đđąđđ°đŽđđśđźđť đśđ đđľđ˛ đşđźđđ đ˝đźđđ˛đżđłđđš đđ˛đŽđ˝đźđť đđľđśđ°đľ đđźđ đ°đŽđť đđđ˛ đđź đ°đľđŽđťđ´đ˛ đđľđ˛ đđźđżđšđą.đ - đđđĽđŹđ¨đ§ đđđ§đđđĽđ
Feb 5
ááá
ááŤá¸á ááşááᯠááźááşá¸ááźááşá¸áá˝ááşáˇááŤ..
ââââââââââ
á ááŹá¸...
áážá áşááŻáśá¸áᏠáážáááąáááşáˇ
áĄááźáąáŹ áážáŹá¸áááá˛áˇáĄááŤ
ááąáŹááşáááşáá˝á˛ áĄááąáá˛áˇ
ááąáŹááşá¸ááťááŻá¸áááş
áááŻá¸ááťááŻá¸áá˝áąá ááááşáˇááááŻá¸á
áĄááźáąáŹááááşááąáŹáˇ
ááźáŹá¸ááá°ááŹá¸ááᯠááŤá¸áááşá áąááźáŽá¸
áĄááźááşáááşá ááŹ
áá˝áśáážáŹááŻááşá¸ááŽá¸á áᏠááźá áşáááşááŤáááşá
á ááŹá¸ááźáąáŹááşáˇ
ááááŹ
áá áşááŤáá áşááś ááťáŹá¸áááŹáááŻ
ááťáᯠááźáááş ááąáááşááąáááşáˇ
áá áşááŤáá áşááś áĄááááşáá áşá ááşáááŻ
áĄáááşáááŻááąáŹááş
áááşáážáŹ áááşááŤááąá¸áááşá
áĄááťáááşáĄááŤááᯠááááá˛
áá˝ááşáá˝ááş áá˝ááˇáşáááá˛áˇ ááŤá¸á ááşâááźáąáŹááˇáş
ááźáąáŹáážáŹá¸áááá°áá˛áˇ ááá˝
áááşáááşáááşáá˝ááşááŹáááŻ
áĄáášáááŹááşááźáŽá¸ááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ááŹá¸
ááźá áşá áąáááŻááşááŤáááşá
ááťá áşá áąáááŻáááşá¸ ááŽááŤá¸á ááş
ááŻááşá¸á áąáááŻáááşá¸ ááŽááŤá¸á ááşááŤá
áĄááźáąáŹáá áşááťááş áážáŹá¸áááŻááşááŻáśáá˛áˇ
ááťážáąáŹáşáááˇáşááťááşáá˝áąáááŻ
áá áşá á Ꭰááťáąáá˝ááźáŽá¸
áĄááŹáááşáááŻáááşá¸
ááťááşááŽá¸áááşááŤááąá¸áááşá
áááááźáŽá¸ááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ááŤá
ááááşášá áĄáááŻááşáĄáááşáˇáá˝ááşá¸áážáŹáá˛
ááááşáá˝áąááᯠáááşáá°áĄááźá áş
áááşáá°áááşá¸ ááááşáá˝áąááźá áşáĄáąáŹááşáĄáá
á ááŹá¸áá˛áˇáĄá á˝ááşá¸á
áááşáážááŤáááşá
ááŤáˇááźáąáŹááşáˇ
á ááŹá¸áá˝ááşáᏠááŤá¸á ááşááąáŤááşáááŻ
ááźááşá¸ááźááşá¸ááťááşá¸ áá˝ááşáˇááŤá
áĄááťáááşáĄááŤááᯠááááźáŽá¸
áážááşáááşááąáŹááşá¸ááźááşáá˛áˇ á ááŹá¸áááŻáá˛
áá°á¸ááśáˇ ááťááŻááŹá á˝áŹ ááźáąáŹáááşááźááŤá áą...á
ááá
ááŤá¸á ááşááᯠááźááşá¸ááźááşá¸áá˝ááşáˇááŤ..
ââââââââââ
á ááŹá¸...
áážá áşááŻáśá¸áᏠáážáááąáááşáˇ
áĄááźáąáŹ áážáŹá¸áááá˛áˇáĄááŤ
ááąáŹááşáááşáá˝á˛ áĄááąáá˛áˇ
ááąáŹááşá¸ááťááŻá¸áááş
áááŻá¸ááťááŻá¸áá˝áąá ááááşáˇááááŻá¸á
áĄááźáąáŹááááşááąáŹáˇ
ááźáŹá¸ááá°ááŹá¸ááᯠááŤá¸áááşá áąááźáŽá¸
áĄááźááşáááşá ááŹ
áá˝áśáážáŹááŻááşá¸ááŽá¸á áᏠááźá áşáááşááŤáááşá
á ááŹá¸ááźáąáŹááşáˇ
ááááŹ
áá áşááŤáá áşááś ááťáŹá¸áááŹáááŻ
ááťáᯠááźáááş ááąáááşááąáááşáˇ
áá áşááŤáá áşááś áĄááááşáá áşá ááşáááŻ
áĄáááşáááŻááąáŹááş
áááşáážáŹ áááşááŤááąá¸áááşá
áĄááťáááşáĄááŤááᯠááááá˛
áá˝ááşáá˝ááş áá˝ááˇáşáááá˛áˇ ááŤá¸á ááşâááźáąáŹááˇáş
ááźáąáŹáážáŹá¸áááá°áá˛áˇ ááá˝
áááşáááşáááşáá˝ááşááŹáááŻ
áĄáášáááŹááşááźáŽá¸ááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ááŹá¸
ááźá áşá áąáááŻááşááŤáááşá
ááťá áşá áąáááŻáááşá¸ ááŽááŤá¸á ááş
ááŻááşá¸á áąáááŻáááşá¸ ááŽááŤá¸á ááşááŤá
áĄááźáąáŹáá áşááťááş áážáŹá¸áááŻááşááŻáśáá˛áˇ
ááťážáąáŹáşáááˇáşááťááşáá˝áąáááŻ
áá áşá á Ꭰááťáąáá˝ááźáŽá¸
áĄááŹáááşáááŻáááşá¸
ááťááşááŽá¸áááşááŤááąá¸áááşá
áááááźáŽá¸ááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ááŤá
ááááşášá áĄáááŻááşáĄáááşáˇáá˝ááşá¸áážáŹáá˛
ááááşáá˝áąááᯠáááşáá°áĄááźá áş
áááşáá°áááşá¸ ááááşáá˝áąááźá áşáĄáąáŹááşáĄáá
á ááŹá¸áá˛áˇáĄá á˝ááşá¸á
áááşáážááŤáááşá
ááŤáˇááźáąáŹááşáˇ
á ááŹá¸áá˝ááşáᏠááŤá¸á ááşááąáŤááşáááŻ
ááźááşá¸ááźááşá¸ááťááşá¸ áá˝ááşáˇááŤá
áĄááťáááşáĄááŤááᯠááááźáŽá¸
áážááşáááşááąáŹááşá¸ááźááşáá˛áˇ á ááŹá¸áááŻáá˛
áá°á¸ááśáˇ ááťááŻááŹá á˝áŹ ááźáąáŹáááşááźááŤá áą...á
Media is too big
VIEW IN TELEGRAM
đ Monkeypox ááťáąáŹááşááťáąáŹááşááąáŹááŤáĄááźáąáŹááşá¸ááááąáŹááşá¸á
ááŹ
áá˝ááşááťá°áᏠááŽá¸ááŻááşááąáŤáşá ááááąáŹááşá¸á
ááŹááąá¸áá˝áąááŤá
Ctrl + A = á áŹááťáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + C = áááááááŻááťááşááąáŹ á áŹáĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźáŽá¸ Copy áá˝áŹá¸ááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + V = áááááááŻááťááşááąáŹ á áŹáĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźáŽá¸ ááááááŹá¸ááźááşááąáŹ ááąááŹáá˝ááş Paste ááŻááşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + P = Print ááąáŤáşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + S = Save ááźááşá¸á
Ctrl +Z = áá°áááźááşááąáŤáşááźááşá¸ á áŹáĄáŹá¸á Undo
Ctrl + Y = ááąáŹááşáážáááźáŽá¸ááąáŹ ááąááŹáááŻáˇ áá˝áŹá¸ááąáŹááşááźááşá¸á (á áŹá áŽááŹáá˝ááş) Redo
Ctrl + F3 = Define Name
Ctrl + F4 = Close (á áŹáááŻááşáĄáŹá¸ ááááşááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + F5 = XL; Restore and Window Size
Ctrl + F7 = Move Window
Ctrl + F8 = Resize Window
Ctrl + F9 = Miniize Workbook
Ctrl + F10 = Maximize or restore window
Ctrl + F12= File Open
Ctrl +F1 = Insert Chart
Ctrl +n = Create New
Ctrl + O = Open
Ctrl + W = Close
Ctrl +k = General
Ctrl + Q =quite / exit
Ctrl + E = edit / modify
Ctrl + T = Character
Ctrl + M = Setup / odify
Crl + i = tabs / indents
Ctrl + plus or minus = Zoom in/out
Ctrl + 1 = actual Size
Ctrl +2 = 200% View
Ctrl + 4 = 400% View
Ctrl + 5 = 500% View
Ctrl + 7 = 75% View
Ctrl + 0 = Fit in window
Ctrl +3 = Define (Text)
Ctrl + } = Object / text
Ctrl + B = Bold (á áŹááŻáśá¸áĄáááşá¸ááąáŹááşááźáąáŹááşá¸ááźááşá¸) ááąáŤááşá¸á ááş
Ctrl + I = Italic á áŹááŻáśá¸áĄá áąáŹááşá¸
Ctrl + U = Underline (ááťááşá¸ááźáąáŹááşá¸ááŹá¸ááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + J = Force Justify (á áŹáááŻááşáĄáá˝ááş)
Ctrl + L = Align Left (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ áááşáááŻáˇáážáááźááşá¸
Ctrl + R = Align Right (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ ááŹáááŻáˇ áážáááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + E = Align Center (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ áĄáááşááááŻáááŻáˇ áá˝áąáˇááźááşá¸)
á¤pageááᯠááźááŻááşáážá áşáááşáááşáááŻáááş like&shareááźááşáˇ áĄáŹá¸ááąá¸áááŻááşááŤáááşá
####################
áá˝ááşááźá°áᏠááŽá¸ááŻááşá ááŽá¸áá˝áąáá˛áˇáĄááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛áˇáá˝á˛áááşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááŻáˇááá˛áˇ Keyboard Shortcuts ááťáŹá¸
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
More than 100 Keyboard Shortcuts must read
SHARE IT........
Keyboard Shorcuts (Microsoft Windows)
1. CTRL+C (Copy)...
2. CTRL+X (Cut)
3. CTRL+V (Paste)
4. CTRL+Z (Undo)
5. DELETE (Delete)
6. SHIFT+DELETE (Delete the selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin)
7. CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item)
8. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item)
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
10. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word)
11. CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word)
12. CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph)
13. CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph)
14. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text)
SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document)
15. CTRL+A (Select all)
16. F3 key (Search for a file or a folder)
17. ALT+ENTER (View the properties for the selected item)
18. ALT+F4 (Close the active item, or quit the active program)
19. ALT+ENTER (Display the properties of the selected object)
20. ALT+SPACEBAR (Open the shortcut menu for the active window)
21. CTRL+F4 (Close the active document in programs that enable you to have multiple documents opensimultaneou sly)
22. ALT+TAB (Switch between the open items)
23. ALT+ESC (Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened)
24. F6 key (Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop)
25. F4 key (Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
26. SHIFT+F10 (Display the shortcut menu for the selected item)
27. ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the System menu for the active window)
28. CTRL+ESC (Display the Start menu)
29. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name (Display the corresponding menu) Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu (Perform the corresponding command)
30. F10 key (Activate the menu bar in the active program)
31. RIGHT ARROW (Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu)
32. LEFT ARROW (Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu)
Ctrl + A = á áŹááťáŹá¸áĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + C = áááááááŻááťááşááąáŹ á áŹáĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźáŽá¸ Copy áá˝áŹá¸ááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + V = áááááááŻááťááşááąáŹ á áŹáĄáŹá¸ Select áážááşááźáŽá¸ ááááááŹá¸ááźááşááąáŹ ááąááŹáá˝ááş Paste ááŻááşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + P = Print ááąáŤáşááźááşá¸á
Ctrl + S = Save ááźááşá¸á
Ctrl +Z = áá°áááźááşááąáŤáşááźááşá¸ á áŹáĄáŹá¸á Undo
Ctrl + Y = ááąáŹááşáážáááźáŽá¸ááąáŹ ááąááŹáááŻáˇ áá˝áŹá¸ááąáŹááşááźááşá¸á (á áŹá áŽááŹáá˝ááş) Redo
Ctrl + F3 = Define Name
Ctrl + F4 = Close (á áŹáááŻááşáĄáŹá¸ ááááşááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + F5 = XL; Restore and Window Size
Ctrl + F7 = Move Window
Ctrl + F8 = Resize Window
Ctrl + F9 = Miniize Workbook
Ctrl + F10 = Maximize or restore window
Ctrl + F12= File Open
Ctrl +F1 = Insert Chart
Ctrl +n = Create New
Ctrl + O = Open
Ctrl + W = Close
Ctrl +k = General
Ctrl + Q =quite / exit
Ctrl + E = edit / modify
Ctrl + T = Character
Ctrl + M = Setup / odify
Crl + i = tabs / indents
Ctrl + plus or minus = Zoom in/out
Ctrl + 1 = actual Size
Ctrl +2 = 200% View
Ctrl + 4 = 400% View
Ctrl + 5 = 500% View
Ctrl + 7 = 75% View
Ctrl + 0 = Fit in window
Ctrl +3 = Define (Text)
Ctrl + } = Object / text
Ctrl + B = Bold (á áŹááŻáśá¸áĄáááşá¸ááąáŹááşááźáąáŹááşá¸ááźááşá¸) ááąáŤááşá¸á ááş
Ctrl + I = Italic á áŹááŻáśá¸áĄá áąáŹááşá¸
Ctrl + U = Underline (ááťááşá¸ááźáąáŹááşá¸ááŹá¸ááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + J = Force Justify (á áŹáááŻááşáĄáá˝ááş)
Ctrl + L = Align Left (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ áááşáááŻáˇáážáááźááşá¸
Ctrl + R = Align Right (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ ááŹáááŻáˇ áážáááźááşá¸)
Ctrl + E = Align Center (á áŹáĄáŹá¸ áĄáááşááááŻáááŻáˇ áá˝áąáˇááźááşá¸)
á¤pageááᯠááźááŻááşáážá áşáááşáááşáááŻáááş like&shareááźááşáˇ áĄáŹá¸ááąá¸áááŻááşááŤáááşá
####################
áá˝ááşááźá°áᏠááŽá¸ááŻááşá ááŽá¸áá˝áąáá˛áˇáĄááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛áˇáá˝á˛áááşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááŻáˇááá˛áˇ Keyboard Shortcuts ááťáŹá¸
More than 100 Keyboard Shortcuts must read
SHARE IT........
Keyboard Shorcuts (Microsoft Windows)
1. CTRL+C (Copy)...
2. CTRL+X (Cut)
3. CTRL+V (Paste)
4. CTRL+Z (Undo)
5. DELETE (Delete)
6. SHIFT+DELETE (Delete the selected item permanently without placing the item in the Recycle Bin)
7. CTRL while dragging an item (Copy the selected item)
8. CTRL+SHIFT while dragging an item (Create a shortcut to the selected item)
9. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
10. CTRL+RIGHT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next word)
11. CTRL+LEFT ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous word)
12. CTRL+DOWN ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the next paragraph)
13. CTRL+UP ARROW (Move the insertion point to the beginning of the previous paragraph)
14. CTRL+SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Highlight a block of text)
SHIFT with any of the arrow keys (Select more than one item in a window or on the desktop, or select text in a document)
15. CTRL+A (Select all)
16. F3 key (Search for a file or a folder)
17. ALT+ENTER (View the properties for the selected item)
18. ALT+F4 (Close the active item, or quit the active program)
19. ALT+ENTER (Display the properties of the selected object)
20. ALT+SPACEBAR (Open the shortcut menu for the active window)
21. CTRL+F4 (Close the active document in programs that enable you to have multiple documents opensimultaneou sly)
22. ALT+TAB (Switch between the open items)
23. ALT+ESC (Cycle through items in the order that they had been opened)
24. F6 key (Cycle through the screen elements in a window or on the desktop)
25. F4 key (Display the Address bar list in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
26. SHIFT+F10 (Display the shortcut menu for the selected item)
27. ALT+SPACEBAR (Display the System menu for the active window)
28. CTRL+ESC (Display the Start menu)
29. ALT+Underlined letter in a menu name (Display the corresponding menu) Underlined letter in a command name on an open menu (Perform the corresponding command)
30. F10 key (Activate the menu bar in the active program)
31. RIGHT ARROW (Open the next menu to the right, or open a submenu)
32. LEFT ARROW (Open the next menu to the left, or close a submenu)
đ2
33. F5 key (Update the active window)
34. BACKSPACE (View the folder onelevel up in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
35. ESC (Cancel the current task)
36. SHIFT when you insert a CD-ROMinto the CD-ROM drive (Prevent the CD-ROM from automatically playing)
Dialog Box - Keyboard Shortcuts
1. CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs)
2. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs)
3. TAB (Move forward through the options)
4. SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options)
5. ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding option)
6. ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button)
7. SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box)
8. Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons)
9. F1 key (Display Help)
10. F4 key (Display the items in the active list)
11. BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box)
Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts
1. Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)
2. Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)
3. Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)
4. Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)
5. Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restorethe minimized windows)
6. Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)
7. Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)
8. CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)
9. Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)
10. Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)
11. Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)
12. Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)
13. Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts
14. Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch FilterKeys either on or off)
15. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)
16. Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)
17. SHIFT five times (Switch the StickyKeys either on or off)
18. NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)
19. Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)
20. Windows Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
21. END (Display the bottom of the active window)
22. HOME (Display the top of the active window)
23. NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) (Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected folder)
24. NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) (Display the contents of the selected folder)
MMC COnsole Windows Shortcut keys
1. SHIFT+F10 (Display the Action shortcut menu for the selected item)
2. F1 key (Open the Help topic, if any, for the selected item)
3. F5 key (Update the content of all console windows)
4. CTRL+F10 (Maximize the active console window)
5. CTRL+F5 (Restore the active console window)
6. ALT+ENTER (Display the Properties dialog box, if any, for theselected item)
7. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
8. CTRL+F4 (Close the active console window. When a console has only one console window, this shortcut closes the console)
Remote Desktop Connection Navigation
1. CTRL+ALT+END (Open the Microsoft Windows NT Security dialog box)
2. ALT+PAGE UP (Switch between programs from left to right)
3. ALT+PAGE DOWN (Switch between programs from right to left)
4. ALT+INSERT (Cycle through the programs in most recently used order)
5. ALT+HOME (Display the Start menu)
6. CTRL+ALT+BREAK (Switch the client computer between a window and a full screen)
7. ALT+DELETE (Display the Windows menu)
8. CTRL+ALT+Minus sign (-) (Place a snapshot of the active window in the client on the Terminal server clipboard and provide the same functionality as pressing PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)
9. CTRL+ALT+Plus sign (+) (Place asnapshot of the entire client window area on the Terminal server clipboardand provide the same functionality aspressing ALT+PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)
Microsoft Internet Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
1. CTRL+B (Open the Organize Favorites dialog box)
34. BACKSPACE (View the folder onelevel up in My Computer or Windows Explorer)
35. ESC (Cancel the current task)
36. SHIFT when you insert a CD-ROMinto the CD-ROM drive (Prevent the CD-ROM from automatically playing)
Dialog Box - Keyboard Shortcuts
1. CTRL+TAB (Move forward through the tabs)
2. CTRL+SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the tabs)
3. TAB (Move forward through the options)
4. SHIFT+TAB (Move backward through the options)
5. ALT+Underlined letter (Perform the corresponding command or select the corresponding option)
6. ENTER (Perform the command for the active option or button)
7. SPACEBAR (Select or clear the check box if the active option is a check box)
8. Arrow keys (Select a button if the active option is a group of option buttons)
9. F1 key (Display Help)
10. F4 key (Display the items in the active list)
11. BACKSPACE (Open a folder one level up if a folder is selected in the Save As or Open dialog box)
Microsoft Natural Keyboard Shortcuts
1. Windows Logo (Display or hide the Start menu)
2. Windows Logo+BREAK (Display the System Properties dialog box)
3. Windows Logo+D (Display the desktop)
4. Windows Logo+M (Minimize all of the windows)
5. Windows Logo+SHIFT+M (Restorethe minimized windows)
6. Windows Logo+E (Open My Computer)
7. Windows Logo+F (Search for a file or a folder)
8. CTRL+Windows Logo+F (Search for computers)
9. Windows Logo+F1 (Display Windows Help)
10. Windows Logo+ L (Lock the keyboard)
11. Windows Logo+R (Open the Run dialog box)
12. Windows Logo+U (Open Utility Manager)
13. Accessibility Keyboard Shortcuts
14. Right SHIFT for eight seconds (Switch FilterKeys either on or off)
15. Left ALT+left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN (Switch High Contrast either on or off)
16. Left ALT+left SHIFT+NUM LOCK (Switch the MouseKeys either on or off)
17. SHIFT five times (Switch the StickyKeys either on or off)
18. NUM LOCK for five seconds (Switch the ToggleKeys either on or off)
19. Windows Logo +U (Open Utility Manager)
20. Windows Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
21. END (Display the bottom of the active window)
22. HOME (Display the top of the active window)
23. NUM LOCK+Asterisk sign (*) (Display all of the subfolders that are under the selected folder)
24. NUM LOCK+Plus sign (+) (Display the contents of the selected folder)
MMC COnsole Windows Shortcut keys
1. SHIFT+F10 (Display the Action shortcut menu for the selected item)
2. F1 key (Open the Help topic, if any, for the selected item)
3. F5 key (Update the content of all console windows)
4. CTRL+F10 (Maximize the active console window)
5. CTRL+F5 (Restore the active console window)
6. ALT+ENTER (Display the Properties dialog box, if any, for theselected item)
7. F2 key (Rename the selected item)
8. CTRL+F4 (Close the active console window. When a console has only one console window, this shortcut closes the console)
Remote Desktop Connection Navigation
1. CTRL+ALT+END (Open the Microsoft Windows NT Security dialog box)
2. ALT+PAGE UP (Switch between programs from left to right)
3. ALT+PAGE DOWN (Switch between programs from right to left)
4. ALT+INSERT (Cycle through the programs in most recently used order)
5. ALT+HOME (Display the Start menu)
6. CTRL+ALT+BREAK (Switch the client computer between a window and a full screen)
7. ALT+DELETE (Display the Windows menu)
8. CTRL+ALT+Minus sign (-) (Place a snapshot of the active window in the client on the Terminal server clipboard and provide the same functionality as pressing PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)
9. CTRL+ALT+Plus sign (+) (Place asnapshot of the entire client window area on the Terminal server clipboardand provide the same functionality aspressing ALT+PRINT SCREEN on a local computer.)
Microsoft Internet Explorer Keyboard Shortcuts
1. CTRL+B (Open the Organize Favorites dialog box)
2. CTRL+E (Open the Search bar)
3. CTRL+F (Start the Find utility)
4. CTRL+H (Open the History bar)
5. CTRL+I (Open the Favorites bar)
6. CTRL+L (Open the Open dialog box)
7. CTRL+N (Start another instance of the browser with the same Web address)
8. CTRL+O (Open the Open dialog box,the same as CTRL+L)
9. CTRL+P (Open the Print dialog box)
10. CTRL+R (Update the current Web )
3. CTRL+F (Start the Find utility)
4. CTRL+H (Open the History bar)
5. CTRL+I (Open the Favorites bar)
6. CTRL+L (Open the Open dialog box)
7. CTRL+N (Start another instance of the browser with the same Web address)
8. CTRL+O (Open the Open dialog box,the same as CTRL+L)
9. CTRL+P (Open the Print dialog box)
10. CTRL+R (Update the current Web )
áááá ááŻáážá
áşá ááášááááŻááşáááşáááşá¸á
áŹááąá¸áá˝á˛
áĄááąáŹááşáĄáá°ááźáŻ ááźááşááŹá áŹááŹááŹáááş
áááŻááşááŹááááąáŹááşá¸á ááŹááťáŹá¸ á
-
áĄáááşááźáąááźááŤá áą á
áĄááąáŹááşáĄáá°ááźáŻ ááźááşááŹá áŹááŹááŹáááş
áááŻááşááŹááááąáŹááşá¸á ááŹááťáŹá¸ á
-
áĄáááşááźáąááźááŤá áą á
"#áá˝ááşááťá°ááŹááááşá¸áĄáąáŹááşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááşá¸.."
=======================
ááąáˇáááŻááşá¸ áá˝ááşááťá°áᏠáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáá°áááŻááşá¸ áááááşáˇáááşáááşáááŻáˇ ááťážááąáááŻááşáááŤáááşá
áá áşááťááŻáˇááááşá¸ ááááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ ááźá áşááŤáááşá
áá˝ááşááťá°áᏠáááşá¸ááąáááş áĄááąáŹáşááąá¸ áĄááŻááşááŻááşááᏠáĄáááşáááźáąááŤáá°á¸á
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸ áážáááşááŤá
(á) ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ recent áááŻáážáááşááŤá ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áááŻ
Ctrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş áá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ temp áážáááşááŤá
ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ prefetch áážáááşááŤá
ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á ) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ %temp% áážáááşááŤá ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
ááąáˇáááŻááşá¸áááŻááşáááŻááşáá°á¸áááŻáááş áá áşáááşáážáŹ ááŻáśá¸ááźáááş ááąá¸ááźáááşááąáŹááş
ááŻááşááąá¸ááŤá á ááş áááşá¸ááźááşá¸ááᯠáááşááŹááŤááááşáˇáááşá
=======================
ááąáˇáááŻááşá¸ áá˝ááşááťá°áᏠáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáá°áááŻááşá¸ áááááşáˇáááşáááşáááŻáˇ ááťážááąáááŻááşáááŤáááşá
áá áşááťááŻáˇááááşá¸ ááááźáŽá¸ááŹá¸ ááźá áşááŤáááşá
áá˝ááşááťá°áᏠáááşá¸ááąáááş áĄááąáŹáşááąá¸ áĄááŻááşááŻááşááᏠáĄáááşáááźáąááŤáá°á¸á
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸ áážáááşááŤá
(á) ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ recent áááŻáážáááşááŤá ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸áááŻ
Ctrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş áá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ temp áážáááşááŤá
ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ prefetch áážáááşááŤá
ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
(á ) Window + R ááᯠáá˝á˛ááźáŽá¸áážáááş ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ áĄáá˝ááşáá˛áážáŹ %temp% áážáááşááŤá ááąáŤáşááŹáá˛áˇ á áŹáá˝áąáĄáŹá¸ááŻáśá¸ááᯠCtrl + A áážáááşááźáŽá¸ Shift + Delete áá˝á˛áážáááşáᏠáážááşá¸áá áşáááŻááşááŤá
ááąáˇáááŻááşá¸áááŻááşáááŻááşáá°á¸áááŻáááş áá áşáááşáážáŹ ááŻáśá¸ááźáááş ááąá¸ááźáááşááąáŹááş
ááŻááşááąá¸ááŤá á ááş áááşá¸ááźááşá¸ááᯠáááşááŹááŤááááşáˇáááşá
ááźááşááŹááźááşáážáŹ áááşááąáŹááşáááşáˇ áĄáá°ááźá°
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸ááᯠáĄááźáąáŹááşá¸ ááááąáŹááşá¸á ááŹ
*******
ááŽááąáˇ ááźáąá¸ááŻáśááááşá¸á áŹáážáŹ ááŻáážáŹá¸áááŻááşááśáĄáá°áĄááŽáá˛áˇ
ááźááşááŹáááŻááşááśáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸
áááşááąáŹááşáááˇáşááááşá¸ ááŤááŹáááşá áĄáážááş
ááááşá áááşáááşá áŹá¸á áᏠááááşá¸áá°á¸ááŤá
-
áááşááąáŹááşáááˇáş ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸ááᯠ(Reactor) á
ááŻáśáážááşáááşááąáŹááşááąááź áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻ
áááŻááşáᲠSMR (Small Modular Reactor) ááąáŤáş
áá˛áˇááźáŻááşáááşáá˝ááşáĄáááˇáşááŻáśá¸ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸
áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áááŻáˇ ááááááşá
-
ááŻáśá¸á áśáĄáááŻááşá¸ Googling ááŻááşááźáŽá¸ áááşáááťážáážááş
áááťáž ááąáŤááşáááşááťáááŻááşááŤáááşá
-
SMR (Small Modular Reactor) áááŻáᏠáĄáá°ááźá°
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸ááźá áşááźáŽá¸ áĄáá˝ááşáĄá áŹá¸ááąáŤáş
áá°áááşááźáŽá¸ ááťážááşá á áşááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ áá ááŽááŤáááşááž ááá
ááŽááŤáááşáá ááŻááşááŻááşáááŻááşá á˝ááşá¸áážááááşá ááá ááŽááŤáááş
áááŻáᏠááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ááąá¸á ááşááŻáśááŻááşááŻááş
áááŻááşá á˝ááşá¸áá˛áˇ ááŽááŤáááş ááŻáśá¸ááŻáśáááŻáśáá˛áážááááşá SMR ááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠáááąááŹáážáŹ áĄá áááşáĄáááŻááşá¸áĄáááŻááş
áĄááźáŽá¸áááşááąáŹááşááźáŽá¸ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááˇáşááąááŹáááŻ
áááşá¸ááąáŹáá˛áˇ áááşáá°ááŹááźáŽá¸ áĄááťáááşáááŻáĄáá˝ááşá¸
áááşáááşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááŻááşáá˛áˇ ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááťááŻá¸
áĄá áŹá¸ááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ ááąááąáŤáˇ (Light Water)
ááᯠáĄáĄáąá¸ááśáĄáááş (Coolant) áĄááźá áşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻ
áááşá SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áážáŹ ááŹáááş
áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠáĄáá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáááą ááąáá˝áąá¸
áá˝áąáˇááŹáááŻááşáá˛áˇááťááşáááąááŹááᯠáááşáááşá áąááźáŽá¸ ááťážááş
á á áşá á˝ááşá¸áĄááşááᯠááŻááşááŻááşááąá¸áážáŹááŤá SMR á áĄáá°
á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáááąááᯠááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇáĄááźá áşááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛á áąááźáŽá¸
ááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇááŹáááŻááş (Turbine) ááᯠáááşáááşá áąááźáŽá¸
Generator áááááˇáşááťážááşá á áşá á˝ááşá¸áĄááşááᯠááŻááş
ááŻááşááąá¸áá˛áˇá áá áşááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áᏠááŹáááşáĄáá°ááźá°
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş ááąááŽáááŻááášáááźá˝ áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááˇáş
áá áşáá ášá ááşá¸ááŻááşááŻááşáážáŹ á áááž áĄá áá áĄáá
áááŻááťáŹá¸áááşáááŻáᏠáĄááąáááááşáĄáá°ááźá°áááášááśáááŹ
áážááşááťáŹá¸ áá˝áąáˇáážáááŹá¸áááşá áĄááźááşááźááşáááŻááşááŹ
áĄááŻááźá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáĄáąááťááşá Ꭰ(IAEA) á SMR áááŻ
áĄáŹááťááşááŽá¸ááŹá¸á áááŻááşáá˛áˇ ááŻáážáŹá¸áážáŹáááşááąáŹááş
ááąáááşáááŻáˇ ááąáŤáşááźááŹá¸áááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄáááşáĄá°áááŻááşáᏠááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°
ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş áááŻááąá¸áááşáááŻáˇ áĄáá°á á˝ááˇáşááŻááş
áážáŻ áááŻáááşá¸ááŤáááşá SMR áážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáááŻ
á â á áážá áşáĄáá˝ááşá¸ áááŤáááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áááźáŽá¸ ááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°
ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹááᯠá -á áážá áş
áĄáá˝ááşá¸áááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸ááááşá áĄááťááŻáˇ SMR ááŹáážá áş
ááąáŤááşá¸ áá áĄáá˝ááşá¸áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹááááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áá˛
áááşáááŻááşáááşáááşáááŻááşáááşá áááŻáĄáŹá¸ááŹááťááş
á SMR áĄááťááŻá¸áĄá áŹá¸ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáᏠáĄáá°
ááźáąáŹááˇáşááťáąáŹáşááť (Melt Down) ááźá áşáááŻááşáá˛áˇáĄááťááŻá¸
áĄá áŹá¸áááŻááşáá°á¸á áĄááąá¸ááąáŤáşáááŻááŻááźá áşáááş ááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠááťááşááźááşá¸ááááşáá áşáááŻááşáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáá˛áˇ áĄáŹá¸áááşá¸ááťááşá ááŻáśáážááşááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááˇáşáá áşáá ášá ááşá¸ áááŻááťáŹá¸ááťáŹá¸
áá˝ááşáááşá áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááášáááźá˝áá°ááá˝ááş
(Neutron) áááŻá áŽá¸áážáŻáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá SMR á á˝ááˇáşáá áş
ááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááášááááźá˝áá°ááá˝ááş (Radio
Activated Neutron) ááŹáááşááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş
ááŤáááşáážáŻáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá
-
âááąááąáŤáˇâ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻ SMR áážáŹ áá°ááąááŽááś (Urinium)
ááŤáááşáážáŻáĄááťááŻá¸áĄá áŹá¸áááşá¸áá˛áˇ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáááŻ
áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááşá áá°ááąááŽááśáĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá ᏠU-
235 áá˛áˇ á ááŹáááŻááşáá°ááşá¸áááˇáşáᲠáĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáĄááźá áş
áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááşá SMR áážáŹ áĄááŻááźá°ááąáŹááşá ᏠU-235
áááŻáááŻá¸áá°ááźáŽá¸ áááşáááşááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛áááźáŻááŻááşáááŻááşáĄáąáŹááş
ááŹáá˝ááşáážáŻá áá áşááŤáážááááşá U -235 (Uranium
235) áááŻáᏠáĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻá áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááş
ááŻáśá¸ááąááŹááşáááşáááşášááąáŹááźáŽá¸ááťáŹá¸áá˛áˇ áĄáá°ááźá°áááş
áááşááťáŹá¸áážáŹ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáá˛áˇ áá°ááąááŽááśááąáŹááşá áŹááśáááş
ááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
ááŻáśáážááşááťážááşá á áşááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ááąá¸ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻ
áááşá áŹáááş SMR ááŹááťážááşá á áş á ááŽááŤáááşááŻááşááŻááş
áážáŻá áŹá¸ááááşáááŻááźáŽá¸ááźááˇáşáááşá ááŤááźáąáŹááˇáşááťážááşá á áşááŤááş
áĄáŹá¸áĄáá˝ááş SMR áááŻáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááş ááŽááŤáááşááŻááş
ááŻááşáážáŻá áŹá¸ááááşáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá
-
ááŤááźáąáŹááˇáş á áŽá¸áá˝áŹá¸ááąá¸áĄááá˝ááşááźáąááááŻááşáááŻáˇ
áĄááąáááááşáááŻááşááśá SMR áááŻááááşááááşá¸ááŹá¸ááŹ
ááźáŹááźáŽá SMR áááŻáááşáááşáááŻáˇ ááźááşáááąááááŻáĄááşáááŻáˇ
ááźá áşááŹá¸ááťáąáŹááşá¸ááŹá¸áĄááŽá¸áááŻááşáᲠáááŻááşááŹá¸ááťááşáá˛áˇ
ááŻááşá¸ááąáŤááşááąáŤááşáážáŹáááşá¸ SMR ááᯠáááşáááşáááş
áááşá áąáááŻááşááŤáááşá
-
áĄáá°á¸áááźááˇáş áááşáážááááŹááŤááşáĄáŹá¸áááŻááşá¸á áá áşáá˛
áááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áááŻááşáááŻáˇ áĄáááˇáşááąáŹáşááŻáśá¸ááąááŹááᯠáá˝áąá¸ááťááş
áááŻááşááŤáááşá SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ ááŤááşáá°áá ášá ááşá¸
(Catalyst) áĄááźá áş ááŽáááşááᯠáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻááááşá
-
ááźááşááŹáááŻááşááśá á áşáááŻááşá¸áááŻááşá¸áĄáááşáááŻááşá¸ ááŽá¸ááťááŻááˇáşááźááŻáˇ
áĄáážáąáˇáááşáááşá¸ áááąáŹááşá¸ááąáŹááşáážáŹ áááŻááş
ááŻáášáááŽááᯠááŽáááşáĄááźáŽá¸áĄááťááşááŻááşááŻááşááą
ááŹááźáŹáážááŤááźáŽá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááŻáśá¸ áááşááąáŹááşááŻááşááŻááş
áážáŻá áŹá¸ááááş á ááŽááŤáááşááŹááŽááᯠáĄááąáááááşááąáŤáşáᏠá á
ááąáŤáşááŹáážááááş ( áááá áážá áşáááşááąá¸)á áĄááŻááŽááąá¸
áááááŻááşááąáŹáˇáá°á¸á ááášááŹáážáŹáááşáážáŹá¸áá˛áˇ SMR ááŻááş
ááŻááşáá°ááťáŹá¸ GE, Hitachi, Moltex (Canada) áá˛áˇ
áĄááźáŹá¸áĄááąáááááşááŻáášáááŽááťáŹá¸ ááááşááŻáśá¸áážáŹáážááááşá
Roll-Royce ááŻáášáááŽáááş ááąáŹááşáá˛áˇ ááá ááŽááŤ
áááş SMR áááŻáśá¸áĄáá˝ááşááźáą áá á§ááááŻáĄááşáááşá
Ref : Wikipedia, áá˝ááşáŚá¸(áááşáááşá¸)
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸ááᯠáĄááźáąáŹááşá¸ ááááąáŹááşá¸á ááŹ
*******
ááŽááąáˇ ááźáąá¸ááŻáśááááşá¸á áŹáážáŹ ááŻáážáŹá¸áááŻááşááśáĄáá°áĄááŽáá˛áˇ
ááźááşááŹáááŻááşááśáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸
áááşááąáŹááşáááˇáşááááşá¸ ááŤááŹáááşá áĄáážááş
ááááşá áááşáááşá áŹá¸á áᏠááááşá¸áá°á¸ááŤá
-
áááşááąáŹááşáááˇáş ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸ááᯠ(Reactor) á
ááŻáśáážááşáááşááąáŹááşááąááź áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻ
áááŻááşáᲠSMR (Small Modular Reactor) ááąáŤáş
áá˛áˇááźáŻááşáááşáá˝ááşáĄáááˇáşááŻáśá¸ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸
áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áááŻáˇ ááááááşá
-
ááŻáśá¸á áśáĄáááŻááşá¸ Googling ááŻááşááźáŽá¸ áááşáááťážáážááş
áááťáž ááąáŤááşáááşááťáááŻááşááŤáááşá
-
SMR (Small Modular Reactor) áááŻáᏠáĄáá°ááźá°
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸ááźá áşááźáŽá¸ áĄáá˝ááşáĄá áŹá¸ááąáŤáş
áá°áááşááźáŽá¸ ááťážááşá á áşááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ áá ááŽááŤáááşááž ááá
ááŽááŤáááşáá ááŻááşááŻááşáááŻááşá á˝ááşá¸áážááááşá ááá ááŽááŤáááş
áááŻáᏠááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ááąá¸á ááşááŻáśááŻááşááŻááş
áááŻááşá á˝ááşá¸áá˛áˇ ááŽááŤáááş ááŻáśá¸ááŻáśáááŻáśáá˛áážááááşá SMR ááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠáááąááŹáážáŹ áĄá áááşáĄáááŻááşá¸áĄáááŻááş
áĄááźáŽá¸áááşááąáŹááşááźáŽá¸ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááˇáşááąááŹáááŻ
áááşá¸ááąáŹáá˛áˇ áááşáá°ááŹááźáŽá¸ áĄááťáááşáááŻáĄáá˝ááşá¸
áááşáááşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááŻááşáá˛áˇ ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááťááŻá¸
áĄá áŹá¸ááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ ááąááąáŤáˇ (Light Water)
ááᯠáĄáĄáąá¸ááśáĄáááş (Coolant) áĄááźá áşáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻ
áááşá SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áážáŹ ááŹáááş
áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠáĄáá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáááą ááąáá˝áąá¸
áá˝áąáˇááŹáááŻááşáá˛áˇááťááşáááąááŹááᯠáááşáááşá áąááźáŽá¸ ááťážááş
á á áşá á˝ááşá¸áĄááşááᯠááŻááşááŻááşááąá¸áážáŹááŤá SMR á áĄáá°
á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáááąááᯠááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇáĄááźá áşááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛á áąááźáŽá¸
ááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇááŹáááŻááş (Turbine) ááᯠáááşáááşá áąááźáŽá¸
Generator áááááˇáşááťážááşá á áşá á˝ááşá¸áĄááşááᯠááŻááş
ááŻááşááąá¸áá˛áˇá áá áşááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄááąá¸á áŹá¸áᏠááŹáááşáĄáá°ááźá°
ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş ááąááŽáááŻááášáááźá˝ áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááˇáş
áá áşáá ášá ááşá¸ááŻááşááŻááşáážáŹ á áááž áĄá áá áĄáá
áááŻááťáŹá¸áááşáááŻáᏠáĄááąáááááşáĄáá°ááźá°áááášááśáááŹ
áážááşááťáŹá¸ áá˝áąáˇáážáááŹá¸áááşá áĄááźááşááźááşáááŻááşááŹ
áĄááŻááźá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááşáĄáąááťááşá Ꭰ(IAEA) á SMR áááŻ
áĄáŹááťááşááŽá¸ááŹá¸á áááŻááşáá˛áˇ ááŻáážáŹá¸áážáŹáááşááąáŹááş
ááąáááşáááŻáˇ ááąáŤáşááźááŹá¸áááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáĄáááşáĄá°áááŻááşáᏠááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°
ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş áááŻááąá¸áááşáááŻáˇ áĄáá°á á˝ááˇáşááŻááş
áážáŻ áááŻáááşá¸ááŤáááşá SMR áážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáááŻ
á â á áážá áşáĄáá˝ááşá¸ áááŤáááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áááźáŽá¸ ááŻáśáážááşáĄáá°
ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹááᯠá -á áážá áş
áĄáá˝ááşá¸áááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸ááááşá áĄááťááŻáˇ SMR ááŹáážá áş
ááąáŤááşá¸ áá áĄáá˝ááşá¸áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹááááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áá˛
áááşáááŻááşáááşáááşáááŻááşáááşá áááŻáĄáŹá¸ááŹááťááş
á SMR áĄááťááŻá¸áĄá áŹá¸ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáᏠáĄáá°
ááźáąáŹááˇáşááťáąáŹáşááť (Melt Down) ááźá áşáááŻááşáá˛áˇáĄááťááŻá¸
áĄá áŹá¸áááŻááşáá°á¸á áĄááąá¸ááąáŤáşáááŻááŻááźá áşáááş ááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻááᯠááťááşááźááşá¸ááááşáá áşáááŻááşáááşá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáá˛áˇ áĄáŹá¸áááşá¸ááťááşá ááŻáśáážááşááŤááş
ááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááˇáşáá áşáá ášá ááşá¸ áááŻááťáŹá¸ááťáŹá¸
áá˝ááşáááşá áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááášáááźá˝áá°ááá˝ááş
(Neutron) áááŻá áŽá¸áážáŻáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá SMR á á˝ááˇáşáá áş
ááąáá˝áąá¸áá˝áąáˇáážáŹ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááášááááźá˝áá°ááá˝ááş (Radio
Activated Neutron) ááŹáááşááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááş
ááŤáááşáážáŻáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá
-
âááąááąáŤáˇâ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻ SMR áážáŹ áá°ááąááŽááś (Urinium)
ááŤáááşáážáŻáĄááťááŻá¸áĄá áŹá¸áááşá¸áá˛áˇ áĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáááŻ
áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááşá áá°ááąááŽááśáĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá ᏠU-
235 áá˛áˇ á ááŹáááŻááşáá°ááşá¸áááˇáşáᲠáĄáá°ááźá°ááąáŹááşá áŹáĄááźá áş
áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááşá SMR áážáŹ áĄááŻááźá°ááąáŹááşá ᏠU-235
áááŻáááŻá¸áá°ááźáŽá¸ áááşáááşááźáąáŹááşá¸áá˛áááźáŻááŻááşáááŻááşáĄáąáŹááş
ááŹáá˝ááşáážáŻá áá áşááŤáážááááşá U -235 (Uranium
235) áááŻáᏠáĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻá áĄáá°ááźá°á á˝ááşá¸áĄááş
ááŻáśá¸ááąááŹááşáááşáááşášááąáŹááźáŽá¸ááťáŹá¸áá˛áˇ áĄáá°ááźá°áááş
áááşááťáŹá¸áážáŹ áĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáá˛áˇ áá°ááąááŽááśááąáŹááşá áŹááśáááş
ááźá áşááŤáááşá
-
ááŻáśáážááşááťážááşá á áşááŤááşáĄáŹá¸ááąá¸ áĄáá°ááźá°ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻ
áááşá áŹáááş SMR ááŹááťážááşá á áş á ááŽááŤáááşááŻááşááŻááş
áážáŻá áŹá¸ááááşáááŻááźáŽá¸ááźááˇáşáááşá ááŤááźáąáŹááˇáşááťážááşá á áşááŤááş
áĄáŹá¸áĄáá˝ááş SMR áááŻáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻáááş ááŽááŤáááşááŻááş
ááŻááşáážáŻá áŹá¸ááááşáááŻááťáŹá¸áááşá
-
ááŤááźáąáŹááˇáş á áŽá¸áá˝áŹá¸ááąá¸áĄááá˝ááşááźáąááááŻááşáááŻáˇ
áĄááąáááááşáááŻááşááśá SMR áááŻááááşááááşá¸ááŹá¸ááŹ
ááźáŹááźáŽá SMR áááŻáááşáááşáááŻáˇ ááźááşáááąááááŻáĄááşáááŻáˇ
ááźá áşááŹá¸ááťáąáŹááşá¸ááŹá¸áĄááŽá¸áááŻááşáᲠáááŻááşááŹá¸ááťááşáá˛áˇ
ááŻááşá¸ááąáŤááşááąáŤááşáážáŹáááşá¸ SMR ááᯠáááşáááşáááş
áááşá áąáááŻááşááŤáááşá
-
áĄáá°á¸áááźááˇáş áááşáážááááŹááŤááşáĄáŹá¸áááŻááşá¸á áá áşáá˛
áááˇáşáá˝ááşá¸áááŻááşáááŻáˇ áĄáááˇáşááąáŹáşááŻáśá¸ááąááŹááᯠáá˝áąá¸ááťááş
áááŻááşááŤáááşá SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáážáŹ ááŤááşáá°áá ášá ááşá¸
(Catalyst) áĄááźá áş ááŽáááşááᯠáĄááŻáśá¸ááźáŻááááşá
-
ááźááşááŹáááŻááşááśá á áşáááŻááşá¸áááŻááşá¸áĄáááşáááŻááşá¸ ááŽá¸ááťááŻááˇáşááźááŻáˇ
áĄáážáąáˇáááşáááşá¸ áááąáŹááşá¸ááąáŹááşáážáŹ áááŻááş
ááŻáášáááŽááᯠááŽáááşáĄááźáŽá¸áĄááťááşááŻááşááŻááşááą
ááŹááźáŹáážááŤááźáŽá
-
SMR ááŤááşááąáŤááşá¸áááŻáááŻáśá¸ áááşááąáŹááşááŻááşááŻááş
áážáŻá áŹá¸ááááş á ááŽááŤáááşááŹááŽááᯠáĄááąáááááşááąáŤáşáᏠá á
ááąáŤáşááŹáážááááş ( áááá áážá áşáááşááąá¸)á áĄááŻááŽááąá¸
áááááŻááşááąáŹáˇáá°á¸á ááášááŹáážáŹáááşáážáŹá¸áá˛áˇ SMR ááŻááş
ááŻááşáá°ááťáŹá¸ GE, Hitachi, Moltex (Canada) áá˛áˇ
áĄááźáŹá¸áĄááąáááááşááŻáášáááŽááťáŹá¸ ááááşááŻáśá¸áážáŹáážááááşá
Roll-Royce ááŻáášáááŽáááş ááąáŹááşáá˛áˇ ááá ááŽááŤ
áááş SMR áááŻáśá¸áĄáá˝ááşááźáą áá á§ááááŻáĄááşáááşá
Ref : Wikipedia, áá˝ááşáŚá¸(áááşáááşá¸)