Prior #Dietary Practices and Connections to a Human Gut #Microbial Metacommunity Alter Responses to Diet Interventions
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931312816305170?via%3Dihub
Certain DPs may impair responses to dietary interventions, necessitating the introduction of diet-responsive bacterial lineages present in other individuals and identified using the strategies described.
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931312816305170?via%3Dihub
Certain DPs may impair responses to dietary interventions, necessitating the introduction of diet-responsive bacterial lineages present in other individuals and identified using the strategies described.
#SGLT2 inhibitor use and #dietary carbohydrate intake in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, open-label, 3-arm parallel comparative exploratory study
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.12848/abstract
In conclusion, luseogliflozin has similar efficacy and safety in Japanese T2D individuals when meals contain 40-55% TEC, but a strict low-carbohydrate diet on this class of drug should be avoided to prevent SGLT2 inhibitor-associated diabetic ketoacidosis.
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dom.12848/abstract
In conclusion, luseogliflozin has similar efficacy and safety in Japanese T2D individuals when meals contain 40-55% TEC, but a strict low-carbohydrate diet on this class of drug should be avoided to prevent SGLT2 inhibitor-associated diabetic ketoacidosis.
Wiley
SGLT2 inhibitor use and dietary carbohydrate intake in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomized, open‐label, 3‐arm…
This study investigated safety and efficacy of the SGLT2 inhibitor luseogliflozin under differing carbohydrate intake in Japanese individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Subjects were randomly assigned...
Association of #Dietary Patterns With Risk of Colorectal #Cancer Subtypes Classified by Fusobacterium Nucleatum in Tumor Tissue
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2598745
Prudent diets rich in whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with a lower risk for F nucleatum–positive colorectal cancer but not F nucleatum–negative cancer, supporting a potential role for intestinal microbiota in mediating the association between diet and colorectal neoplasms.
http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaoncology/article-abstract/2598745
Prudent diets rich in whole grains and dietary fiber are associated with a lower risk for F nucleatum–positive colorectal cancer but not F nucleatum–negative cancer, supporting a potential role for intestinal microbiota in mediating the association between diet and colorectal neoplasms.
#Dietary sources of cumulative #phthalates exposure among the U.S. general population in NHANES 2005–2014
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017314666
We observed a consistent positive association between dining out and Σandrogen-disruptor levels across the study population (p-trend <0.0001). Among adolescents, high consumers of foods outside the home had 55% (95% CI: 35%, 78%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels compared to those who only consumed food at home. The contribution of specific dining out sources to Σandrogen-disruptor levels varied by age group. For example, cafeteria food was associated with 15% (95% CI: 4.0%, 28%) and 64% (95% CI: 40%, 92%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels in children and adults, respectively. Particular foods, especially sandwiches (i.e. cheeseburgers), were associated with increased Σandrogen-disruptor levels only if they were purchased away from home (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Dining out may be an important source of biologically relevant cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. population. Future studies should evaluate modifiable production practices that remove phthalates from the food supply in addition to the efficacy of interventions that promote eating fresh foods prepared at home
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412017314666
We observed a consistent positive association between dining out and Σandrogen-disruptor levels across the study population (p-trend <0.0001). Among adolescents, high consumers of foods outside the home had 55% (95% CI: 35%, 78%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels compared to those who only consumed food at home. The contribution of specific dining out sources to Σandrogen-disruptor levels varied by age group. For example, cafeteria food was associated with 15% (95% CI: 4.0%, 28%) and 64% (95% CI: 40%, 92%) higher Σandrogen-disruptor levels in children and adults, respectively. Particular foods, especially sandwiches (i.e. cheeseburgers), were associated with increased Σandrogen-disruptor levels only if they were purchased away from home (p < 0.01).
Conclusion
Dining out may be an important source of biologically relevant cumulative phthalates exposure among the U.S. population. Future studies should evaluate modifiable production practices that remove phthalates from the food supply in addition to the efficacy of interventions that promote eating fresh foods prepared at home
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Association of Clinical and Social Factors With Excess #Hypertension Risk in Black Compared With White US Adults
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2705187
The Southern #dietary pattern was the largest mediating factor for differences in the incidence of hypertension, accounting for 51.6% (95% CI, 18.8% to 84.4%) of the excess risk among black men and 29.2% (95% CI, 13.4% to 44.9%) of the excess risk among black women. Among black men, a higher dietary ratio of sodium to potassium and an education level of high school graduate or less each mediated 12.3% of the excess risk of incident hypertension. Among black women, higher body mass index mediated 18.3% of the excess risk; a larger waist, 15.2%; less adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, 11.2%; income level of $35 000 or less, 9.3%; higher dietary ratio of sodium to potassium, 6.8%; and an education level of high school graduate or less, 4.1%.
Conclusions
In a mediation analysis comparing incident hypertension among black adults vs white adults in the United States, key factors statistically mediating the racial difference for both men and women included Southern diet score, dietary ratio of sodium to potassium, and education level. Among women, waist circumference and body mass index also were key factors.
Association of Clinical and Social Factors With Excess #Hypertension Risk in Black Compared With White US Adults
https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2705187
The Southern #dietary pattern was the largest mediating factor for differences in the incidence of hypertension, accounting for 51.6% (95% CI, 18.8% to 84.4%) of the excess risk among black men and 29.2% (95% CI, 13.4% to 44.9%) of the excess risk among black women. Among black men, a higher dietary ratio of sodium to potassium and an education level of high school graduate or less each mediated 12.3% of the excess risk of incident hypertension. Among black women, higher body mass index mediated 18.3% of the excess risk; a larger waist, 15.2%; less adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, 11.2%; income level of $35 000 or less, 9.3%; higher dietary ratio of sodium to potassium, 6.8%; and an education level of high school graduate or less, 4.1%.
Conclusions
In a mediation analysis comparing incident hypertension among black adults vs white adults in the United States, key factors statistically mediating the racial difference for both men and women included Southern diet score, dietary ratio of sodium to potassium, and education level. Among women, waist circumference and body mass index also were key factors.
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#Sodium and #Potassium #Dietary Reference Intake Values Updated in New Report; Introduces New Category for Sodium Based on Chronic Disease Risk Reduction
http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=25353&_ga=2.210673559.303896039.1551797918-1521275022.1551797918
The updated sodium AIs are 110 mg daily for infants 0-6 months; 370 mg daily for infants 7-12 months; 800 mg daily for children ages 1-3; 1,000 mg daily for ages 4-8; 1,200 mg daily for ages 9-13; and 1,500 mg daily for ages 14 and older. There remains limited evidence on sodium intakes below 1,500 mg per day for adults, which prevented the committee that conducted the study from considering further reductions in the sodium AI.
For individuals ages 14 and older, the CDRR recommendation is to reduce sodium intakes if above 2,300 mg per day.
The updated potassium AIs are 400 mg daily for infants 0-6 months; 860 mg daily for infants 7-12 months; 2,000 mg daily for children ages 1-3; and 2,300 mg daily for ages 4-8. The potassium AIs for other age groups range from 2,300 to 3,400 mg per day, based on sex and life-stage groups.
#Sodium and #Potassium #Dietary Reference Intake Values Updated in New Report; Introduces New Category for Sodium Based on Chronic Disease Risk Reduction
http://www8.nationalacademies.org/onpinews/newsitem.aspx?RecordID=25353&_ga=2.210673559.303896039.1551797918-1521275022.1551797918
The updated sodium AIs are 110 mg daily for infants 0-6 months; 370 mg daily for infants 7-12 months; 800 mg daily for children ages 1-3; 1,000 mg daily for ages 4-8; 1,200 mg daily for ages 9-13; and 1,500 mg daily for ages 14 and older. There remains limited evidence on sodium intakes below 1,500 mg per day for adults, which prevented the committee that conducted the study from considering further reductions in the sodium AI.
For individuals ages 14 and older, the CDRR recommendation is to reduce sodium intakes if above 2,300 mg per day.
The updated potassium AIs are 400 mg daily for infants 0-6 months; 860 mg daily for infants 7-12 months; 2,000 mg daily for children ages 1-3; and 2,300 mg daily for ages 4-8. The potassium AIs for other age groups range from 2,300 to 3,400 mg per day, based on sex and life-stage groups.
www8.nationalacademies.org
Sodium and Potassium Dietary Reference Intake Values Updated in New Report; Introduces New Category for Sodium Based on Chronic…
A new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine reviews current evidence and updates intake recommendations known as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for sodium and potassium that were established in 2005.
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Health effects of #dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of #disease Study 2017
Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated.
Findings
In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 10–12) deaths and 255 million (234–274) DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1–5] deaths and 70 million [34–118] DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2–4] deaths and 82 million [59–109] DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1–4] deaths and 65 million [41–92] DALYs) were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates.
Interpretation
This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually.
Health effects of #dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of #disease Study 2017
Suboptimal diet is an important preventable risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs); however, its impact on the burden of NCDs has not been systematically evaluated.
Findings
In 2017, 11 million (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 10–12) deaths and 255 million (234–274) DALYs were attributable to dietary risk factors. High intake of sodium (3 million [1–5] deaths and 70 million [34–118] DALYs), low intake of whole grains (3 million [2–4] deaths and 82 million [59–109] DALYs), and low intake of fruits (2 million [1–4] deaths and 65 million [41–92] DALYs) were the leading dietary risk factors for deaths and DALYs globally and in many countries. Dietary data were from mixed sources and were not available for all countries, increasing the statistical uncertainty of our estimates.
Interpretation
This study provides a comprehensive picture of the potential impact of suboptimal diet on NCD mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for improving diet across nations. Our findings will inform implementation of evidence-based dietary interventions and provide a platform for evaluation of their impact on human health annually.
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Healthy #Dietary Patterns and Incidence of #CKD
A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2019/09/23/CJN.00530119
Healthy dietary patterns typically encouraged higher intakes of vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts, whole grains, fish and low-fat dairy, and lower intakes of red and processed meats, sodium, and sugar-sweetened beverages.
A healthy dietary pattern was associated with a lower incidence of CKD (odds ratio [OR] 0.70 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.60 to 0.82); I2=51%; eight studies), and incidence of albuminuria (OR 0.77, [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.99]; I2=37%); four studies). There appeared to be no significant association between healthy dietary patterns and eGFR decline (OR 0.70 [95% CI, 0.49 to 1.01], I2=49%; four studies).
Conclusions A healthy dietary pattern may prevent CKD and albuminuria.
Healthy #Dietary Patterns and Incidence of #CKD
A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies
https://cjasn.asnjournals.org/content/early/2019/09/23/CJN.00530119
Healthy dietary patterns typically encouraged higher intakes of vegetables, fruit, legumes, nuts, whole grains, fish and low-fat dairy, and lower intakes of red and processed meats, sodium, and sugar-sweetened beverages.
A healthy dietary pattern was associated with a lower incidence of CKD (odds ratio [OR] 0.70 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.60 to 0.82); I2=51%; eight studies), and incidence of albuminuria (OR 0.77, [95% CI, 0.59 to 0.99]; I2=37%); four studies). There appeared to be no significant association between healthy dietary patterns and eGFR decline (OR 0.70 [95% CI, 0.49 to 1.01], I2=49%; four studies).
Conclusions A healthy dietary pattern may prevent CKD and albuminuria.
American Society of Nephrology
Healthy Dietary Patterns and Incidence of CKD
Background and objectives Whether a healthy dietary pattern may prevent the incidence of developing CKD is unknown. This study evaluated the associations between dietary patterns and the incidence of CKD in adults and children.
Design, setting, participants…
Design, setting, participants…
#Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of #Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S.
https://2medical.news/2020/11/05/dietary-inflammatory-potential-and-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-among-men-and-women-in-the-u-s/
Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk We prospectively followed 74,578 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (1984–2016), 91,656 women from the NHSII (1991–2015), and 43,911 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2016) who were free of CVD and cancer …
https://2medical.news/2020/11/05/dietary-inflammatory-potential-and-risk-of-cardiovascular-disease-among-men-and-women-in-the-u-s/
Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk We prospectively followed 74,578 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) (1984–2016), 91,656 women from the NHSII (1991–2015), and 43,911 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986–2016) who were free of CVD and cancer …
Effects of two personalized #dietary strategies during a 2‐year intervention in subjects with nonalcoholic #fatty #liver disease: a randomized trial
https://2medical.news/2021/02/12/effects-of-two-personalized-dietary-strategies-during-a-2%E2%80%90year-intervention-in-subjects-with-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-a-randomized-trial/
Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods Ninety‐eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to …
https://2medical.news/2021/02/12/effects-of-two-personalized-dietary-strategies-during-a-2%E2%80%90year-intervention-in-subjects-with-nonalcoholic-fatty-liver-disease-a-randomized-trial/
Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods Ninety‐eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to …
Long-term #dietary patterns are associated with pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory features of the gut #microbiome
https://2medical.news/2021/04/24/long-term-dietary-patterns-are-associated-with-pro-inflammatory-and-anti-inflammatory-features-of-the-gut-microbiome/
The microbiome directly affects the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in the gut. As microbes thrive on dietary substrates, the question arises whether we can nourish an anti-inflammatory gut ecosystem. We aim to unravel interactions between diet, gut microbiota and their functional ability to induce intestinal inflammation. Design We investigated the relation between 173 dietary factors and the microbiome of 1425 individuals spanning four …
https://2medical.news/2021/04/24/long-term-dietary-patterns-are-associated-with-pro-inflammatory-and-anti-inflammatory-features-of-the-gut-microbiome/
The microbiome directly affects the balance of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses in the gut. As microbes thrive on dietary substrates, the question arises whether we can nourish an anti-inflammatory gut ecosystem. We aim to unravel interactions between diet, gut microbiota and their functional ability to induce intestinal inflammation. Design We investigated the relation between 173 dietary factors and the microbiome of 1425 individuals spanning four …
Adjunctive #dietary intervention for #bipolar disorder: a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, modified double-blinded trial of a high n-3 plus low n-6 diet
https://2medical.news/2021/10/10/adjunctive-dietary-intervention-for-bipolar-disorder-a-randomized-controlled-parallel-group-modified-double-blinded-trial-of-a-high-n-3-plus-low-n-6-diet/
https://2medical.news/2021/10/10/adjunctive-dietary-intervention-for-bipolar-disorder-a-randomized-controlled-parallel-group-modified-double-blinded-trial-of-a-high-n-3-plus-low-n-6-diet/
2Medical.News
Adjunctive #dietary intervention for #bipolar disorder: a randomized, controlled, parallel-group, modified double-blinded trial…
To investigate the preliminary efficacy of a high n-3 plus low n-6 (H3-L6) dietary intervention in improving mood stability in Bipolar Disorder (BD) when compared to dietary intervention with usual…
2021 #Dietary Guidance to Improve #Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
https://2medical.news/2021/11/12/2021-dietary-guidance-to-improve-cardiovascular-health-a-scientific-statement-from-the-american-heart-association/
https://2medical.news/2021/11/12/2021-dietary-guidance-to-improve-cardiovascular-health-a-scientific-statement-from-the-american-heart-association/
2Medical.News
2021 #Dietary Guidance to Improve #Cardiovascular Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Poor diet quality is strongly associated with elevated risk of cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. This scientific statement emphasizes the importance of dietary patterns beyond individ…
OXR1 maintains the retromer to delay brain #aging under #dietary restriction
https://2medical.news/2024/01/23/oxr1-maintains-the-retromer-to-delay-brain-aging-under-dietary-restriction/
https://2medical.news/2024/01/23/oxr1-maintains-the-retromer-to-delay-brain-aging-under-dietary-restriction/
2Medical.News
OXR1 maintains the retromer to delay brain #aging under #dietary restriction
Dietary restriction (DR) delays aging, but the mechanism remains unclear. We identified polymorphisms in mtd, the fly homolog of OXR1, which influenced lifespan and mtd expression in response to DR…
#Dietary inflammatory index and MRI-detected #knee structural change and pain: a 10.7-year follow-up study
https://2medical.news/2024/02/12/dietary-inflammatory-index-and-mri-detected-knee-structural-change-and-pain-a-10-7-year-follow-up-study/
https://2medical.news/2024/02/12/dietary-inflammatory-index-and-mri-detected-knee-structural-change-and-pain-a-10-7-year-follow-up-study/
2Medical.News
#Dietary inflammatory index and MRI-detected #knee structural change and pain: a 10.7-year follow-up study
To determine whether the dietary inflammatory index (DII®) scores were associated with knee structural changes and pain over a 10.7-year follow-up.MethodsThis study utilised data from a prospective…