1. Simply Supported Beam
Support Type: One end has a hinge/pin, and the other has a roller.
Behavior: It can resist vertical loads but allows rotation and horizontal movement at the roller end.
Common Use: Bridges, basic structural beams.
2. Fixed Beam (or Built-in Beam)
Support Type: Both ends are fixed (rigidly held).
Behavior: It resists vertical loads, horizontal forces, and moments (rotation is restricted).
Common Use: Building frames, rigid structures.
3. Cantilever Beam
Support Type: One end is fixed, and the other end is free.
Behavior: The fixed end resists vertical load, horizontal forces, and moments. The free end can deflect and rotate.
Common Use: Balconies, overhangs, diving boards.
Support Type: One end has a hinge/pin, and the other has a roller.
Behavior: It can resist vertical loads but allows rotation and horizontal movement at the roller end.
Common Use: Bridges, basic structural beams.
2. Fixed Beam (or Built-in Beam)
Support Type: Both ends are fixed (rigidly held).
Behavior: It resists vertical loads, horizontal forces, and moments (rotation is restricted).
Common Use: Building frames, rigid structures.
3. Cantilever Beam
Support Type: One end is fixed, and the other end is free.
Behavior: The fixed end resists vertical load, horizontal forces, and moments. The free end can deflect and rotate.
Common Use: Balconies, overhangs, diving boards.
❤2
2/2
4. Overhanging Beam
Support Type: Like a simply supported beam but with one or both ends extending beyond the support.
Behavior: Combines features of simply supported and cantilever beams.
Common Use: Bridges, balconies with overhangs.
5. Continuous Beam
Support Type: Supported on more than two supports.
Behavior: Reduces bending moment at mid-span, more stable under varying loads.
Common Use: Long-span bridges, multi-span floors.
4. Overhanging Beam
Support Type: Like a simply supported beam but with one or both ends extending beyond the support.
Behavior: Combines features of simply supported and cantilever beams.
Common Use: Bridges, balconies with overhangs.
5. Continuous Beam
Support Type: Supported on more than two supports.
Behavior: Reduces bending moment at mid-span, more stable under varying loads.
Common Use: Long-span bridges, multi-span floors.
❤2
Quiz
1.Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension
True ❤️
false👍
1.Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension
True ❤️
false👍
❤14👍1
2.aggregate acts as a binding material in concrete
True ❤️
False 👍
True ❤️
False 👍
👍11❤5
Types of Foundation
1. Pad Foundation
A pad foundation (also called an isolated footing) is a square or rectangular concrete base that supports a single column.
How it Works
Each column in the structure rests on its own concrete pad. The pad spreads the load from the column over a larger area of soil so the ground can safely carry the weight.
2. Raft Foundation
A raft foundation, also known as a mat foundation, is a large concrete slab that covers the entire footprint of the building.
How it Works
Instead of supporting each column individually, the raft acts like a large platform that distributes the building load evenly across the soil.
3. Pile Foundation
A pile foundation uses long vertical elements called piles that extend deep into the ground.
How it Works
Piles are driven or drilled into the soil until they reach a stronger layer of soil or rock. The building load is then transferred to this deeper, stronger layer.
1. Pad Foundation
A pad foundation (also called an isolated footing) is a square or rectangular concrete base that supports a single column.
How it Works
Each column in the structure rests on its own concrete pad. The pad spreads the load from the column over a larger area of soil so the ground can safely carry the weight.
2. Raft Foundation
A raft foundation, also known as a mat foundation, is a large concrete slab that covers the entire footprint of the building.
How it Works
Instead of supporting each column individually, the raft acts like a large platform that distributes the building load evenly across the soil.
3. Pile Foundation
A pile foundation uses long vertical elements called piles that extend deep into the ground.
How it Works
Piles are driven or drilled into the soil until they reach a stronger layer of soil or rock. The building load is then transferred to this deeper, stronger layer.
❤2
2/2
4. Pile Raft Foundation
A pile raft foundation is a combination of a raft foundation and pile foundation.
How it Works
A concrete raft spreads the load across the surface soil, while piles extend deeper to provide additional support. Both systems work together to carry the building load.
4. Pile Raft Foundation
A pile raft foundation is a combination of a raft foundation and pile foundation.
How it Works
A concrete raft spreads the load across the surface soil, while piles extend deeper to provide additional support. Both systems work together to carry the building load.
❤1👍1
1. Steel reinforcement in concrete is used mainly to resist tensile forces
True ❤️
False 👍
True ❤️
False 👍
❤4
2. The foundation transfers building loads safely to the ground
True ❤️
False 👍
True ❤️
False 👍
❤4
3. A slump test is used to measure the workability of fresh concrete
True ❤️
False 👍
True ❤️
False 👍
❤4