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Effect of dose and duration of reduction in dietary #sodium on blood #pressure levels: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
... Each 50 mmol reduction in 24 hour sodium excretion was associated with a 1.10 mm Hg (0.66 to 1.54; P<0.001) reduction in SBP and a 0.33 mm Hg (0.04 to 0.63; P=0.03) reduction in DBP. Reductions in blood pressure were observed in diverse population subsets examined, including hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals. For the same reduction in 24 hour urinary sodium there was greater SBP reduction in older people, non-white populations, and those with higher baseline SBP levels. In trials of less than 15 days’ duration, each 50 mmol reduction in 24 hour urinary sodium excretion was associated with a 1.05 mm Hg (0.40 to 1.70; P=0.002) SBP fall, less than half the effect observed in studies of longer duration (2.13 mm Hg; 0.85 to 3.40; P=0.002). Otherwise, there was no association between trial duration and SBP reduction.
Conclusions The magnitude of blood pressure lowering achieved with sodium reduction showed a dose-response relation and was greater for older populations, non-white populations, and those with higher blood pressure. Short term studies underestimate the effect of sodium reduction on blood pressure.
https://bit.ly/2wIggzF
Effect of dose and duration of reduction in dietary #sodium on blood #pressure levels: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised trials
... Each 50 mmol reduction in 24 hour sodium excretion was associated with a 1.10 mm Hg (0.66 to 1.54; P<0.001) reduction in SBP and a 0.33 mm Hg (0.04 to 0.63; P=0.03) reduction in DBP. Reductions in blood pressure were observed in diverse population subsets examined, including hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals. For the same reduction in 24 hour urinary sodium there was greater SBP reduction in older people, non-white populations, and those with higher baseline SBP levels. In trials of less than 15 days’ duration, each 50 mmol reduction in 24 hour urinary sodium excretion was associated with a 1.05 mm Hg (0.40 to 1.70; P=0.002) SBP fall, less than half the effect observed in studies of longer duration (2.13 mm Hg; 0.85 to 3.40; P=0.002). Otherwise, there was no association between trial duration and SBP reduction.
Conclusions The magnitude of blood pressure lowering achieved with sodium reduction showed a dose-response relation and was greater for older populations, non-white populations, and those with higher blood pressure. Short term studies underestimate the effect of sodium reduction on blood pressure.
https://bit.ly/2wIggzF
The BMJ
Effect of dose and duration of reduction in dietary sodium on blood pressure levels: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised…
Objective To examine the dose-response relation between reduction in dietary sodium and blood pressure change and to explore the impact of intervention duration.
Design Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
Data sources Ovid MEDLINE(R)…
Design Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines.
Data sources Ovid MEDLINE(R)…
Blood #pressure in frail older adults: associations with #cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality
https://2medical.news/2020/03/17/blood-pressure-in-frail-older-adults-associations-with-cardiovascular-outcomes-and-all-cause-mortality/
Blood pressure (BP) management in frail older people is challenging. An randomised controlled trial of largely non-frail older people found cardiovascular and mortality benefit with systolic (S) BP target 150 mmHg. Associations with mortality varied between non-frail <85 and …
https://2medical.news/2020/03/17/blood-pressure-in-frail-older-adults-associations-with-cardiovascular-outcomes-and-all-cause-mortality/
Blood pressure (BP) management in frail older people is challenging. An randomised controlled trial of largely non-frail older people found cardiovascular and mortality benefit with systolic (S) BP target 150 mmHg. Associations with mortality varied between non-frail <85 and …
Large #thigh circumference is associated with lower blood #pressure in overweight and obese individuals: a community-based study
https://2medical.news/2020/04/21/large-thigh-circumference-is-associated-with-lower-blood-pressure-in-overweight-and-obese-individuals-a-community-based-study/
..A small thigh circumference is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between thigh circumference and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population. ..Thigh circumference was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol. Compared with the lowest thigh circumference tertile group, the risk …
https://2medical.news/2020/04/21/large-thigh-circumference-is-associated-with-lower-blood-pressure-in-overweight-and-obese-individuals-a-community-based-study/
..A small thigh circumference is associated with an increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and total mortality. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between thigh circumference and hypertension in the middle-aged and elderly population. ..Thigh circumference was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and total cholesterol. Compared with the lowest thigh circumference tertile group, the risk …
Blood #Pressure at 6 Months after Acute Myocardial #Infarction and Outcomes at 2 Years: The Perils Associated With Excessively Low Blood Pressures
https://2medical.news/2020/05/19/blood-pressure-at-6-months-after-acute-myocardial-infarction-and-outcomes-at-2-years-the-perils-associated-with-excessively-low-blood-pressures/
This study aimed to determine the association between achieved blood pressure at 6-month follow-up and cardiovascular outcomes at 2 years in patients treated with β-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).. ..Achieved blood pressures were categorized into 10-mm Hg increments. The primary outcome was all-cause death. The secondary outcome was a composite of all-cause death, MrI, and rHHF. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated …
https://2medical.news/2020/05/19/blood-pressure-at-6-months-after-acute-myocardial-infarction-and-outcomes-at-2-years-the-perils-associated-with-excessively-low-blood-pressures/
This study aimed to determine the association between achieved blood pressure at 6-month follow-up and cardiovascular outcomes at 2 years in patients treated with β-blockers and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone blockers after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).. ..Achieved blood pressures were categorized into 10-mm Hg increments. The primary outcome was all-cause death. The secondary outcome was a composite of all-cause death, MrI, and rHHF. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated …
The effect of #caloric restriction on blood #pressure and cardiovascular function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
https://2medical.news/2020/07/14/the-effect-of-caloric-restriction-on-blood-pressure-and-cardiovascular-function-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials/
Preclinical evidence suggests that caloric restriction is an effective therapy for a number of cardiovascular insults. Whether caloric restriction has cardio-protective effects in humans is not well understood. The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze human randomized control trials (RCTs) testing the effect of caloric restriction on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular function.. ..Thirty-two RCTs with 1722 participants assessing BP (n = 29 studies), …
https://2medical.news/2020/07/14/the-effect-of-caloric-restriction-on-blood-pressure-and-cardiovascular-function-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials/
Preclinical evidence suggests that caloric restriction is an effective therapy for a number of cardiovascular insults. Whether caloric restriction has cardio-protective effects in humans is not well understood. The aim was to systematically review and meta-analyze human randomized control trials (RCTs) testing the effect of caloric restriction on blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular function.. ..Thirty-two RCTs with 1722 participants assessing BP (n = 29 studies), …
2Medical.News
The effect of caloric restriction on blood pressure and cardiovascular function: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized…
Preclinical evidence suggests that caloric restriction is an effective therapy for a number of cardiovascular insults. Whether caloric restriction has cardio-protective effects in humans is not wel…
Association Between the Gut #Microbiota and Blood #Pressure in a Population Cohort of 6953 Individuals
https://2medical.news/2020/08/17/association-between-the-gut-microbiota-and-blood-pressure-in-a-population-cohort-of-6953-individuals/
Several small‐scale animal studies have suggested that gut microbiota and blood pressure (BP) are linked. However, results from human studies remain scarce and conflicting. We wanted to elucidate the multivariable‐adjusted association between gut metagenome and BP in a large, representative, well‐phenotyped population sample. We performed a focused analysis to examine the previously reported inverse associations between sodium intake and Lactobacillus abundance and between Lactobacillus abundance …
https://2medical.news/2020/08/17/association-between-the-gut-microbiota-and-blood-pressure-in-a-population-cohort-of-6953-individuals/
Several small‐scale animal studies have suggested that gut microbiota and blood pressure (BP) are linked. However, results from human studies remain scarce and conflicting. We wanted to elucidate the multivariable‐adjusted association between gut metagenome and BP in a large, representative, well‐phenotyped population sample. We performed a focused analysis to examine the previously reported inverse associations between sodium intake and Lactobacillus abundance and between Lactobacillus abundance …
Genetic and Environmental Influences on Blood #Pressure and Body #Mass Index in the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council World War II Veteran Twin Registry
https://2medical.news/2020/10/13/genetic-and-environmental-influences-on-blood-pressure-and-body-mass-index-in-the-national-academy-of-sciences-national-research-council-world-war-ii-veteran-twin-registry/
Blood pressure (BP) and obesity phenotypes may covary due to shared genetic or environmental factors or both. Furthermore, it is possible that the heritability of BP differs according to obesity status—a form of G×E interaction. This hypothesis has never been tested in White twins. The present study included 15 924 White male twin pairs aged between 15 and 33 years from the National Academy of Sciences–National …
https://2medical.news/2020/10/13/genetic-and-environmental-influences-on-blood-pressure-and-body-mass-index-in-the-national-academy-of-sciences-national-research-council-world-war-ii-veteran-twin-registry/
Blood pressure (BP) and obesity phenotypes may covary due to shared genetic or environmental factors or both. Furthermore, it is possible that the heritability of BP differs according to obesity status—a form of G×E interaction. This hypothesis has never been tested in White twins. The present study included 15 924 White male twin pairs aged between 15 and 33 years from the National Academy of Sciences–National …
#Empagliflozin treatment effects across categories of baseline #HbA1c, body #weight and blood #pressure as an add‐on to metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes
https://2medical.news/2020/10/26/empagliflozin-treatment-effects-across-categories-of-baseline-hba1c-body-weight-and-blood-pressure-as-an-add%E2%80%90on-to-metformin-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes/
In EMPA‐REG MET, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on stable background metformin (≥1500 mg/day), empagliflozin versus placebo significantly improved glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight (BW), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) over 24 and ≤76 weeks. This analysis investigated empagliflozin treatment effects by baseline cardio‐metabolic factors.. ..In total, 637 patients (56.7% males; mean [SD] age 55.7 [9.9] years, HbA1c 7.9 [0.9] %, BW 81.2 …
https://2medical.news/2020/10/26/empagliflozin-treatment-effects-across-categories-of-baseline-hba1c-body-weight-and-blood-pressure-as-an-add%E2%80%90on-to-metformin-in-patients-with-type-2-diabetes/
In EMPA‐REG MET, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on stable background metformin (≥1500 mg/day), empagliflozin versus placebo significantly improved glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), body weight (BW), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) over 24 and ≤76 weeks. This analysis investigated empagliflozin treatment effects by baseline cardio‐metabolic factors.. ..In total, 637 patients (56.7% males; mean [SD] age 55.7 [9.9] years, HbA1c 7.9 [0.9] %, BW 81.2 …
Blood #Pressure Changes in 1610 Subjects With and Without Antihypertensive Medication During Long‐Term #Fasting
https://2medical.news/2020/12/08/blood-pressure-changes-in-1610-subjects-with-and-without-antihypertensive-medication-during-long%E2%80%90term-fasting/
We investigated daily blood pressure (BP) changes during fasting periods ranging from 4 to 41 (10.0±3.8) days in a cohort of 1610 subjects, including 920 normotensive, 313 hypertensive nonmedicated, and 377 hypertensive medicated individuals. Methods and Results Subjects underwent a multidisciplinary fasting program with a daily intake of ≈250 kcal. Weight and stress scores decreased during fasting, and the well‐being index increased, documenting a good …
https://2medical.news/2020/12/08/blood-pressure-changes-in-1610-subjects-with-and-without-antihypertensive-medication-during-long%E2%80%90term-fasting/
We investigated daily blood pressure (BP) changes during fasting periods ranging from 4 to 41 (10.0±3.8) days in a cohort of 1610 subjects, including 920 normotensive, 313 hypertensive nonmedicated, and 377 hypertensive medicated individuals. Methods and Results Subjects underwent a multidisciplinary fasting program with a daily intake of ≈250 kcal. Weight and stress scores decreased during fasting, and the well‐being index increased, documenting a good …
Association between circulating #vascular-related microRNAs and an increase in blood #pressure: a 5-year longitudinal population-based study
https://2medical.news/2020/12/14/association-between-circulating-vascular-related-micrornas-and-an-increase-in-blood-pressure-a-5-year-longitudinal-population-based-study/
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play essential roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Previous cross-sectional studies showed that the levels of several circulating miRNA are associated with hypertension, but there are no prospective longitudinal studies using a general population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of circulating vascular-related miRNA (miR-126, miR-221, and miR-222) on …
https://2medical.news/2020/12/14/association-between-circulating-vascular-related-micrornas-and-an-increase-in-blood-pressure-a-5-year-longitudinal-population-based-study/
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression and play essential roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Previous cross-sectional studies showed that the levels of several circulating miRNA are associated with hypertension, but there are no prospective longitudinal studies using a general population. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of circulating vascular-related miRNA (miR-126, miR-221, and miR-222) on …