Topic: Python Classes and Objects — Basics of Object-Oriented Programming

Python supports object-oriented programming (OOP), allowing you to model real-world entities using classes and objects.

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Defining a Class

class Person:
    def __init__(self, name, age):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age

    def greet(self):
        print(f"Hello, my name is {self.name} and I am {self.age} years old.")

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Creating Objects

person1 = Person("Alice", 30)
person1.greet()  # Output: Hello, my name is Alice and I am 30 years old.

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Key Concepts

• Class: Blueprint for creating objects.

• Object: Instance of a class.

• __init__ method: Constructor that initializes object attributes.

• self parameter: Refers to the current object instance.

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Adding Methods

class Circle:
    def __init__(self, radius):
        self.radius = radius

    def area(self):
        return 3.1416 * self.radius ** 2

circle = Circle(5)
print(circle.area())  # Output: 78.54

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Inheritance

• Allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class.

class Animal:
    def speak(self):
        print("Animal speaks")

class Dog(Animal):
    def speak(self):
        print("Woof!")

dog = Dog()
dog.speak()  # Output: Woof!

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Summary

• Classes and objects are core to Python OOP.

• Use class keyword to define classes.

• Initialize attrinitith __init__ method.

• Objects are instances of classes.

• Inheritance enables code reuse and polymorphism.

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#Python #OOP #Classes #Objects #ProgrammingConcepts