مرحبا طلاب…………
1-انفتح التسجيل ع كورس الكسور ان شاء الله،

2-سعر الاشتراك 15 الف دينار للطالب الواحد واذا اكثر يصير ع 10 لكل طالب.، الكورس يفيد خامس وسادس

3-الكورس يشمل جميع محاضرات الكسور
trauma,diseases

4-المحاضرات المشروحه هي خاصه بطب الانبار، واكو محاضره مجانيه اذا احد يحب يشوف الشرح هذه رابط الكورس
(https://medmasters.app/item/course/1206)

5-طريقة الاشتراك عن طريق ماستر كارد تحويل (6425473680)وارسال صوره لعملية التحويل حتى يتم الاضافه

6-المحاضرات مرفوعه ع برنامج medmaster
2-IOS—https://apps.apple.com/us/app/medmasters/id6447317197)

7-كل مشترك بعد الدفع يوصله كوود يستخدم لجهاز واحد فقط مجرد ادخال الكود يتفعل الكورس
داخل التطبيق تختارون حساب اسمه Ameer lectures
بس تدخلون الكوود الي اني ادزه يتفعل الكورس ان شاء الله
1-وهذه معرفي @amory129

أمير من العشرة الأوائل عالكلية وكلش خوش يشرح (باعتباره الـ roommate ف جنة مستغليه أبشع استغلال)

بتخرجي جان لازم اشكر الله وأهلي (وأمير)

Different types of aphasia

BPH management

Mild symptoms (no major discomfort or complications):
→ Watchful waiting — just monitor and make lifestyle changes (less fluids at night, avoid caffeine, etc.).

Moderate symptoms (bothersome but no damage to bladder/kidneys):
→ Medical therapy — start medications like alpha-blockers or 5-alpha reductase inhibitors.

Severe symptoms or complications (e.g., urinary retention, infections, kidney problems):
→ Surgical intervention — procedures like TURP or laser prostatectomy.

Medical Therapy

(A) Alpha-1 Adrenergic Blockers

First-line therapy for moderate to severe LUTS

Examples:
• Tamsulosin
• Alfuzosin


Mechanism: Relax smooth muscle in bladder neck and prostate → improve urine flow.
Adverse effects: Postural hypotension, dizziness, retrograde ejaculation.

5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors

Used when prostate is enlarged (>40 mL)

Examples:
• Finasteride
• Dutasteride

Mechanism: Block conversion of testosterone → DHT → reduces prostate volume.
Effect: Takes 3–6 months to work.
Adverse effects: Decreased libido, erectile dysfunction.

Combination Therapy

Alpha-blocker + 5-alpha reductase inhibitor
• For patients with large prostates and severe symptoms.

Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors

Example: Tadalafil
• Improves LUTS and erectile dysfunction simultaneously.
• Sometimes combined with alpha-blocker.

Surgical & Minimally Invasive Options

TURP (Transurethral Resection of Prostate)
Gold standard for prostates <80 g. Removes obstructing tissue.


Open Prostatectomy
For very large glands (>80–100 g)


Catheterization (temporary)
For acute urinary retention or poor surgical candidates.

UroLift
Small–medium prostate, no large median lobe
Preserves ejaculation and erection

Rezum (steam ablation)
Small–medium prostate, mild median lobe
Durable results, minimal sexual side effects

TUNA / TUMT (heat or microwave)
Patients unfit for surgery or anesthesia

persistence or recurrence of biliary or gastrointestinal symptoms after removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy).
These symptoms can appear immediately after surgery or months to years later.

Most common cause Retained common bile duct (CBD) stone
Stone left behind during surgery or newly formed after surgery.

Thats may lead Ascending cholangitis is a bacterial infection of the biliary tree (bile ducts), usually caused by bile duct obstruction that allows bacteria to ascend from the duodenum into the biliary system.
It’s a life-threatening emergency that requires urgent management.

ملاحظه ممكن يصير
Ascending cholangitis
بدون منشيل gallbladder وهنا ممكن شي اليفدنا حتى نفرق هو Destination of
gallbladder

Courvoisier’s Law
“In a patient with obstructive jaundice and a palpable, non-tender gallbladder, the cause is unlikely to be gallstones.”

It means:
If the gallbladder is enlarged and not painful, the obstruction is probably due to a malignant process — not gallstones.
سو لازم افكر ca حتى يثبت العكس