Abstract
Sleep, a mysterious #behavior, has recently been recognized as a crucial factor for #health and #longevity. The daily sleep/wake #cycle provides the basis of #biorhythms controlling whole-body #homeostasis and #homeodynamics; therefore, #disruption of sleep causes several #physical and #psychological disorders, including #cardiovascular disease, #obesity, #diabetes, #cancer, #anxiety, #depression, and #cognitive #dysfunction. However, the mechanism linking sleep disturbances and sleep-related disorders remains unknown. #Orexin (also known as #hypocretin) is a #neuropeptide produced in the #hypothalamus. Central levels of orexin #oscillate with the #daily #rhythm and #peak at the #awake phase. Orexin plays a major role in #stabilizing the #wakefulness state. Orexin deficiency causes sleep/wake-state instability, resulting in #narcolepsy. Hyper-activation of the orexin system also causes sleep disturbances, such as #insomnia, and hence, #suvorexant, an orexin #receptor #antagonist, has been clinically used to treat insomnia. Importantly, central actions of orexin regulate #motivated behaviors, #stress response, and #energy/glucose #metabolism by coordinating the central-#autonomic #nervous systems and #endocrine systems. These multiple actions of orexin maintain #survival. However, it remains unknown whether chronopharmacological interventions targeting the orexin system ameliorate sleep-related disorders as well as sleep in humans. To understand the significance of adequate orexin action for #prevention of these disorders, this review summarizes the #physiological functions of daily orexin action and #pathological implications of its mistimed or reduced action in sleep disturbances and sleep-related disorders (#lifestyle-related physical and #neurological disorders in particular). Timed administration of drugs targeting the orexin system may prevent lifestyle-related diseases by improving the #quality of #life (#QOL) in #patients with sleep disturbances.
لینک منبع پیشنهادی برای مطالعه بیشتر 👇🏻(further reading)👇🏻
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.12.010
✅(در صورت جذابیت و علاقمندی به موضوع، مطلب را برای دیگران نیز بازنشر فرمایید).
📢کانال #دکترامیرمحمدشهسوارانی
🍃🌹🌸💐🌸🌹🍃
@DrAmirMohammadShahsavarani
Sleep, a mysterious #behavior, has recently been recognized as a crucial factor for #health and #longevity. The daily sleep/wake #cycle provides the basis of #biorhythms controlling whole-body #homeostasis and #homeodynamics; therefore, #disruption of sleep causes several #physical and #psychological disorders, including #cardiovascular disease, #obesity, #diabetes, #cancer, #anxiety, #depression, and #cognitive #dysfunction. However, the mechanism linking sleep disturbances and sleep-related disorders remains unknown. #Orexin (also known as #hypocretin) is a #neuropeptide produced in the #hypothalamus. Central levels of orexin #oscillate with the #daily #rhythm and #peak at the #awake phase. Orexin plays a major role in #stabilizing the #wakefulness state. Orexin deficiency causes sleep/wake-state instability, resulting in #narcolepsy. Hyper-activation of the orexin system also causes sleep disturbances, such as #insomnia, and hence, #suvorexant, an orexin #receptor #antagonist, has been clinically used to treat insomnia. Importantly, central actions of orexin regulate #motivated behaviors, #stress response, and #energy/glucose #metabolism by coordinating the central-#autonomic #nervous systems and #endocrine systems. These multiple actions of orexin maintain #survival. However, it remains unknown whether chronopharmacological interventions targeting the orexin system ameliorate sleep-related disorders as well as sleep in humans. To understand the significance of adequate orexin action for #prevention of these disorders, this review summarizes the #physiological functions of daily orexin action and #pathological implications of its mistimed or reduced action in sleep disturbances and sleep-related disorders (#lifestyle-related physical and #neurological disorders in particular). Timed administration of drugs targeting the orexin system may prevent lifestyle-related diseases by improving the #quality of #life (#QOL) in #patients with sleep disturbances.
لینک منبع پیشنهادی برای مطالعه بیشتر 👇🏻(further reading)👇🏻
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.12.010
✅(در صورت جذابیت و علاقمندی به موضوع، مطلب را برای دیگران نیز بازنشر فرمایید).
📢کانال #دکترامیرمحمدشهسوارانی
🍃🌹🌸💐🌸🌹🍃
@DrAmirMohammadShahsavarani