🔹Slide : Microscopic picture of Esophagus


🔹Diagnosis: Barret's esophagus"columnar metaplasia" (metaplasia due to Gastroesophageal reflux)


🔹Characteristics:
Pink color appearance of esophageal wall above the esophagogastric junction

🔘Note :
Normal color of esophageal mucosa appears grayish-white because it is lined with stratified squamous epithelium. While gastric mucosa appears pink because it lined with columnar epithelium So if the color of esophageal mucosa turns to Pink that indicates transformation of stratified squamous epithelium into columnar cells (columnar metaplasia)
طبعا في الحالة الطبيعية يكون لون الطبقة المخاطية المبطنة للبلعوم بيضاء رمادية لانها مبطنة بالنسيج الطلائي الحرشفي الطبقي بينما الطبقة المخاطية المبطنة للمعدة تكون لونها زهري لانها مبطنة بنسيج طلائي عمودي
وعندما يتغير لون الغشاء المخاطي المبطن للبلعوم الى اللون الزهري هذا يدل على انه حدث تحول من النسيج الحرشفي الطبقي الى العمودي
وهو مايسمى بـ ( columnar metaplasia)

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🔹Slide : Microscopic picture of bronchus


🔹Diagnosis: Squamous metaplasia of bronchus


🔹Characteristics:

Transformation of normal bronchial epithelium (from Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium into stratified squamous epithelium) in state of chronic smokers...


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♦️🔥Pictures & Slides of Adaptation🔥

👆👆

🔥 Slides in Pathology 👉cell injury🔥

Following 👇

Karyorrhexis

🔸Slide of: Injured cell with affected nucleus, in 2nd phase
of nuclear damage (with Electron microscope)

🔶- Diagnosis:
Irreversible cell injury

🔸- Characteristic features:
Fragmentation of nucleus and the condensed chromatin

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🔸- Slide of: Injured cell, with affected Mitochondria
(with Electrone microscope)

🔸- Diagnosis :
Irreversible cell injury

🔸- Characteristic features :
Swollen Mitochondria , with Dark and large dense
bodies inside it .
🔸B - Changes in nucleus in irreversible cell injury ( lead to
cell necrosis ) by three Phases :
• Pyknosis
• Karyorrhexis
• Karyolysis ... As follow 
__

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Pyknosis

🔸Slide of: Injured cell with affected nucleus, in 1st phase
of nuclear damage (with electron microscope)

🔸- Diagnosis:
Irreversible cell injury

🔸- Characteristic features:
Condensed chromatin inside the nucleus "Pyknosis

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Karyolysis

🔸Slide of: Injured cell with affected nucleus , in 3rd phase of
nuclear damage (with electron microscope)

🔸-Diagnosis :
Irreversible cell injury

🔸-Characteristic features :
Dissolution of chromatin "Karyolysis" , there is fluid in the
site of nucleus give (Soup appearance).
____

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Coagulative necrosis



🔸Gross picture of Kidney (by observation of cortex &
medulla)

🔸- Diagnosis:
Area of infarction in Kidney (Coagulative necrosis)

🔸- Characteristic features:
Pale wedge-shape area, Yellow in color, with preserved
outline and apex directed inward "which determine the
place of occluded Blood vessel" and base directed toward the outer surface..🌹🌹

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🔸- Slide: Kidney (Microscopic picture)
ميزناها من خالل وجود ال Glomerulus التي ال توجد اال في الكلية.
🔸- Diagnosis:
Coagulative necrosis in Kidney

🔸- Characteristic features:
Dead tubular cells, There s preservation of their outline
and Architecture, with no observed nucleus
أي تظهر حدود الخاليا ولكن تختفي تفاصيل الخاليا والنواة بداخله

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🔸Slide: Liver (Microscope picture)

🔸- Diagnosis:
Coagulative necrosis in Liver

🔸- Characteristic features:
Dead hepatocytes (Around central vein), With preserved
Architecture and No nucleus.

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Liquefactive necrosis


- 🔹Gross picture of Brain
• ( ميزناها من خالل وجود Grey & white matters التي ال توجد إال في
الدماغ ) .
-🔹 Diagnosis:
Area of infarction in Brain (Liquefactive necrosis)

🔹- Characteristic features:
Area with cavity fill with fluid.
That may be due to hemorrhage, thrombosis ...etc. .

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🔸Slide: Brain

🔸- Diagnosis:
Liquefactive necrosis in Brain

🔸- Characteristic features:
Cavity filled with fluid, leukocytes and necrotic cells.
_

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🔸Gross picture of Lung

🔸- Diagnosis:
Caseous necrosis in Lung (Mainly due to TB, in 95% of
cases)

🔸- Characteristic features:
Semisolid, dry material has feel of cheese (cheesy like metatarsal

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🔸Slide: Lung (Microscopic picture)

🔸- Diagnosis:
Caseous Necrosis (mainly associated with TB in lung)

🔸- Characteristic features:
Area characterized by Granulomas surround
(Granular, eosinophil "pink" , Structureless Tissue and
outline of cells are NOT preserved *).
*أي لا يمكن تمييز الخلايا واشكالها وحدودها لكن نميز ظهور ما يشبه
الحبيبات وهذا الفارق بينها وبين fibrinoid

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🔥Parasites life cycles 🔥

⬅️مخططات لدورة حياة الباراسايت
🔘Protozoa
🔘Nematodes
🔘cestodae
🔘Trematodes
لتسهيل الفهم بطريقة رائعة🤩✨

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🔥🤩باراسايت USML1 🤩🔥

🔘 جداول تتضمن الاشياء المهمة والمفيدة لمادة الباراسايت سواء العملي او النظري✨✨

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🔘Para. Lab

🔷Slides in Nematodes 🔷
👇👇👇👇

🔘Ascaris lumbericoides👇