Arcuate fasciculus: connects Broca's with Wernicke's area.

Internal Arcuate tract: connects the dorsal column nuclei with the thalamus.

Anterior/posterior External Arcuate tract: connects the dorsal column nuclei with the pons & the cerebellum.

Arcuate nucleus: I don't even know where that is

Medial Lemniscus: the continuation of the internal arcuate tract outside the medulla is named the medial lemniscus. It connects the dorsal column nuclei with the thalamus.

Lateral Lemniscus: connects the auditory nuclei (superior olivary & cochlear) with the inferior colliculi.

Pseudo-hypertrophy

It happens in muscular dystrophy.

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A history lesson & a neuroanatomy lesson

Bulbar palsy

Also, unrelated:

Spinal shock is a commonly used term that represents a lack of descending facilitation after upper motor neuron lesions.
It is sometimes difficult to clinically distinguish between upper and lower motor neuron lesions after spinal cord injury due to spinal shock.

It causes signs and symptoms like flaccid paralysis, hypotonia, and hyporeflexia that develop (within hours to weeks) to spasticity, hypertonia, and hyperreflexia.

The location of Broca's and Wernicke's area is in the left cerebral hemisphere for about 95% of right-handers and about 70% of left-handers.

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