The most common drugs that cause drug-induced SLE are:
• Hydralazine
• Procainamide
• Quinine
• Isoniazid
• Minocycline.

Drugs most commonly associated with drug-induced Subacute Cutaneous Lupus (SCLE) include:
• Calcium-channel blockers
• Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
• Thiazide diuretics
• TNF-alpha antagonists. 

Source: Gynaecology By Ten Teachers
18th edition

Stages:
• Non-Proliferative (NPDR)
• Proliferative (PDR)
• Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)

Pathophysiology of NPDR

ممتأكد، بس اعتقد هذا البيشنت عنده DME همين

Pathophysiology of PDR

Pathophysiology of DME

Renal disease, as evidenced by proteinuria and elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)/creatinine levels, is an excellent predictor of retinopathy; both conditions are caused by DM-related microangiopathies, and the presence and severity of one reflects that of the other. Aggressive treatment of the nephropathy may slow progression of diabetic retinopathy and neovascular glaucoma.

Glycated IgG is associated with inflammation and is a target for auto-antibodies in rheumatoid arthritis patients

Just look at how beautiful it is