Hormone, metabolic peptide, and nutrient levels in the earliest phases of rheumatoid #arthritis—contribution of free #fatty acids to an increased cardiovascular risk during very early disease
https://lnkd.in/exTGm2p
The results presented here suggest a role for FFAs in the pathogenesis of RA. Furthermore, PP and norepinephrine may be a biomarker that could assist in the identification of individuals at risk.
https://lnkd.in/exTGm2p
The results presented here suggest a role for FFAs in the pathogenesis of RA. Furthermore, PP and norepinephrine may be a biomarker that could assist in the identification of individuals at risk.
SpringerLink
Hormone, metabolic peptide, and nutrient levels in the earliest phases
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease associated with changes in several hormones and metabolic peptides. Crosstalk between these factors and the immune system may be important for
The #Fatty Liver Index: A Simple and Accurate Predictor of Colorectal #Adenoma in an Average-Risk Population https://insights.ovid.com/crossref?an=00003453-201801000-00009
Among these subjects, 932 (31.3%) had colorectal adenoma, 691 (23.2%) had metabolic syndrome, and 1512 (50.8%) had fatty liver on ultrasonography. In multivariate analysis, fatty liver index ≥30 was associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR, 1.269; 95% CI, 1.06–1.49; p = 0.008). The fatty liver index-high group (fatty liver index ≥30) had more colorectal adenomas and more advanced colorectal adenomas than the fatty liver index-low group (fatty liver index <30) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.042). The prevalence of colorectal adenomas increased with increasing quartile of fatty liver index (p < 0.05).
The high fatty liver index may be a useful predictor of colorectal adenoma. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A478
Among these subjects, 932 (31.3%) had colorectal adenoma, 691 (23.2%) had metabolic syndrome, and 1512 (50.8%) had fatty liver on ultrasonography. In multivariate analysis, fatty liver index ≥30 was associated with an increased risk of colorectal adenoma (OR, 1.269; 95% CI, 1.06–1.49; p = 0.008). The fatty liver index-high group (fatty liver index ≥30) had more colorectal adenomas and more advanced colorectal adenomas than the fatty liver index-low group (fatty liver index <30) (p < 0.001 and p = 0.042). The prevalence of colorectal adenomas increased with increasing quartile of fatty liver index (p < 0.05).
The high fatty liver index may be a useful predictor of colorectal adenoma. See Video Abstract at http://links.lww.com/DCR/A478
OvidInsights
The Fatty Liver Index: A Simple and Accurate Predictor of Colorectal Adenoma in an Average-Risk Population
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome, is associated with increased risk of colorectal adenoma, a precursor of colorectal cancer. Because nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and colorectal adenoma share many common…
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Effects of n−3 #Fatty Acid Supplements in #Diabetes Mellitus
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1804989?query=featured_home
During a mean follow-up of 7.4 years (adherence rate, 76%), a serious vascular event occurred in 689 patients (8.9%) in the fatty acid group and in 712 (9.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.87 to 1.08; P=0.55). The composite outcome of a serious vascular event or revascularization occurred in 882 patients (11.4%) and 887 patients (11.5%), respectively (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.09). Death from any cause occurred in 752 patients (9.7%) in the fatty acid group and in 788 (10.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05). There were no significant between-group differences in the rates of nonfatal serious adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with diabetes without evidence of cardiovascular disease, there was no significant difference in the risk of serious vascular events between those who were assigned to receive n−3 fatty acid supplementation and those who were assigned to receive placebo
Effects of n−3 #Fatty Acid Supplements in #Diabetes Mellitus
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa1804989?query=featured_home
During a mean follow-up of 7.4 years (adherence rate, 76%), a serious vascular event occurred in 689 patients (8.9%) in the fatty acid group and in 712 (9.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 0.97; 95% confidence interval CI, 0.87 to 1.08; P=0.55). The composite outcome of a serious vascular event or revascularization occurred in 882 patients (11.4%) and 887 patients (11.5%), respectively (rate ratio, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.91 to 1.09). Death from any cause occurred in 752 patients (9.7%) in the fatty acid group and in 788 (10.2%) in the placebo group (rate ratio, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.05). There were no significant between-group differences in the rates of nonfatal serious adverse events.
CONCLUSIONS
Among patients with diabetes without evidence of cardiovascular disease, there was no significant difference in the risk of serious vascular events between those who were assigned to receive n−3 fatty acid supplementation and those who were assigned to receive placebo
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#Fatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat consumption and incidence of type 2 #diabetes: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002670
We aimed to investigate prospective associations of circulating or adipose tissue odd-chain fatty acids 15:0 and 17:0 and trans-palmitoleic acid, t16:1n-7, as potential biomarkers of dairy fat intake, with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D)
After adjustment for potential confounders, including measures of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference) and lipogenesis (levels of palmitate, triglycerides), higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with lower incidence of T2D. In the most adjusted model, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident T2D per cohort-specific 10th to 90th percentile range of 15:0 was 0.80 (0.73–0.87); of 17:0, 0.65 (0.59–0.72); of t16:1n7, 0.82 (0.70–0.96); and of their sum, 0.71 (0.63–0.79). In exploratory analyses, similar associations for 15:0, 17:0, and the sum of all three fatty acids were present in both genders but stronger in women than in men (pinteraction < 0.001). Whereas studying associations with biomarkers has several advantages, as limitations, the biomarkers do not distinguish between different food sources of dairy fat (e.g., cheese, yogurt, milk), and residual confounding by unmeasured or imprecisely measured confounders may exist.
Conclusions
In a large meta-analysis that pooled the findings from 16 prospective cohort studies, higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with a lower risk of T2D
#Fatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat consumption and incidence of type 2 #diabetes: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
https://journals.plos.org/plosmedicine/article?id=10.1371/journal.pmed.1002670
We aimed to investigate prospective associations of circulating or adipose tissue odd-chain fatty acids 15:0 and 17:0 and trans-palmitoleic acid, t16:1n-7, as potential biomarkers of dairy fat intake, with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D)
After adjustment for potential confounders, including measures of adiposity (BMI, waist circumference) and lipogenesis (levels of palmitate, triglycerides), higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with lower incidence of T2D. In the most adjusted model, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident T2D per cohort-specific 10th to 90th percentile range of 15:0 was 0.80 (0.73–0.87); of 17:0, 0.65 (0.59–0.72); of t16:1n7, 0.82 (0.70–0.96); and of their sum, 0.71 (0.63–0.79). In exploratory analyses, similar associations for 15:0, 17:0, and the sum of all three fatty acids were present in both genders but stronger in women than in men (pinteraction < 0.001). Whereas studying associations with biomarkers has several advantages, as limitations, the biomarkers do not distinguish between different food sources of dairy fat (e.g., cheese, yogurt, milk), and residual confounding by unmeasured or imprecisely measured confounders may exist.
Conclusions
In a large meta-analysis that pooled the findings from 16 prospective cohort studies, higher levels of 15:0, 17:0, and t16:1n-7 were associated with a lower risk of T2D
journals.plos.org
Fatty acid biomarkers of dairy fat consumption and incidence of type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies
Fumiaki Imamura and colleagues reveal a correlation between higher levels of circulating and adipose odd-chain fatty and trans-palmitoleic acids and lower risk of developing diabetes.
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Dietary #Sugars Alter Hepatic #Fatty Acid #Oxidation via Transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications of Mitochondrial Proteins
Highlights
• Addition of fructose to a high-fat diet increases hepatic malonyl-CoA more than glucose
•Knockdown of the fructose metabolizing gene ketohexokinase increases CTP1a levels
•Fructose supplementation alters mitochondrial size and function
•Dietary fructose induces acetylation of ACADL and CPT1a to modify fat oxidation
In summary, dietary fructose, but not glucose, supplementation of HFD impairs mitochondrial size, function, and protein acetylation, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and development of metabolic dysregulation.
https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30504-2
Dietary #Sugars Alter Hepatic #Fatty Acid #Oxidation via Transcriptional and Post-translational Modifications of Mitochondrial Proteins
Highlights
• Addition of fructose to a high-fat diet increases hepatic malonyl-CoA more than glucose
•Knockdown of the fructose metabolizing gene ketohexokinase increases CTP1a levels
•Fructose supplementation alters mitochondrial size and function
•Dietary fructose induces acetylation of ACADL and CPT1a to modify fat oxidation
In summary, dietary fructose, but not glucose, supplementation of HFD impairs mitochondrial size, function, and protein acetylation, resulting in decreased fatty acid oxidation and development of metabolic dysregulation.
https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30504-2
Mitigation of nonalcoholic #fatty liver disease in high-fat-fed mice by the combination of decaffeinated green tea extract and voluntary exercise
We have shown that combination treatment with decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) and voluntary exercise (Ex) reduces obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat (HF)-fed mice to a greater extent than either treatment alone. Here, we investigated the effects of GTE-, Ex- or the combination on the development of obesity-related NAFLD..
..Combination treated, but not singly treated mice, had higher hepatic expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis (sirtuin 1 [59%]; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α [42%]; nuclear respiratory factor 1 [38%]; and transcription factor B1, mitochondrial [89%]) compared to the HF-fed controls. GTE-, Ex-, and the combination-treatment groups also had higher hepatic expression of genes related to cholesterol synthesis and uptake, but the combination was not better than the single treatments. Our results suggest the combination of GTE and Ex can effectively mitigate NAFLD. Future studies should determine if the combination is additive or synergistic compared to the single treatments.
https://bit.ly/2UV5yzQ
We have shown that combination treatment with decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) and voluntary exercise (Ex) reduces obesity and insulin resistance in high-fat (HF)-fed mice to a greater extent than either treatment alone. Here, we investigated the effects of GTE-, Ex- or the combination on the development of obesity-related NAFLD..
..Combination treated, but not singly treated mice, had higher hepatic expression of genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis (sirtuin 1 [59%]; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α [42%]; nuclear respiratory factor 1 [38%]; and transcription factor B1, mitochondrial [89%]) compared to the HF-fed controls. GTE-, Ex-, and the combination-treatment groups also had higher hepatic expression of genes related to cholesterol synthesis and uptake, but the combination was not better than the single treatments. Our results suggest the combination of GTE and Ex can effectively mitigate NAFLD. Future studies should determine if the combination is additive or synergistic compared to the single treatments.
https://bit.ly/2UV5yzQ
Sciencedirect
Mitigation of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat-fed mice by the combination of decaffeinated green tea extract and voluntary…
We have shown that combination treatment with decaffeinated green tea extract (GTE) and voluntary exercise (Ex) reduces obesity and insulin resistance…
Vitamin #D for treatment of non‐alcoholic #fatty liver disease detected by transient elastography: A randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
https://2medical.news/2020/08/18/vitamin-d-for-treatment-of-non%E2%80%90alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-detected-by-transient-elastography-a-randomized-double%E2%80%90blind-placebo%E2%80%90controlled-trial/
To evaluate the effects of vitamin D on transient elastography (TE, FibroScan) indices of liver steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter [CAP]) and fibrosis (liver stiffness measurement [LSM]) in adults with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).. ..Both CAP and LSM gradually decreased in vitamin D‐treated patients and slightly increased in the placebo arm. Vitamin D was superior to placebo for both primary outcomes (mean differences in CAP …
https://2medical.news/2020/08/18/vitamin-d-for-treatment-of-non%E2%80%90alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-detected-by-transient-elastography-a-randomized-double%E2%80%90blind-placebo%E2%80%90controlled-trial/
To evaluate the effects of vitamin D on transient elastography (TE, FibroScan) indices of liver steatosis (controlled attenuation parameter [CAP]) and fibrosis (liver stiffness measurement [LSM]) in adults with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).. ..Both CAP and LSM gradually decreased in vitamin D‐treated patients and slightly increased in the placebo arm. Vitamin D was superior to placebo for both primary outcomes (mean differences in CAP …
Effect of Vitamin #D and ω-3 #Fatty Acid Supplementation on Risk of Age-Related #Macular Degeneration An Ancillary Study of the VITAL Randomized Clinical Trial
https://2medical.news/2020/10/30/effect-of-vitamin-d-and-%CF%89-3-fatty-acid-supplementation-on-risk-of-age-related-macular-degeneration-an-ancillary-study-of-the-vital-randomized-clinical-trial/
Observational studies suggest that higher intake or blood levels of vitamin D and marine ω-3 fatty acids may be associated with lower risks of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, evidence from randomized trials is limited.. ..In total, 25 871 participants with a mean (SD) age of 67.1 (7.0) years were included in the trial. Of them, 50.6% were women, 71.3% were self-declared non-Hispanic White participants, and …
https://2medical.news/2020/10/30/effect-of-vitamin-d-and-%CF%89-3-fatty-acid-supplementation-on-risk-of-age-related-macular-degeneration-an-ancillary-study-of-the-vital-randomized-clinical-trial/
Observational studies suggest that higher intake or blood levels of vitamin D and marine ω-3 fatty acids may be associated with lower risks of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, evidence from randomized trials is limited.. ..In total, 25 871 participants with a mean (SD) age of 67.1 (7.0) years were included in the trial. Of them, 50.6% were women, 71.3% were self-declared non-Hispanic White participants, and …
Effects of two personalized #dietary strategies during a 2‐year intervention in subjects with nonalcoholic #fatty #liver disease: a randomized trial
https://2medical.news/2021/02/12/effects-of-two-personalized-dietary-strategies-during-a-2%E2%80%90year-intervention-in-subjects-with-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-a-randomized-trial/
Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods Ninety‐eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to …
https://2medical.news/2021/02/12/effects-of-two-personalized-dietary-strategies-during-a-2%E2%80%90year-intervention-in-subjects-with-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-a-randomized-trial/
Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods Ninety‐eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to …
Peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated #fatty acids in the acidic #tumor environment leads to ferroptosis-mediated anticancer effects
https://2medical.news/2021/06/18/peroxidation-of-n-3-and-n-6-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-in-the-acidic-tumor-environment-leads-to-ferroptosis-mediated-anticancer-effects/
https://2medical.news/2021/06/18/peroxidation-of-n-3-and-n-6-polyunsaturated-fatty-acids-in-the-acidic-tumor-environment-leads-to-ferroptosis-mediated-anticancer-effects/
2Medical.News
Peroxidation of n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated #fatty acids in the acidic #tumor environment leads to ferroptosis-mediated anticancer…
Highlights•n-3 and n-6 PUFAs preferentially accumulate in lipid droplets of acidic cancer cells •Excess LC-PUFAs undergo peroxidation and induce ferroptosis in acidic cancer cells •DGAT inhibitors …
Effects of #Tamoxifen vs. Toremifene on #fatty liver development and lipid profiles in #breast Cancer
https://2medical.news/2021/07/20/effects-of-tamoxifen-vs-toremifene-on-fatty-liver-development-and-lipid-profiles-in-breast-cancer/
https://2medical.news/2021/07/20/effects-of-tamoxifen-vs-toremifene-on-fatty-liver-development-and-lipid-profiles-in-breast-cancer/
2Medical.News
Effects of #Tamoxifen vs. Toremifene on #fatty liver development and lipid profiles in #breast Cancer
Tamoxifen (TAM) and Toremifene (TOR), two kinds of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), have equal efficacy in breast cancer patients. However, TAM has been proved to affect serum lipid …
Influence of Free #Fatty Acid Concentrations and #Weight Loss on Adipose Tissue Direct Free Fatty Acid Storage Rates
https://2medical.news/2021/07/27/influence-of-free-fatty-acid-concentrations-and-weight-loss-on-adipose-tissue-direct-free-fatty-acid-storage-rates/
https://2medical.news/2021/07/27/influence-of-free-fatty-acid-concentrations-and-weight-loss-on-adipose-tissue-direct-free-fatty-acid-storage-rates/
2Medical.News
Influence of Free #Fatty Acid Concentrations and #Weight Loss on Adipose Tissue Direct Free Fatty Acid Storage Rates
The factors that determine the recycling of free fatty acids (FFA) back into different adipose tissue depots via the direct storage pathway are not completely understood. ObjectiveTo assess the int…
Using an erythrocyte #fatty acid fingerprint to predict risk of all-cause #mortality: the Framingham Offspring Cohort
https://2medical.news/2021/08/03/using-an-erythrocyte-fatty-acid-fingerprint-to-predict-risk-of-all-cause-mortality-the-framingham-offspring-cohort/
https://2medical.news/2021/08/03/using-an-erythrocyte-fatty-acid-fingerprint-to-predict-risk-of-all-cause-mortality-the-framingham-offspring-cohort/
2Medical.News
Using an erythrocyte #fatty acid fingerprint to predict risk of all-cause #mortality: the Framingham Offspring Cohort
RBC long-chain omega-3 (n–3) fatty acid (FA) percentages (of total fatty acids) are associated with lower risk for total mortality, but it is unknown if a suite of FAs could improve risk prediction…
A Meta-Analysis on the Global Prevalence, Risk factors and Screening of Coronary #Heart Disease in Non-alcoholic #Fatty Liver Disease
https://2medical.news/2021/09/25/a-meta-analysis-on-the-global-prevalence-risk-factors-and-screening-of-coronary-heart-disease-in-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease/
https://2medical.news/2021/09/25/a-meta-analysis-on-the-global-prevalence-risk-factors-and-screening-of-coronary-heart-disease-in-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease/
2Medical.News
A Meta-Analysis on the Global Prevalence, Risk factors and Screening of Coronary #Heart Disease in Non-alcoholic #Fatty Liver Disease
Background and AimsCardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of death in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Studies examining the association of coronary heart disease …
Efficacy and safety of PXL770, a direct AMP kinase activator, for the treatment of non-alcoholic #fatty liver disease (STAMP-NAFLD): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2a study
https://2medical.news/2021/09/27/efficacy-and-safety-of-pxl770-a-direct-amp-kinase-activator-for-the-treatment-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-stamp-nafld-a-randomised-double-blind-placebo-controlled-phase-2a-study/
https://2medical.news/2021/09/27/efficacy-and-safety-of-pxl770-a-direct-amp-kinase-activator-for-the-treatment-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-stamp-nafld-a-randomised-double-blind-placebo-controlled-phase-2a-study/
2Medical.News
Efficacy and safety of PXL770, a direct AMP kinase activator, for the treatment of non-alcoholic #fatty liver disease (STAMP-NAFLD):…
AMP kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor implicated in regulation of lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin sensitivity. We aimed to assess efficacy and safety of PXL770, a novel direct AMPK acti…
Serum Nonesterified #Fatty Acids and Incident #Stroke: The CHS
https://2medical.news/2021/11/14/serum-nonesterified-fatty-acids-and-incident-stroke-the-chs/
https://2medical.news/2021/11/14/serum-nonesterified-fatty-acids-and-incident-stroke-the-chs/
2Medical.News
Serum Nonesterified #Fatty Acids and Incident #Stroke: The CHS
Significant associations between total nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations and incident stroke have been reported in some prospective cohort studies. We evaluated the associations betwee…
High #parathyroid hormone level as a marker of non-alcoholic #fatty #liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
https://2medical.news/2023/08/15/high-parathyroid-hormone-level-as-a-marker-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-and-non-alcoholic-steatohepatitis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/
https://2medical.news/2023/08/15/high-parathyroid-hormone-level-as-a-marker-of-non-alcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-and-non-alcoholic-steatohepatitis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/
2Medical.News
High #parathyroid hormone level as a marker of non-alcoholic #fatty #liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic…
Highlights•Studies have shown that high PTH was associated with NAFLD/NASH, although the results from existing studies are inconsistent.•Using systematic review, 10 and 4 studies reported the assoc…