🔴ADVERSE DRUG REACTION🔴
📌 ANTIHISTAMINES
Common Adverse Effects
• Drowsiness
°Dizziness
• Impaired coordination
• Headache
• Epigastric discomfort
• Thickened bronchial secretions
• Dry mucous membranes
• CNS stimulation, paradoxical
• Constipation
• Euphoria
• Ataxia
• Dysuria
• Urinary retention
• Hypotension
• Blurred vision
• Diplopia
• Palpitations
• Tachycardia
• Photosensitivity
• Diaphoresis
• Erectile dysfunction
• Early menses
• Anorexia
Serious Reactions
Anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reaction
• QT prolongation
• Anemia, hemolytic
• Thrombocytopenia
• Agranulocytosis
• Leukopenia
• Pancytopenia
• Arrhythmias
• Seizures
• Toxic psychosis
• Labyrinthitis, acute
• Heat stroke
📌 ANTIHISTAMINES
Common Adverse Effects
• Drowsiness
°Dizziness
• Impaired coordination
• Headache
• Epigastric discomfort
• Thickened bronchial secretions
• Dry mucous membranes
• CNS stimulation, paradoxical
• Constipation
• Euphoria
• Ataxia
• Dysuria
• Urinary retention
• Hypotension
• Blurred vision
• Diplopia
• Palpitations
• Tachycardia
• Photosensitivity
• Diaphoresis
• Erectile dysfunction
• Early menses
• Anorexia
Serious Reactions
Anaphylaxis/anaphylactoid reaction
• QT prolongation
• Anemia, hemolytic
• Thrombocytopenia
• Agranulocytosis
• Leukopenia
• Pancytopenia
• Arrhythmias
• Seizures
• Toxic psychosis
• Labyrinthitis, acute
• Heat stroke
MCQ NO 781 | Pharmacology
The complexation of Quinine with hexyl salicylate is an example of absorption by
The complexation of Quinine with hexyl salicylate is an example of absorption by
Anonymous Quiz
16%
(a) Convective transport
41%
(b) Facilitated transport
19%
(c) Penocytosis
24%
(d) Ion pair transport
MCQ NO 782 | Pharmacology
d-tubocurarine produces skeletal muscle relaxation by inhibiting
d-tubocurarine produces skeletal muscle relaxation by inhibiting
Anonymous Quiz
19%
(a) Ganglionic nicotinic receptors
14%
(b) Muscurinic receptors
63%
(c) Nicotinic receptors in neuromuscular junction
4%
(d) alpha-adrenergic receptors
MCQ NO 783 | pharmaceutics
In solid-solid mixing, large scale continuous type of mixer is
In solid-solid mixing, large scale continuous type of mixer is
Anonymous Quiz
33%
(a) Sigma blender
16%
(b) Ribbon blender
39%
(c) Zigzag blender
12%
(d) Twin shell blender
MCQ NO 784 | Pharmacognsy
In Aloe the mucilage containing parenchymatous cells are present in
In Aloe the mucilage containing parenchymatous cells are present in
Anonymous Quiz
51%
(a) Central parenchymatous region
24%
(b) Pericyclic cells
15%
(c) Epidermis
10%
(d) Vascular bundles
MCQ NO 785 | pharmacognsy
The fundamental principle "Law of similia" falls under which therapy
The fundamental principle "Law of similia" falls under which therapy
Anonymous Quiz
11%
(a) Ayurveda
16%
(b) Siddha
65%
(c) Homoeopathy
9%
(d) Aroma therapy
MCQ NO 786 | pharmaceutical jurisprudence
Standards to be complied under D & C act -1940 for drugs imported, manufactured, stocked and exhibited for sale or distribution are covered under
Standards to be complied under D & C act -1940 for drugs imported, manufactured, stocked and exhibited for sale or distribution are covered under
Anonymous Quiz
28%
(a) Schedule M
42%
(b) Second Schedule
16%
(c) First Schedule
14%
(d) Schedule L
MCQ NO 787 | Pharmacology
Auto rhythmicity is present in which of the following group of tissues ?
Auto rhythmicity is present in which of the following group of tissues ?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
(a) Skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle
22%
(b) Skeletal muscle and visceral smooth muscle
23%
(c) Cardiac muscle and neuronal tissue
40%
(d) Cardiac muscle and visceral smooth muscle
MCQ NO 788 | pharmaceutical biotechnology
During the denaturation cycle in polymerase chain reaction the temperature is raised to:
During the denaturation cycle in polymerase chain reaction the temperature is raised to:
Anonymous Quiz
58%
(a) 90 -98°C
17%
(b) 60 - 68°C
22%
(c) 70 - 78°C
3%
(d) 80 - 88°C
MCQ NO 789 | Pharmacology
Which one of the following is not a renal osteodystrophy (type of bone disease associated with chronic kidney disease) ?
Which one of the following is not a renal osteodystrophy (type of bone disease associated with chronic kidney disease) ?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
(a) Adynamic bone disease
31%
(b) Osteomalacia
45%
(c) Secondary hypoparathyroidism
9%
(d) Mixed renal osteodystrophy
MCQ NO 790 | Pharmacology
Identify antiarrhythmic drug that increases duration of QT wave and decreases the sinus rate, whereas it has no effect on QRS complex
Identify antiarrhythmic drug that increases duration of QT wave and decreases the sinus rate, whereas it has no effect on QRS complex
Anonymous Quiz
21%
(a) Lidocaine
34%
(b) Amiodarone
27%
(c) Verapamil
17%
(d) Quinidine
🔴DEFINITION
5-HT3 antagonist:
The 5-HT3 antagonists, informally known as "setrons", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain.
🔶Antagonist:
A substance that acts against and blocks an action.
🔶Agonist:
A substance that acts like another substance and therefore stimulates an action.
🔶Glidants:
The substance which is used to promote flow of tablets/powders by reducing friction between particles.
🔶Anti-adherents:
Which reduces sticking of any tablets to faces of punches.
5-HT3 antagonist:
The 5-HT3 antagonists, informally known as "setrons", are a class of drugs that act as receptor antagonists at the 5-HT3 receptor, a subtype of serotonin receptor found in terminals of the vagus nerve and in certain areas of the brain.
🔶Antagonist:
A substance that acts against and blocks an action.
🔶Agonist:
A substance that acts like another substance and therefore stimulates an action.
🔶Glidants:
The substance which is used to promote flow of tablets/powders by reducing friction between particles.
🔶Anti-adherents:
Which reduces sticking of any tablets to faces of punches.
🔴MECHANIAM OF ACTION🔴
📌 5HT3 ANTAGONISTS
Selective serotonin receptor (5-HT3) antagonists block serotonin both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals in the gastrointestinal (GI) system and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area postrema of the fourth ventricle, resulting in powerful antiemetic effects.
📌 5HT3 ANTAGONISTS
Selective serotonin receptor (5-HT3) antagonists block serotonin both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals in the gastrointestinal (GI) system and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area postrema of the fourth ventricle, resulting in powerful antiemetic effects.
🔴DEFINITION
🔶Certified colours :
The colours which are approved by FDC act to used in tablets is called as certified colours.
🔶 Bioavailability :
Amount of percentage of active drug that is being absorbed from the given dosage form and made available to the site of action.
🔶 Drug idiosyncrasy:
Unwanted abnormal reaction to the drug different from the expected reaction generally due to genetic deficiency.
🔶Certified colours :
The colours which are approved by FDC act to used in tablets is called as certified colours.
🔶 Bioavailability :
Amount of percentage of active drug that is being absorbed from the given dosage form and made available to the site of action.
🔶 Drug idiosyncrasy:
Unwanted abnormal reaction to the drug different from the expected reaction generally due to genetic deficiency.
🔴 MECHANISM OF ACTION🔴
📌 METOCLOPRAMIDE
◾Metoclopramide works by antagonizing central and peripheral dopamine two receptors in the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area postrema that are normally stimulated by levodopa or apomorphine.
◾ It achieves this by decreasing the sensitivity of visceral afferent nerves that transmit from the gastrointestinal system to the vomiting center in the area postrema in the chemoreceptor trigger zone.
📌ERGOTAMINE
◾It acts as a partial agonist and antagonist at alfa adrenergic and all subtype of 5HT1 anf 5HT2 receptor
◾It is a potent emetic and moderately potent oxytocic
📌 METOCLOPRAMIDE
◾Metoclopramide works by antagonizing central and peripheral dopamine two receptors in the medullary chemoreceptor trigger zone in the area postrema that are normally stimulated by levodopa or apomorphine.
◾ It achieves this by decreasing the sensitivity of visceral afferent nerves that transmit from the gastrointestinal system to the vomiting center in the area postrema in the chemoreceptor trigger zone.
📌ERGOTAMINE
◾It acts as a partial agonist and antagonist at alfa adrenergic and all subtype of 5HT1 anf 5HT2 receptor
◾It is a potent emetic and moderately potent oxytocic
🔴ADR OF SIMPLE ANALGESICS🔴
➡️Nausea
➡️Dyspepsia
🔴ADR OF NSAIDS🔴
➡️Ulcers
➡️Bleeding
➡️Kidney failure
➡️Rarely liver failure
🔴ADR OF ANTIEMETICS🔴
➡️Drowsiness
➡️Dry mouth
➡️Fatigue
➡️Constipation
➡️Tinnitus
➡️Muscle spasms
🔴ADR OF ERGOT ALKALOIDS🔴
➡️Nausea
➡️Vomiting
➡️Muscle pain
➡️Itching
➡️Numbness
➡️Rapid or slow heartbeat
➡️Nausea
➡️Dyspepsia
🔴ADR OF NSAIDS🔴
➡️Ulcers
➡️Bleeding
➡️Kidney failure
➡️Rarely liver failure
🔴ADR OF ANTIEMETICS🔴
➡️Drowsiness
➡️Dry mouth
➡️Fatigue
➡️Constipation
➡️Tinnitus
➡️Muscle spasms
🔴ADR OF ERGOT ALKALOIDS🔴
➡️Nausea
➡️Vomiting
➡️Muscle pain
➡️Itching
➡️Numbness
➡️Rapid or slow heartbeat
MCQ NO. 791 | Pharmacology
Insulin injection comes under the schedule
Insulin injection comes under the schedule
Anonymous Quiz
30%
A. G
49%
B. C
14%
C. P
7%
D. W
MCQ NO . 792 | pharmaceutical jurisprudence
For registration of pharmacist in the various states, the pharmacy act provides for the constitution of
For registration of pharmacist in the various states, the pharmacy act provides for the constitution of
Anonymous Quiz
38%
A. Central pharmacy Council
14%
B. Registration Tribunals
5%
C. Corporative Societies
43%
D. State Pharmacy Council
MCQ NO 793 | pharmaceutical jurisprudence
The drugs &cosmetic act & rule were passed?
The drugs &cosmetic act & rule were passed?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
A. 1940 & 1942
61%
B. 1940 &1945
21%
C. 1945 &1948
3%
D. 1945 & 1947