Balancing the Benefits and #Harms of Electronic #Cigarettes: A National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine Report
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2672813/balancing-benefits-harms-electronic-cigarettes-national-academies-science-engineering-medicine
Few subjects in medicine or public health elicit as much controversy as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) (1). These nicotine delivery devices heat a liquid that contains nicotine, a solvent (propylene glycol or vegetable glycerin), and flavorings, producing an aerosol that the user inhales or “vapes” (2). E-cigarettes should pose fewer health risks than cigarettes because they do not burn tobacco or expose users to the known toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke (2). Both cigarettes and e-cigarettes expose users to nicotine, but the products of combustion, rather than nicotine itself, are primarily responsible for tobacco-attributable harms (3
http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2672813/balancing-benefits-harms-electronic-cigarettes-national-academies-science-engineering-medicine
Few subjects in medicine or public health elicit as much controversy as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) (1). These nicotine delivery devices heat a liquid that contains nicotine, a solvent (propylene glycol or vegetable glycerin), and flavorings, producing an aerosol that the user inhales or “vapes” (2). E-cigarettes should pose fewer health risks than cigarettes because they do not burn tobacco or expose users to the known toxic chemicals in tobacco smoke (2). Both cigarettes and e-cigarettes expose users to nicotine, but the products of combustion, rather than nicotine itself, are primarily responsible for tobacco-attributable harms (3
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Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco #Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes
E-cigarette (EC) use is increasing exponentially worldwide. The early cardiovascular effects of switching from tobacco cigarettes (TC) to EC in chronic smokers is unknown. Meta-analysis of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) studies indicate 13% lower pooled, adjusted relative risks of cardiovascular events with every 1% improvement in FMD.
..The authors conducted a prospective, randomized control trial with a parallel nonrandomized preference cohort and blinded endpoint of smokers ≥18 years of age who had smoked ≥15 cigarettes/day for ≥2 years and were free from established cardiovascular disease. Participants were randomized to EC with nicotine or EC without nicotine for 1 month..
..Results Within 1 month of switching from TC to EC, there was a significant improvement in endothelial function (linear trend β = 0.73%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41 to 1.05; p < 0.0001; TC vs. EC combined: 1.49%; 95% CI: 0.93 to 2.04; p < 0.0001) and vascular stiffness (−0.529 m/s; 95% CI: −0.946 to −0.112; p = 0.014). Females benefited from switching more than males did in every between-group comparison. Those who complied best with EC switch demonstrated the largest improvement. There was no difference in vascular effects between EC with and without nicotine within the study timeframe.
Conclusions TC smokers, particularly females, demonstrate significant improvement in vascular health within 1 month of switching from TC to EC. Switching from TC to EC may be considered a harms reduction measure.
https://bit.ly/2EuvWr6
Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco #Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes
E-cigarette (EC) use is increasing exponentially worldwide. The early cardiovascular effects of switching from tobacco cigarettes (TC) to EC in chronic smokers is unknown. Meta-analysis of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) studies indicate 13% lower pooled, adjusted relative risks of cardiovascular events with every 1% improvement in FMD.
..The authors conducted a prospective, randomized control trial with a parallel nonrandomized preference cohort and blinded endpoint of smokers ≥18 years of age who had smoked ≥15 cigarettes/day for ≥2 years and were free from established cardiovascular disease. Participants were randomized to EC with nicotine or EC without nicotine for 1 month..
..Results Within 1 month of switching from TC to EC, there was a significant improvement in endothelial function (linear trend β = 0.73%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.41 to 1.05; p < 0.0001; TC vs. EC combined: 1.49%; 95% CI: 0.93 to 2.04; p < 0.0001) and vascular stiffness (−0.529 m/s; 95% CI: −0.946 to −0.112; p = 0.014). Females benefited from switching more than males did in every between-group comparison. Those who complied best with EC switch demonstrated the largest improvement. There was no difference in vascular effects between EC with and without nicotine within the study timeframe.
Conclusions TC smokers, particularly females, demonstrate significant improvement in vascular health within 1 month of switching from TC to EC. Switching from TC to EC may be considered a harms reduction measure.
https://bit.ly/2EuvWr6
JACC: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Cardiovascular Effects of Switching From Tobacco Cigarettes to Electronic Cigarettes
Background E-cigarette (EC) use is increasing exponentially worldwide. The early cardiovascular effects of switching from tobacco cigarettes (TC) to EC in chronic smokers is unknown. Meta-analysis of flow-mediated dilation (FMD) studies indicate 13% lower…
Adverse effects of electronic #cigarettes on the disease-naive oral #microbiome
https://2medical.news/2020/06/01/adverse-effects-of-electronic-cigarettes-on-the-disease-naive-oral-microbiome/
Six percent of Americans, including 3 million high schoolers, use e-cigarettes, which contain potentially toxic substances, volatile organic compounds, and metals. We present the first human study on the effects of e-cigarette exposure in the oral cavity. By interrogating both immunoinflammatory responses and microbial functional dynamics, we discovered pathogen overrepresentation, higher virulence signatures, and a brisk proinflammatory signal in clinically healthy e-cigarette users, equivalent to …
https://2medical.news/2020/06/01/adverse-effects-of-electronic-cigarettes-on-the-disease-naive-oral-microbiome/
Six percent of Americans, including 3 million high schoolers, use e-cigarettes, which contain potentially toxic substances, volatile organic compounds, and metals. We present the first human study on the effects of e-cigarette exposure in the oral cavity. By interrogating both immunoinflammatory responses and microbial functional dynamics, we discovered pathogen overrepresentation, higher virulence signatures, and a brisk proinflammatory signal in clinically healthy e-cigarette users, equivalent to …