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Endogenous Sex #Hormones and Incident #Cardiovascular Disease in Post-Menopausal Women

http://www.onlinejacc.org/content/71/22/2555


The mean age was 64.9 ± 8.9 years. During 12.1 years of follow-up, 283 CVD, 171 CHD, and 103 HF incident events occurred. In multivariable-adjusted models, the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval CI) associated with 1 SD greater log-transformed sex hormone level for the respective outcomes of CVD, CHD, and HF were as follows: total testosterone: 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.29), 1.20 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.40), 1.09 (95% CI: 0.90 to 1.34); estradiol: 0.94 (95% CI: 0.80 to 1.11), 0.77 (95% CI: 0.63 to 0.95), 0.78 (95% CI: 0.60 to 1.02); and testosterone/estradiol ratio: 1.19 (95% CI: 1.02 to 1.40), 1.45 (95% CI: 1.19 to 1.78), 1.31 (95% CI: 1.01 to 1.70). Dehydroepiandrosterone and SHBG levels were not associated with these outcomes.

Conclusions Among post-menopausal women, a higher testosterone/estradiol ratio was associated with an elevated risk for incident CVD, CHD, and HF events, higher levels of testosterone associated with increased CVD and CHD, whereas higher estradiol levels were associated with a lower CHD risk. Sex hormone levels after menopause are associated with women’s increased CVD risk later in life

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Cross-sex #Hormones and Acute #Cardiovascular Events in Transgender Persons: A Cohort Study

http://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2687653/cross-sex-hormones-acute-cardiovascular-events-transgender-persons-cohort-study

Transfeminine participants had a higher incidence of VTE, with 2- and 8-year risk differences of 4.1 (95% CI, 1.6 to 6.7) and 16.7 (CI, 6.4 to 27.5) per 1000 persons relative to cisgender men and 3.4 (CI, 1.1 to 5.6) and 13.7 (CI, 4.1 to 22.7) relative to cisgender women. The overall analyses for ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction demonstrated similar incidence across groups. More pronounced differences for VTE and ischemic stroke were observed among transfeminine participants who initiated hormone therapy during follow-up. The evidence was insufficient to allow conclusions regarding risk among transmasculine participants.

Conclusion:
The patterns of increases in VTE and ischemic stroke rates among transfeminine persons are not consistent with those observed in cisgender women. These results may indicate the need for long-term vigilance in identifying vascular side effects of cross-sex estrogen.

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Sex Steroid #Hormones and #Asthma in a Nationwide Study of U.S. Adults

Women have a higher burden of asthma than men. Although sex hormones may explain sex differences in asthma, their role is unclear..

..Free testosterone levels in the fourth quartile were associated with lower odds of current asthma in women (odds ratio [OR] for the fourth quartile [Q4] vs. Q1, 0.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39–0.80). Given an interaction between obesity and sex hormones on current asthma, we stratified the analysis by obesity. In this analysis, elevated free testosterone (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.37–0.91) and estradiol (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.23–0.78) levels were associated with reduced odds of current asthma in obese women, and an elevated serum estradiol was associated with lower odds of current asthma in nonobese men (OR for Q4 vs. Q1, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.21–0.90).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that sex hormones play a role in known sex differences in asthma in adults. Moreover, our results suggest that obesity modifies the effects of sex hormones on asthma in adults.

https://bit.ly/38mpK1d

Associations of #sex-related and #thyroid-related #hormones with risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty #liver disease in T2DM patients

https://2medical.news/2024/07/16/associations-of-sex-related-and-thyroid-related-hormones-with-risk-of-metabolic-dysfunction-associated-fatty-liver-disease-in-t2dm-patients/