🔴 Classification

🟢Types and classes of Tablets

🔺ORAL TABLETS FOR
INGESTION

1.Compressed Tablets or
Standard Compressed Tablets
(CT)

2.Multiple Compressed
Tablets(MCT)

🔸l.Layered Tablets

🔸ll.Compression-coated
Tablets

3.Chewable Tablets

4.Sugar and Chocolate-coated
Tablets

5.Film coated Tablets

6.Repeat-action Tablets

7.Delayed-action Tablets

🔺TABLETS USED IN ORAL
CAVITY

1.Buccal and Sublingual Tablets

2.Troches and Lozenges

3.Dental cones

🔺TABLETS ADMINISTERED BY
OTHER ROUTES

1.Implantation Tablets

2.Vaginal Tablets

🔺TABLETS USED TO PREPARE
SOLUTION

1.Effervescent Tablets

2.Dispensing Tablets(DT)

3.Hypodermic Tablets (HT)

4.Tablet Triturates (TT)

🔴 Classification

👉Pharmaceutical Capsules

🔺1.Hard Gelatin Capsules

Hard-shelled capsules, which contain dry, powdered ingredients or miniature pellets made by e.g. processes of extrusion or spheronization. ...

🔺2. Soft Gelatin Capsules

Soft-shelled capsules, primarily used for oils and for active ingredients that are dissolved or suspended in oil.

🔺3. Alternative Capsules

These are new type of capsules but here Gelatin is replaced by Plant materials .

🔸a. Hydroxypropyl Methyl
cellulose(HPMC) Capsules

🔸b. Starch Capsules

🔸c. Crosslinked Dextran
Capsules

🔴MECHANISM

📌NUCLEAR RECEPTOR

▪Nuclear receptors are central to the regulation of development, endocrine signalling and metabolism.
▪ The transcriptional activity of many receptors is controlled through the binding of small, fat-soluble molecules to the ligand-binding domain.
▪ In most cases, ligand binding turns the receptors into potent activators of transcription.
▪ This switch involves the exchange of co-regulator proteins that mediate transcriptional regulation.
▪ Structural and biochemical studies have together revealed the mechanism of action of this ligand-induced molecular switch, in which changes in the dynamic behaviour of the receptor play a key role. ▪This remarkable dynamic mechanism has facilitated the evolution of a family of nuclear receptors with highly diverse ligand recognition and signalling properties.

🔸EXAMPLES
1.Glucocorticoid
2.Mineralocorticoid
3.Estrogen
4.Progesterone
5.Androgen
6.Vit A and VitD
7.Thyroid Harmone receptor

🔴Things You Should Know!🔴

1: Number Of Bones — 206
2: Number Of Muscles — 639
3: Number Of Kidneys — 2
4: Number Of Milk Teeth — 20
5: Number Of Ribs — 24 (12 pair)
6: Number Of Heart Chamber — 4
7: Largest Artery — Aorta
8: Normal Blood Pressure — 120/80mmHg
9: Ph Of Blood — 7.4
10: Number Of Vertebrae In The Spine — 33
11: Number Of Vertebrae In The Neck — 7
12: Number Of Bones In Middle Ear — 6
13: Number Of Bones In Face — 14
14: Number Of Bones In Skull — 22
15: Number Of Bones In Chest — 25
16: Number Of Bones In Arms — 6
17: Number Of Muscles In Human Arm — 72
18: Number Of Pumps In Heart — 2
19: Largest Organ — Skin
20: Largest Gland — Liver
21: Biggest Cell — Female Ovum
22: Smallest Cell — Male Sperm
23: Smallest Bone — Stapes
24: First Transplanted Organ — Heart
25: Average Length Of Small Intestine — 7m
26: Average Length Of Large Intestine — 1.5m
27: Average w
Weight Of New Born Baby — 2.6kg
28: Pulse Rate In One Minute — 72 Times
29: Normal Body Temperature — 37 C° (98.4 F°)
30: Average Blood Volume — 4 To 5 Liters
31: Life Span Of RBC — 120 Days
32: Life Span Of WBC — 10 To 15 Days
33: Pregnancy Period — 280 Days (40 Week)
34: Number Of Bones In Human Foot — 33
35: Number Of Bones In Each Wrist — 8
36: Number Of Bones In Hand — 27
37: Largest Endocrine Gland — Thyroid
38: Largest Lymphatic Organ — Spleen
39: Largest Part Of Brain — Cerebrum
40: Largest & Strongest Bone — Femur
41: Smallest Muscle — Stapedius (Middle Ear)
41: Number Of Chromosome — 46 (23 Pair)
42: Number Of Bones In New Born Baby — 350
43: Viscosity Of Blood — 4.5 To 5.5
44: Universal Donor Blood Group — O
45: Universal Recipient Blood Group — AB
46: Largest WBC — Monocyte
47: Smallest WBC — Lymphocyte
48: Increase RBC Count Called —Polycethemia
49: Blood Bank In The Body Is — Spleen
50: Non Nucleated Blood Cell Is — RBC
51: RBC Produced In The — Bone Marrow
52: River Of Life Is Called — Blood
53: Normal Blood Cholesterol Level — 250mg/dl
54: Fluid Part Of Blood Is — Plasma

🔴 DEFINITION

🔸pA2
-pA2 is ameasure of the potency of an antagonist. It is the negative logarithm of the molar concentration of an antagonist that would produce a 2-fold shift in the concentration response curve for an agonist.

🔸IC50
-IC50 defines the molar concentration of an agonist or antagonist which produces 50% of its maximum possible inhibition in a functional assay. In a radioligand binding assay, IC50 defines the molar concentration of competing ligand which reduces the specific binding of a radioligand by 50%.

🔸EC50
-EC50 defines the molar concentration of an agonist that produces 50% of the maximum possible response for that agonist.

🔸pD2
-pD2 is the negative logarithm of an EC50 or IC50 value.

🔸pIC50
-pIC50 is the negative logarithm of the IC50 value.

🔸potency
-Potency is a measure of the concentration of a drug at which it is effective.