiruchirapalli

🔸National Research Center for Cashew- Puttur

🔸National Research Center for Citrus- Nagpur

🔸National Research Center for Grapes- Pune

🔸Directorate of Mushroom Research- Solon

🔸National Research Center for Medicinal & Aromatic Plants- Anand

🔸National Research Center for Onion & Garlic- Nasik

🔸National Research Center for Orchids- Gangtok

🔸National Research Center for Seed Spices- Ajmer

🔸Indian Institute of Vegetable Research- Varanasi

@Agriculture_University_Faculty

Basic Research- Time Bound

Applied Research- Goal Bound

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