MCQ NO 939 | medicinal chemistry
Thiazide diuretics inhibit:-
Thiazide diuretics inhibit:-
Anonymous Quiz
20%
Carbonic anhydrase
14%
Aldosterone secretion
14%
ADH secretion
53%
Sodium reabsorption in distal tubules
MCQ NO 940 | Pharmacology
Antidiuretic hormone is.....
Antidiuretic hormone is.....
Anonymous Quiz
23%
secreted by hypothalamus
27%
Secretion is increased when osmolality of plasma decreases
18%
Increases obligatory reabsorption of water
31%
Acts on distal convoluted tubules and collecting ducts
MCQ NO 941 | Physical Pharmacy
Which three factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
Which three factors affect the rate of a chemical reaction?
Anonymous Quiz
21%
(a) temperature, pressure and humidity
49%
(b) temperature, reactant concentration and catalyst
24%
(c) temperature, reactant concentration and pressure
6%
(d) temperature, product concentration and container volume
MCQ NO 942 | Physical Pharmacy
The rate law relates the rate of a chemical reaction to
The rate law relates the rate of a chemical reaction to
Anonymous Quiz
58%
(a) the concentrations of reactants
13%
(b) the temperature
22%
(c) the activation energy
6%
(d) reaction mechanism
MCQ NO 943 | Physical Pharmacy
For a reaction, A→ products a graph of [A] versus time is found to be a straight line. What is the order this reaction?
For a reaction, A→ products a graph of [A] versus time is found to be a straight line. What is the order this reaction?
Anonymous Quiz
46%
(a) zero order
43%
(b) first order
10%
(c) second order
2%
(d) third order
MCQ NO 944 | Physical Pharmacy
As temperature increases, the reaction rate .....
As temperature increases, the reaction rate .....
Anonymous Quiz
13%
(a) decrease than increase
22%
(b) decreases
63%
(c) increases
2%
(d) stays the same
MCQ NO 945 | Physical Pharmacy
The equivalent conductance of a solution of an electrolyte
The equivalent conductance of a solution of an electrolyte
Anonymous Quiz
37%
(a) increases with dilution
39%
(b) decreases with dilution
20%
(c) does not vary with dilution
4%
(d) none of these
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺 Glucocorticoid :-
Corticosteroids penetrate cells and bind to cytoplasmic receptor protein.... Structural changes in steroidal receptor.... Form complex.... Enter or move into nucleus..... Bind with glucocorticoid responsive elements(GRE) on the chromatin ......promoting transcription of m-RNA..... Regulation protein synthesis ... Once appropriate proteins are synthesized... Effect persist .... Overall effect is catabolic.
🔺Glucocorticoid Actions :-
1.Carbohydrate metabolism
2.Protein metabolism
3.Fat metabolism
4.Calcium metabolism
5.Water excretion
6.CVS ... Restrict capillary permeability, maintain tone of arterioles and myocardial contractility.
7.Skeletal muscle weakness in hypocorticism as well as hypercorticism.
8.Stomach...secretion of Gastric acid and pepsin is increased.... May aggravate peptic ulcer.
9.Foetal lungs... Promote structural and functional maturation of fortal lungs near term. They stimulate production of pulmonary surfactants which are essential for inflation of foetal lungs at birth and air breathing.
10.Lymphoid tissue and blood cells.... T cells and B cells are more sensitive for destruction.
Glucocorticoids increase number of RBCs, platelets and neutrophils in circulation.
11. Inflammatory response
12.Immunological and allergic responses.
🔺Adverse reactions :-
▶️Cushing habitus
▶️Fragile skin
▶️Hypoglycemia
▶️Peptic ulcer
▶️Osteoporosis
🔺 Glucocorticoid :-
Corticosteroids penetrate cells and bind to cytoplasmic receptor protein.... Structural changes in steroidal receptor.... Form complex.... Enter or move into nucleus..... Bind with glucocorticoid responsive elements(GRE) on the chromatin ......promoting transcription of m-RNA..... Regulation protein synthesis ... Once appropriate proteins are synthesized... Effect persist .... Overall effect is catabolic.
🔺Glucocorticoid Actions :-
1.Carbohydrate metabolism
2.Protein metabolism
3.Fat metabolism
4.Calcium metabolism
5.Water excretion
6.CVS ... Restrict capillary permeability, maintain tone of arterioles and myocardial contractility.
7.Skeletal muscle weakness in hypocorticism as well as hypercorticism.
8.Stomach...secretion of Gastric acid and pepsin is increased.... May aggravate peptic ulcer.
9.Foetal lungs... Promote structural and functional maturation of fortal lungs near term. They stimulate production of pulmonary surfactants which are essential for inflation of foetal lungs at birth and air breathing.
10.Lymphoid tissue and blood cells.... T cells and B cells are more sensitive for destruction.
Glucocorticoids increase number of RBCs, platelets and neutrophils in circulation.
11. Inflammatory response
12.Immunological and allergic responses.
🔺Adverse reactions :-
▶️Cushing habitus
▶️Fragile skin
▶️Hypoglycemia
▶️Peptic ulcer
▶️Osteoporosis
MCQ NO 946 | Pharmacology
The …………………. integral to morphine's effects on the ventral tegmental area of the brain.
The …………………. integral to morphine's effects on the ventral tegmental area of the brain.
Anonymous Quiz
18%
a) Alpha-opioid receptor
25%
b) beta-opioid receptor
45%
c) mu-opioid receptor
13%
d) kappa -opioid receptor
MCQ NO 947 | Pharmacology
Which of the following NSAIDs is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
Which of the following NSAIDs is a selective COX-2 inhibitor?
Anonymous Quiz
10%
a) Piroxicam
20%
b) Indomethacin
59%
c) Celecoxib
11%
d) Diclofenac
MCQ NO 948 | Pharmacology
Which of the following NSAIDs is a fenamate derivative?
Which of the following NSAIDs is a fenamate derivative?
Anonymous Quiz
10%
a) Phenylbutazone
15%
b) Indomethacin
68%
c) Meclofenamic acid
7%
d) Diclofenac
MCQ NO 949 | Pharmacology
Which of the following NSAIDs is an indol derivative?
Which of the following NSAIDs is an indol derivative?
Anonymous Quiz
15%
a) Ibuprofen
69%
b) Indomethacin
11%
c) Meclofenamic acid
6%
d) Diclofenac
MCQ NO 950 | Pharmacology
Which of the following NSAIDs is a nonselective COX inhibitor
Which of the following NSAIDs is a nonselective COX inhibitor
Anonymous Quiz
39%
a) Piroxicam
13%
b) Rofecoxib
9%
c) Celecoxib
39%
d) All of the above
MCQ NO 951 | Medicinal chemistry
Furosemide inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in..........
Furosemide inhibits reabsorption of sodium and chloride in..........
Anonymous Quiz
29%
Proximal convoluted tubules
45%
Loop of Henle
22%
Distal convoluted tubules
4%
Collecting ducts
MCQ NO 952 | Biochemistry
The normal ratio between the alkaline phosphate and acid phosphate in plasma is?
The normal ratio between the alkaline phosphate and acid phosphate in plasma is?
Anonymous Quiz
27%
2 : 1
35%
20 : 1
29%
1 : 4
9%
4 : 1
MCQ NO 953 | Biochemistry
Respiratory alkalosis can occur in......
Respiratory alkalosis can occur in......
Anonymous Quiz
32%
Bronchial asthma
18%
Collapse of lungs
32%
Hysterical hyperventilation
18%
Bronchial obstruction
MCQ NO 954 | Biochemistry
Respiratory acidosis results from?
Respiratory acidosis results from?
Anonymous Quiz
24%
Retention of carbon dioxide
34%
Excessive elimination of carbon dioxide
24%
Retention of bicarbonate
19%
Excessive elimination of bicarbonate
MCQ NO 955 | Biochemistry
Hypercholremia is associated with.......
Hypercholremia is associated with.......
Anonymous Quiz
16%
Hyponatremia
24%
Hypernatremia
42%
Metabolic alkalosis
17%
Respiratory acidosis
🔴 Mechanism of Action 🔴
🔺Androgens & related drugs :-
Androgens ( Male sex Hormones)
Androgen ( Testosterone) binds with cytoplasmic androgen receptor (AR).... Form complex... Move into nucleus... Bind with androgen response elements of target gene.... Transcription.... Translation... Then effects are expressed through modification of protein synthesis.
🔺Actions:-
1.Sex organs and secondary sex characters development in boy at puberty.
2. Testosterone needed for nirmal spermatogenesis.
3.Anabolic effect on skeleton and skeletal muscles.
4.Erythropoiesis.
🔺 Anabolic steroids have similar actions like testosterone by bind with same receptor. E.g. Nandrolone, Oxymetholone, stanozolol, Methandienone ,etc.
🔺Androgens & related drugs :-
Androgens ( Male sex Hormones)
Androgen ( Testosterone) binds with cytoplasmic androgen receptor (AR).... Form complex... Move into nucleus... Bind with androgen response elements of target gene.... Transcription.... Translation... Then effects are expressed through modification of protein synthesis.
🔺Actions:-
1.Sex organs and secondary sex characters development in boy at puberty.
2. Testosterone needed for nirmal spermatogenesis.
3.Anabolic effect on skeleton and skeletal muscles.
4.Erythropoiesis.
🔺 Anabolic steroids have similar actions like testosterone by bind with same receptor. E.g. Nandrolone, Oxymetholone, stanozolol, Methandienone ,etc.
🔴ADRS OF ANDROGEN🔴
✔️virilization in women
✔️Acne in both male n female
✔️Oligozoospermia
✔️Precocious puberty
✔️Salt retension and edema
✔️Cholestatic jaundice
✔️Hepatic carcinoma
✔️Gynacosmastia
✔️virilization in women
✔️Acne in both male n female
✔️Oligozoospermia
✔️Precocious puberty
✔️Salt retension and edema
✔️Cholestatic jaundice
✔️Hepatic carcinoma
✔️Gynacosmastia