MCQ NO 923 | Pharmacology
Characteristics of ephedrine include all of the following EXCEPT:
Characteristics of ephedrine include all of the following EXCEPT:
Anonymous Quiz
16%
It is a mild CNS stimulant
26%
It decreases arterial pressure
31%
It causes tachyphylaxis with repeated administration
27%
It acts primarily through the release of stored cathecholamines
MCQ NO 924 | Microbiology
The main product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is.....
The main product of glycolysis under aerobic conditions is.....
Anonymous Quiz
58%
Pyruvate
13%
Lactate
27%
Both
2%
None of these
MCQ NO 925 | Microbiology
The major immunoglobulin present in the human serum is?
The major immunoglobulin present in the human serum is?
Anonymous Quiz
49%
IgG
23%
IgE
9%
IgA
19%
All of these
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺 Glucagon :-
🔸Glucagon is hyperglycaemic principle & single chain polypeptide containing 29 Amino acids having molecular weight 3500. Secreted by alpha cells of islet of langerhans and commercially produced now by recombinant DNA technology.
🔸Glucagon binds its own receptor and couple with Gs protein activates AC and increase cAMP in liver, fat cells, heart and other tissues.
Glucagon causes hyperglycaemia by enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver.
🟢 Other hyperglycaemics..... e.g. Diazoxide, somatostatin, streptozocin.
🔺 Glucagon :-
🔸Glucagon is hyperglycaemic principle & single chain polypeptide containing 29 Amino acids having molecular weight 3500. Secreted by alpha cells of islet of langerhans and commercially produced now by recombinant DNA technology.
🔸Glucagon binds its own receptor and couple with Gs protein activates AC and increase cAMP in liver, fat cells, heart and other tissues.
Glucagon causes hyperglycaemia by enhancing glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in liver.
🟢 Other hyperglycaemics..... e.g. Diazoxide, somatostatin, streptozocin.
🔴ADRS OF GENERAL ANASTHESIA🔴
During
➡️Respiratory depression
➡️Salivation
➡️Fall in bp
➡️Cardiac arrthymias
➡️Delirium
After
➡️Nausea and vomiting
➡️Organ toxicities. liver, kidney, damage.
➡️Emergence delirium
During
➡️Respiratory depression
➡️Salivation
➡️Fall in bp
➡️Cardiac arrthymias
➡️Delirium
After
➡️Nausea and vomiting
➡️Organ toxicities. liver, kidney, damage.
➡️Emergence delirium
MCQ NO 926 | Biochemistry
In biosynthesis of proteins the chain terminating codons are......
In biosynthesis of proteins the chain terminating codons are......
Anonymous Quiz
61%
UAA, UAG and UGA
13%
GCG, GCA and GCU
18%
UGG, UGU and AGU
8%
AAU, AAG and GAU
MCQ NO 927 | Biochemistry
Streptomycin prevents synthesis of polypeptide by ?
Streptomycin prevents synthesis of polypeptide by ?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
Inhibiting initiation proces
17%
Releasing premature polypeptide
58%
Inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity
9%
Inhibiting translocation
MCQ NO 928 | Biochemistry
Presence of arginine can be detected by........
Presence of arginine can be detected by........
Anonymous Quiz
26%
Gas chromatography
26%
Million-Nasse reaction
23%
Hopkins-Cole reaction
26%
Sakaguchi reaction
MCQ NO 929 | Biochemistry
During de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, the first ring compound to be formed is?
During de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides, the first ring compound to be formed is?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
Dihydro-orotic acid
17%
Orotic acid
41%
Carbamoyl aspartic acid
19%
Orotidine monophosphate
MCQ NO 930 | Biochemistry
In mammalian cell cycle, synthesis of DNA occurs during......
In mammalian cell cycle, synthesis of DNA occurs during......
Anonymous Quiz
22%
G2 phase
21%
G1 phase
43%
S phase
15%
Mitotic Phase
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺 Corticosteroids :-
Corticosteroids secreted from Cortex of Adrenal gland...
Adrenal cortex has 3 regions..
a. Outer region Zona glomerulosa.... Secretes Mineralocorticods. ( Aldosterone)
b. Middle region Zona fasciculata..... Secretes Glucocorticoids. ( Hydrocortisone)
C. Inner region Zona reticularis ... Secretes Andrigens (dihydroepiandrosterone)
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺 Mineralocorticoids:-
Principle mineralocorticoid is Aldosterone... Action is enhancement of SODIUM reabsorption from distal convoluted tubules in kidney.
This corticosteroid also increases the in POTASSIUM and HYDROGEN ( proton) excretion.
The action of aldosterone is exerted by gene mediated increased transcription of m-RNA in renal tubule cells which directs synthesis of proteins (aldosterone induced proteins --- AIPs). These proteins acts on mitochondria to generate energy (ATP) and also synthesize the beta subunit of amiloride sensitive SODIUM channel.
So, Na* K* ATPase pump located on tubular basolateral membrane responsible for generating gradients for movement if cations in these cells is the major AIP.
In addition, aldosterone rapidly induces phosphorylation and activation of amiloride sensitive sodium channel.
🔺 Corticosteroids :-
Corticosteroids secreted from Cortex of Adrenal gland...
Adrenal cortex has 3 regions..
a. Outer region Zona glomerulosa.... Secretes Mineralocorticods. ( Aldosterone)
b. Middle region Zona fasciculata..... Secretes Glucocorticoids. ( Hydrocortisone)
C. Inner region Zona reticularis ... Secretes Andrigens (dihydroepiandrosterone)
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺 Mineralocorticoids:-
Principle mineralocorticoid is Aldosterone... Action is enhancement of SODIUM reabsorption from distal convoluted tubules in kidney.
This corticosteroid also increases the in POTASSIUM and HYDROGEN ( proton) excretion.
The action of aldosterone is exerted by gene mediated increased transcription of m-RNA in renal tubule cells which directs synthesis of proteins (aldosterone induced proteins --- AIPs). These proteins acts on mitochondria to generate energy (ATP) and also synthesize the beta subunit of amiloride sensitive SODIUM channel.
So, Na* K* ATPase pump located on tubular basolateral membrane responsible for generating gradients for movement if cations in these cells is the major AIP.
In addition, aldosterone rapidly induces phosphorylation and activation of amiloride sensitive sodium channel.
🔴ADRS🔴
✔️MINERALOCORTICOIDS
▶️Sodium and water retension
▶️Edema
▶️Hypokalaemic alkalosis
▶️Progressively rise bp
✔️GLUCOCORTICOIDS
▶️Cushing habitus
▶️Fragile skin
▶️Hypoglycemia
▶️Peptic ulcer
▶️Osteoporosis
✔️MINERALOCORTICOIDS
▶️Sodium and water retension
▶️Edema
▶️Hypokalaemic alkalosis
▶️Progressively rise bp
✔️GLUCOCORTICOIDS
▶️Cushing habitus
▶️Fragile skin
▶️Hypoglycemia
▶️Peptic ulcer
▶️Osteoporosis
MCQ NO 931 | medicinal chemistry
……………..has an oral to parenteral effectiveness ratio of 2:1 as the strong narcotics.
……………..has an oral to parenteral effectiveness ratio of 2:1 as the strong narcotics.
Anonymous Quiz
25%
a) Dihydroxycodine
43%
b) Codine
22%
c) Levorphanol
10%
d) Ethylmorphine
MCQ NO 932 | medicinal chemistry
Methadone is metabolized by enzyme………..
Methadone is metabolized by enzyme………..
Anonymous Quiz
39%
A .CYP3A4
16%
B. CYP2B6
14%
C. CYP2D6
31%
D. All of the above
MCQ NO 933 | medicinal chemistry
C15H21NO2 is the molecular formula for …………….opioid Analgesics.
C15H21NO2 is the molecular formula for …………….opioid Analgesics.
Anonymous Quiz
17%
a) Levorphanol
44%
b) Dextromethorphan
24%
c) Dihydroxycodine
15%
d) Meperidine
MCQ NO 934 | medicinal chemistry
Meperidine as a potential ………. Agent.
Meperidine as a potential ………. Agent.
Anonymous Quiz
14%
a) Anticholinergic
11%
b) Adrenergic
16%
c) Parasympatholytic
59%
d) Both 1 & 3
MCQ NO 935 | medicinal chemistry
Which of the following drugs is a leucotreine D4 receptor (LTD4) blocker?
Which of the following drugs is a leucotreine D4 receptor (LTD4) blocker?
Anonymous Quiz
13%
a) Ibuprofen
27%
b) Zileuton (Zyflo)
52%
c) Zafirleukast (Accolate)
8%
d) Diclofenac
MCQ NO 936 | Biochemistry
Calcium is required for the activation of the enzyme..........
Calcium is required for the activation of the enzyme..........
Anonymous Quiz
30%
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
13%
Fumarase
30%
Succinate thiokinase
27%
ATPase
MCQ NO 937 | Biochemistry
Which of the following features are present in blood chemistry in uncompensated metabolic alkalosis except?
Which of the following features are present in blood chemistry in uncompensated metabolic alkalosis except?
Anonymous Quiz
17%
Increased pH
42%
Increased bicarbonate
23%
Normal chloride
19%
Normal pCO2
MCQ NO 938 | Medicinal chemistry
A diuretic which is an aldosterone antagonist is?
A diuretic which is an aldosterone antagonist is?
Anonymous Quiz
64%
Spironolactone
14%
Ethacrynic acid
17%
Acetazolamide
5%
Chlorothiazide