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ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุจุณุท
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ุงู„ูˆุฑู… ุงู„ุนุฑู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠ ๐Ÿ”…Hemangioma ูู€ู„ู†ุจุฏุฃ ูŠุงุฑููุงู‚ ุจุฃู‡ู… ูˆุตู ุนู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆุฑู…: ๐Ÿ”…ุชูƒุงุซุฑ ุฃูˆ -ูˆุฑู…- ุญู…ูŠู‘ุฏ ๐Ÿ”…ุดุงุฆุน ู†ุณุจูŠุงู‹ ู„ู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ A fairly common tumor ๐Ÿ”…ูŠุชุทูˆุฑ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุทููˆู„ุฉ _____________________ โญ•๏ธ ู‡ู„ ูŠุชูˆุงุฌุฏ ูู‚ุท ููŠ ุงู„ูู… ุŸ ๐Ÿ”… ู„ุง ุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠุชูˆุงุฌุฏโ€ฆ
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ุฏูƒุงุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌูˆุงุจู‡ู… Hemangioma , ุฃุชู…ู†ู‰ ุชุฑุฌุนูˆู† ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุงู‹ ู„ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูƒุงู…ู„ุงู‹ ,ูˆู„ุชูƒูˆู† ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ูˆุฑูƒุฒูˆุง ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ุงู„ูุฑู‚ ุงู„ุฌูˆู‡ุฑูŠ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ Lesions (:

-ู„ุฃู† ุฑุงุญ ู†ุจู„ุด ู†ุฒุนู„ ู…ู† ุจุนุถ๐Ÿ˜โ™ฅ๏ธ!
โค13๐Ÿ‘4๐Ÿ”ฅ4
โœจ ุชุญุฏูŠุซ ุถุฎู… ู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุฏูŠู†ุชูŠุชูŠ
ุงู„ุขู† ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุชุนู„ู‘ู…ุŒ ุชุทุจู‚ุŒ ูˆุชุชูˆุงุตู„ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฐูƒู‰ ู…ู† ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ุณุงุจู‚! ๐Ÿš€๐Ÿฆท
๐Ÿ“Œ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠู†ุชุธุฑูƒ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุซุŸ
โ€ข ุญูุธ ูˆุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ู…ุฑุถุงูƒ ูˆุญุงู„ุงุชูƒ ุจุณู‡ูˆู„ุฉ
โ€ข ููŠุฏูŠูˆู‡ุงุช ุชุนู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌูˆุฏุฉ
โ€ข ุงุฎุชุจุงุฑุงุช ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ุชู‚ูŠู‘ู… ู…ุณุชูˆุงูƒ ูˆุชุทูˆู‘ุฑูƒ
โ€ข ุฅู†ุดุงุก ุญุณุงุจ ุทุจูŠุจ ูˆุจู†ุงุก ุดุจูƒุฉ ุนู„ุงู‚ุงุช ู…ู‡ู†ูŠุฉ
โ€ข ุฃุญุฏุซ ุงู„ุฃุจุญุงุซ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุจุณู‘ุทุฉ ูˆู…ู…ุชุนุฉ
โ€ข ู„ูˆุญุฉ ุฅุนู„ุงู†ุงุช ุจูŠุนุŒ ุดุฑุงุกุŒ ู†ุดุฑ ูˆุธุงุฆู ูˆุฏูˆุฑุงุช
โ€ข ูˆุงู„ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู‚ุงุฏู… ๐Ÿ”ฅ
ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุชุญุชุงุฌู‡ ููŠ ุทุจ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ููŠ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ูˆุงุญุฏ
๐Ÿ‘‡ ุญู…ู‘ู„ ุงู„ุขู†
ู…ุชูˆูุฑ ุนู„ู‰ Google Play ูˆ App Store
โค39
๐ƒ ๐ž ๐ง ๐ญ ๐ข ๐ญ ๐ฒ
Mandibular Vertical Portion?
ุฅูุชุญูˆุง ุงู„ฺคูŠุฏูŠูˆ ุฑุงุญ ูŠุณู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ูˆุฅู†ุชุธุฑูˆุง ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ุณุญูˆุฑ ุดุฑุญ ู…ูุตู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุฌูˆุงุจ ุฑุงุญ ูŠููŠุฏูƒู… ุจุงู„ุฅู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช (:

ุฏ.ุณู€ุงุฑุฉ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ูƒุงุชุจ
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๐Ÿ”†ุงู„ู€ Ramus of mandible (ูุฑุน ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ) ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏูŠ ุงู„ุตุงุนุฏ ู…ู† Mandible. ูŠุนุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู‡ู… ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ููƒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฑุจุท ุฌุณู… ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ุจุจู‚ูŠุฉ ุนุธุงู… ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ูˆูŠุณู…ุญ ุจุงู„ุญุฑูƒุงุช ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู„ู„ูู… ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู…ุถุบ ูˆุงู„ูƒู„ุงู….

๐Ÿ”…The Ramus of mandible is the vertical ascending part of the Mandible. It is one of the most important components of the jaw because it connects the body of the mandible to the rest of the skull and allows essential mouth movements such as chewing and speaking.
___

๐Ÿ”†ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ Ramus of mandibleุŸ โ€“ What is the Ramus of the Mandible?

๐Ÿ”…ู‡ูˆ ุตููŠุญุฉ ุนุธู…ูŠุฉ ุนู…ูˆุฏูŠุฉ ุชุตุนุฏ ู…ู† ุฌุณู… ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ. ูŠู…ุชู„ูƒ ูƒู„ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูุฑุนูŠู† ู„ู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ููŠ ูƒู„ ุฌู‡ุฉ (ุงู„ูŠู…ู†ู‰ ูˆุงู„ูŠุณุฑู‰).

๐Ÿ”…ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุฑุจุท ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ุจู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ูˆุชูˆููŠุฑ ู…ู†ุงุทู‚ ู„ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุถุบ.

๐Ÿ”…It is a vertical bony plate that rises from the body of the mandible. Every person has two rami of the mandible, one on each side (right and left).

๐Ÿ”…Its primary function is to connect the mandible to the base of the skull and provide attachment sites for the muscles of mastication.
โค8
๐Ÿ”†ุฃู‡ู… ูˆุธุงุฆูู‡ โ€“ Main Functions

โ€ข ๐Ÿ”…ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุถุบ โ€“ Mastication
ูŠุนู…ู„ ูƒุฑุงูุนุฉ ู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุถุบ ู…ุซู„ Masseter muscle ูˆ Temporalis muscleุŒ ู…ู…ุง ูŠุณู…ุญ ู„ู„ููƒ ุจุฅู†ุชุงุฌ ู‚ูˆุฉ ู…ุถุบ ู‚ุฏ ุชุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ 500โ€“700 ู†ูŠูˆุชู†.
It acts as a mechanical lever for the muscles of mastication such as the Masseter muscle and Temporalis muscle, enabling the jaw to generate chewing forces that may reach 500โ€“700 newtons.

โ€ข ๐Ÿ”…ุชุดูƒูŠู„ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ โ€“ Facial Structure
ูŠุณุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ ุนุฑุถ ุงู„ููƒ ูˆุฒุงูˆูŠุชู‡ุŒ ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑุงู‹ ู…ู‡ู…ุงู‹ ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ูˆุฌู‡ ูˆุชู†ุงุณู‚ู‡.
It contributes to determining the width and angle of the jaw, playing an important role in facial shape and symmetry.

โ€ข ๐Ÿ”…ุญู…ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฃุนุตุงุจ โ€“ Nerve Protection
ูŠู…ุฑ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ Inferior alveolar nerve ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ ุนู† ุงู„ุฅุญุณุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุดูุฉ ุงู„ุณูู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ุฐู‚ู†.
The Inferior alveolar nerve passes through it and provides sensation to the lower teeth, lower lip, and chin.

โ€ข ๐Ÿ”…ุฃู‡ู…ูŠุฉ ุณุฑูŠุฑูŠุฉ โ€“ Clinical Importance
ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุชุฎุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู† ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ Inferior alveolar nerve block ุนู„ู‰ ุชุญุฏูŠุฏ Mandibular foramen ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณุทุญ ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠ ู„ู„ู€ ramus.
Lower dental anesthesia using the Inferior alveolar nerve block depends on locating the Mandibular foramen on the medial surface of the ramus.

๐Ÿ”†ูƒู…ุง ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู… ููŠ ุฌุฑุงุญุฉ ุชุตุญูŠุญ ุงู„ููƒูŠู† ู…ุซู„ Sagittal split ramus osteotomy.
It is also used in corrective jaw surgery such as Sagittal split ramus osteotomy.



๐Ÿ”†ุงู„ู…ุตู€ู€ุงุฏุฑ :
References
โ€ข Grayโ€™s Anatomy for Students, 4th ed., pp. 992โ€“996
โ€ข Clinically Oriented Anatomy, 8th ed., pp. 848โ€“852
โ€ข Netterโ€™s Atlas of Human Anatomy, 8th ed., Plates 39โ€“41
โ€ข Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 7th ed., pp. 30โ€“34
โ€ข Petersonโ€™s Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 3rd ed., pp. 245โ€“249
๐Ÿ’Œ:)
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โ€ขุฏ.ุณู€ู€ุงุฑุฉ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ูƒู€ุงุชุจ
โค5๐Ÿ‘2๐Ÿ”ฅ1
WHICH BONE IS HIGHLIGHTED IN YELLOW?
Anonymous Quiz
83%
Temporal bone
14%
Zygomatic bone
3%
Nasal bones
๐Ÿ”†Temporal bone

๐Ÿ”…The temporal bone is a paired bone located on each side of the skull. It forms part of the lateral wall and the base of the skull and protects important structures of the middle and inner ear, which are responsible for hearing and balance. It also participates in jaw movement by forming the temporomandibular joint with the mandible, and its zygomatic process contributes to the formation of the zygomatic arch.

๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุนุธู… ุงู„ุตุฏุบูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุธู… ุฒูˆุฌูŠ ูŠู‚ุน ุนู„ู‰ ุฌุงู†ุจูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉุŒ ูˆูŠูƒูˆู‘ู† ุฌุฒุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠ ูˆู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ. ูƒู…ุง ูŠุญู…ูŠ ุชุฑุงูƒูŠุจ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ูˆุณุทู‰ ูˆุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุณุคูˆู„ุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุณู…ุน ูˆุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒู†ุŒ ูˆูŠุดุงุฑูƒ ููŠ ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ููƒ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู…ูุตู„ ุงู„ููƒูŠ ุงู„ุตุฏุบูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ููƒ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุŒ ูƒู…ุง ูŠุณุงู‡ู… ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฆ ุงู„ูˆุฌู†ูŠ ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุชูƒูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ูˆุณ ุงู„ูˆุฌู†ูŠ.

๐Ÿ”†| Main parts of the temporal bone | ๐Ÿ”†
๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุนุธู… ุงู„ุตุฏุบูŠ

๐Ÿ”…Squamous part: a thin, flat portion forming part of the lateral wall of the skull and giving rise to the zygomatic process.
๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุญุฑุดููŠ: ุฌุฒุก ุฑู‚ูŠู‚ ูˆู…ุณุทุญ ูŠูƒูˆู‘ู† ุฌุฒุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠ ู„ู„ุฌู…ุฌู…ุฉ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠ ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฆ ุงู„ูˆุฌู†ูŠ.

Tympanic part: surrounds the external acoustic meatus.
๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุทุจู„ูŠ: ูŠุญูŠุท ุจูุชุญุฉ ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุณู…ุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ.

๐Ÿ”…Mastoid part: contains mastoid air cells and provides attachment for neck muscles.
๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฎูุดู‘ุงุฆูŠ: ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ู‡ูˆุงุฆูŠุฉ ูˆูŠุดูƒู‘ู„ ู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงุฑุชุจุงุท ู„ุจุนุถ ุนุถู„ุงุช ุงู„ุฑู‚ุจุฉ.

๐Ÿ”…Petrous part: the densest part of the bone and houses inner ear structures such as the cochlea and vestibular apparatus.
๐Ÿ”…ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุตุฎุฑูŠ: ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ุงู„ุนุธู… ุตู„ุงุจุฉ ูˆูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุชุฑุงูƒูŠุจ ุงู„ุฃุฐู† ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ูŠุฉ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู‚ุนุฉ ูˆุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ุชูˆุงุฒู†.

Important landmarks | ๐Ÿ”†ู…ุนุงู„ู… ุชุดุฑูŠุญูŠุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ๐Ÿ”†

External acoustic meatusโž–
ุงู„ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุงู„ุณู…ุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุฑุฌูŠุฉ

Mastoid processโž–
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฆ ุงู„ุฎูุดู‘ุงุฆูŠ

Styloid processโž–
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฆ ุงู„ุฅุจุฑูŠ

Mandibular fossaโž–
ุงู„ุญูุฑุฉ ุงู„ููƒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠุฉ

Zygomatic processโž–
ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฆ ุงู„ูˆุฌู†ูŠ

Sources | ๐Ÿ”† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุฌุน

Grayโ€™s Anatomy for Students
Clinically Oriented Anatomy
Netterโ€™s Atlas of Human Anatomy
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ุนูŠุฏูƒู… ู…ุจุงุฑูƒ ูˆูŠู†ุนุงุฏ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุฃุญุจุงุจูƒู… ุจุงู„ุฎูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุจุฑูƒุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ โ™ฅ๏ธ๐Ÿ”†...
_________

โ€ข ุฏ.ุณู€ุงุฑุฉ ุฃุญู…ุฏ ูƒุงุชุจ
โค14
ุจุฏุงูŠุฉ ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุงุดุนุฉ ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูŠุญุชุงุฌ ุซู‚ุฉ ู„ู„ุทุงู„ุจ ุงูˆ ุงู„ุฎุฑูŠุฌ ุงู„ุฌุฏูŠุฏ!!

ุงู„ุญู„ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ ุงู„ุจุตุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุดุงุช ุงู„ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุญุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ูุฏูŠูˆ

ุฌู…ุนุช ุงุดุนุฉ ููŠู‡ุง ุดูŠ ู…ู…ูŠุฒ ูˆุฑุญ ู†ุฏุฎู„ ููŠ ู†ู‚ุงุด ูˆู†ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ุญูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ูˆุดุฎูŠุตู‡ุง ูˆุดู†ูˆ ุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ูŠ ูŠู…ุดูŠ ุญุณุจ ุงู„ุงุดุนุฉ ุงู„ูŠ ู†ุดูˆูู‡ุง

ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุชุฒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ ูˆุชู…ุฑ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุงุบู„ุจ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช

ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ ู…ู…ุชุนุฉ๐Ÿ˜‰

https://youtu.be/t2GObRJypVI
โค37๐Ÿ‘6
ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุฏูŠูˆ ุณู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุดูŠุก ูŠุณู…ู‰ ุจ rarefying osteitis
ูˆู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ุงู„ุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุญุตู„ ุญูˆู„ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุณู† ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ู…ูˆุช ุงู„ุนุตุจ

ูˆุณู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุงูŠุถุง ุนู† ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุดุจู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฐูˆุจุงู† ูˆูƒูŠู ู†ู…ูŠุฒู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ ูƒุณุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆุฏูŠ
vertical root fracture
ูˆุบูŠุฑู‡ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ุงุฎุฑู‰
ุญู„ู‚ุฉ ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุงูŠ ุดุฎุต ูŠุฑูŠุฏ ุชุนู„ู… ุชุดุฎูŠุต ุงุดุนุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณู†ุงู†
ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉ ู…ู…ุชุนุฉโ˜บ๏ธ๐Ÿ˜‰

https://youtu.be/2f3eMe-9AAw
โค26๐Ÿ”ฅ2
ูุฏูŠูˆุงุช ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุฏูŠู†ุชูŠุชูŠ ุงุตุจุญุช ุงู„ุฃู† ู…ุฌุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ุฌู…ูŠุน!!

ุญู…ู„ ุงู„ุชุญุฏูŠุซ ุงู„ุงุฎูŠุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุดุงู‡ุฏุฉโ˜บ๏ธ
โค45๐Ÿ”ฅ9