🔆 PANCHAM Chatbot Launched

📍 What’s the News?
✅ PANCHAM Chatbot was launched by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj on the occasion of the 77th Republic Day.

📍 About PANCHAM
✅ Full Form: Panchayat Assistance & Messaging CHatbot
✅ Nature: AI-based digital chatbot
✅ Purpose: Easy access to government schemes, official data, and updates for grassroots institutions

📍 Objectives
✅ Strengthen responsive, transparent, and accountable grassroots governance

📍 Target Users
✅ Elected representatives (Sarpanches, Ward Members)
✅ Panchayat staff across rural India
✅ Separate interface available for Citizens

📍 Registration & Access
✅ User’s mobile number must be linked with e-Gram Swaraj Portal
✅ Activation via QR code scanning + simple registration

📍 Key Features
✅ Operates through WhatsApp — no advanced technical skills required
✅ Works on basic smartphones with internet
✅ Two Interfaces:
▪ Panchayat Functionaries & Elected Representatives
▪ Citizens
✅ Multilingual support: 22 Indian languages

📍 Services Offered
✅ Direct Communication: Circulars, guidelines, directives via WhatsApp
✅ Two-Way Communication:
▪ Users can ask queries directly
▪ Officials can receive feedback & local issue reports
✅ Real-Time Information: FAQs & updates on MoPR schemes
✅ Training Support:
▪ Short video-based modules
▪ Pre-training communication & post-training feedback

📍 UPSC Relevance
✅ GS2 – Governance | Decentralisation | E-Governance
✅ GS3 – Digital Public Infrastructure

📌 Prelims Pointer:
➡️ PANCHAM is a WhatsApp-based AI chatbot linked with e-Gram Swaraj for Panchayati Raj institutions.

#goverment_schemes

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🔆 PM pays tribute to Punjab Kesari Lala Lajpat Rai on his Birth Anniversary

📍 About Lala Lajpat Rai (1865–1928)
✅ Born in Punjab
✅ Popularly known as “Punjab Kesari”

📍 Key Contributions

📌 Indian Freedom Movement
✅ Leading figure of the Extremist faction of Congress
✅ One of the legendary triumvirates — Lal–Bal–Pal
  (Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal)
✅ President, Indian National Congress — Calcutta Session (1920)
✅ President, All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC) — 1920

📌 Institutions & Movements
✅ Hindu Relief Movement
✅ Indian Home Rule League of America
✅ Servants of the People Society
✅ Played a key role in establishing Punjab National Bank (PNB)

📌 Literary Contributions
✅ Founded ‘The People’ journal
✅ Regular contributor to ‘The Tribune’
✅ Major works:
▪ Unhappy India
▪ Young India: An Interpretation
▪ History of Arya Samaj
▪ England’s Debt to India
▪ Biographies on Mazzini, Garibaldi, Swami Dayanand

📌 Simon Commission Protest (1928)
✅ Led a non-violent march in Lahore against the Simon Commission
✅ Sustained severe head injuries due to police lathi charge
✅ Later succumbed to injuries, becoming a martyr of the freedom struggle

📍 Core Values Associated
✅ Courage
✅ Self-sacrifice
✅ Perseverance
✅ Nationalism

📍 UPSC Relevance
✅ GS1 – Modern Indian History
✅ GS4 – Ethics: Courage, Sacrifice, Leadership

📌 Prelims Pointer:
➡️ Lala Lajpat Rai died due to injuries from lathi charge during Simon Commission protests (1928) — a landmark episode in India’s freedom movement.

#history #prelims #mains

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APPSC GROUP 1 RESULTS

Economic survey 2025-26

https://youtu.be/F4RFHOsfn6Q?si=EAwU0aleYnZ6WHtN

Day 44: 31 January target:

Modern History
Topics:
Backlogs
PYQs


Current Affairs:
No current affairs for today

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🔆 CURRENT AFFAIRS — 30 JANUARY 2026

🔆 ECONOMY & SURVEY

📍 Economic Survey 2025–26
✅ GDP growth (FY26): 7.4% | GVA: 7.3%
✅ Potential growth: ~7% | FY27 outlook: 6.8–7.2%
✅ Avg inflation (Apr–Dec 2025): 1.7%
✅ Gross NPAs: 2.2% (Sept 2025 – multi-decadal low)

📍 Financial Inclusion
✅ PMJDY accounts: 55.02 crore (36.63 crore rural/semi-urban)
✅ Investors: 12 crore+ (25% women)

📍 External Sector
✅ Services exports: $387.6 bn (FY25, +13.6%)
✅ Remittances: $135.4 bn (world’s highest)
✅ Forex reserves: $701.4 bn (11 months import cover)

📍 Power Gap Index (New)
✅ From Asia Power Index
✅ India: strong resources, influence below potential

🔆 AGRICULTURE & RURAL

📍 Foodgrain Output
✅ 3577.3 LMT (AY 2024–25) | +254.3 LMT

📍 PM-KISAN
✅ ₹4.09 lakh crore+ transferred since launch

📍 MGNREGS Reform
✅ Viksit Bharat–GramG aligned with Viksit Bharat 2047

🔆 INDUSTRY & INFRASTRUCTURE

📍 Manufacturing
✅ GVA growth: Q1 7.72% | Q2 9.13%

📍 PLI Scheme
✅ 14 sectors | Investment ₹2 lakh cr+
✅ Output ₹18.7 lakh cr+ | Jobs 12.6 lakh+

📍 Semiconductors
✅ 10 projects | Investment ₹1.60 lakh cr

📍 Infrastructure Push
✅ High-speed corridors: 550 km (2014) → 5,364 km (2026)
✅ Airports: 74 → 164 | Rail lines added (FY26): 3,500 km
✅ India: 3rd largest domestic aviation market

🔆 BANKING & FINANCE

📍 Insurance Innovation
✅ Digit Insurance pays parametric crop claims
📍 Location: Tonk, Rajasthan | ~500 farmers
✅ Based on Water Balance Index (no field survey)

🔆 INTERNATIONAL

📍 Health & Environment
✅ Lancet: Health impact of plastics may double by 2040

📍 Gold Market
✅ Global demand 2025: 5,002 tonnes (record high)

🔆 NATIONAL

📍 Culture & Heritage
✅ Living Root Bridges (Meghalaya) submitted to UNESCO
📍 Evaluation cycle: 2026–27

📍 Maritime Manufacturing
✅ NSHIP-TN mega shipbuilding cluster
📍 Location: Thoothukudi, TN | Outlay: ₹19,989 cr

📍 AI Ecosystem
✅ India ranks 8th globally in AI investment intensity (WEF)

📍 Agriculture Governance
✅ High-level committee to strengthen FPOs in Tamil Nadu

🔆 DEFENCE

📍 Aviation Manufacturing
✅ HAL + Russia (UAC) to produce SJ-100 aircraft in India

📍 Drones
✅ Indian Army selects V-BAT autonomous VTOL drones
📍 Indian manufacturing: JSW Defence (Hyderabad)

🔆 ENVIRONMENT & LIVELIHOODS

📍 Namami Gange
✅ 25 JALAJ livelihood centres inaugurated
✅ Focus: women-led, community river economy

🔆 STATES

📍 Tamil Nadu
✅ Knowledge City Project foundation laid

📍 Assam
✅ Eti Koli Duti Paat Scheme
✅ ₹5,000 to tea workers | ₹15,000 to pregnant workers

📍 Meghalaya
✅ First State-led Spice Festival (Mumbai)

📍 Karnataka
✅ Gig Workers Welfare Development Board notified

🔆 AWARDS & OBITUARY

📍 Republic Day Parade 2026
✅ Best Service Contingent: Indian Navy
✅ Best State Tableau: Maharashtra

📍 Aviation
✅ Delhi IGI Airport — Best Airport (Wings India 2026)

📍 Literature
✅ Arundhati Roy — Mathrubhumi Book of the Year

📍 Obituary
✅ Former India hockey coach Michael Nobbs passes away

#CurrentAffairs

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🔆 Supercapacitors

📍 What’s the News?
✅ Indian researchers have developed a high-voltage supercapacitor using a dual-functional porous graphene carbon nanocomposite (PGCN) electrode.
✅ The innovation can significantly boost electric vehicle (EV) performance and renewable energy storage.

📍 Why is it Important?
✅ Faster acceleration and extended driving range for EVs
✅ Improved solar and grid-scale energy storage efficiency
✅ Supports clean energy transition

📍 About Supercapacitors
✅ Electrochemical devices that store charge via electrostatic action (not chemical reactions like batteries)
✅ Key components: Anode, Cathode, Electrolyte, Separator
✅ Use high specific surface area electrodes and thin dielectrics → very high capacitance

📍 Key Advantages
✅ Long cycle life (millions of charge–discharge cycles)
✅ High power density (rapid charging & discharging)
✅ Environment-friendly and durable

📍 UPSC Relevance
✅ GS3 – Science & Technology | Energy Storage | EVs | Climate Tech

📌 Prelims Pointer:
➡️ Supercapacitors ≠ Batteries → High power delivery but lower energy density than batteries.

#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology

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🚨 RRB Group-D Official Notification Out

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Gupta period political system


#history #prelims #mains

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Gupta period architecture

#history #prelims #mains

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Gupta Empire

#history #prelims #mains

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Economic survey 2025-26

https://youtu.be/F4RFHOsfn6Q?si=EAwU0aleYnZ6WHtN

🔆 PAHAL Scheme

📍 Basics
✅ PAHAL (DBT for LPG) launched in 2013
✅ Ministry: Petroleum & Natural Gas
📍 Objectives
✅ Make LPG distribution efficient, transparent & inclusive
✅ Prevent diversion of subsidised LPG for commercial use
✅ Ensure subsidy goes directly to genuine consumers
📍 How It Works
✅ All LPG cylinders sold at uniform RSP
✅ Subsidy is transferred directly to the consumer’s bank account

#goverment_schemes

1️⃣ UPSC Prelims PYQs (1979-2025) Check here 77 Rs (1000)

2️⃣ Prelims Test Series by Toppers Check here 77 Rs (2000)

3️⃣ Current Affairs Module Check here 77 Rs (2000)

4️⃣ C-SAT Foundation Batch Check here 77 Rs (2000)

5️⃣ C-SAT फाउंडेशन बैच (हिंदी) Check here 77 Rs (2000)

6️⃣ C-SAT Comprehension Tricks (English/ Hinglish /Hindi) Click here 77 Rs (1000)

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@DelhiUpscSecrets_official (Join Us)

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🔆 PAIMANA Portal Launched

📍 What’s the News?
✅ A new web-based portal PAIMANA has been operationalised by the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI).

📍 About PAIMANA
✅ Full Form: Project Assessment, Infrastructure Monitoring & Analytics for Nation-building
✅ Nature: Web-based project monitoring & analytics portal

📍 Key Purpose
✅ Monitoring Central Sector Infrastructure Projects
✅ Covers projects worth ₹150 crore and above

📍 What Does it Replace?
✅ Replaces OCMS-2006 (Online Computerised Monitoring System)

📍 Core Principle
✅ “One data, one entry” → avoids duplication & improves data consistency

📍 Integration & Data Flow
✅ Integrated with Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade’s
Integrated Project Monitoring Portal (IPMP / IIG–PMG)
✅ API-based automatic data flow

📍 Key Features
✅ Centralised national repository of infrastructure projects
✅ Advanced analytics & dashboards
✅ Role-based access control
✅ Reporting & query modules
✅ Data gap identification for better decision-making

📍 Why it Matters?
✅ Improves project monitoring efficiency
✅ Enhances transparency & accountability
✅ Supports evidence-based policymaking

#goverment_schemes

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🔆 Archaeological Developments – Indus Valley Civilisation

📍 Key Chronology

✅ 1826 – Harappa first visited by Charles Mason

✅ 1875 – Alexander Cunningham reports on Harappan seals
▪ First Surveyor of Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) (1861)

✅ 1921 – M.S. Vats begins excavations at Harappa

✅ 1925 – Excavations begin at Mohenjodaro

✅ 1946 – R.E.M. Wheeler excavates at Harappa

✅ 1955 – S.R. Rao begins excavations at Lothal

✅ 1960 – B.B. Lal and B.K. Thapar begin excavations at Kalibangan

✅ 1990 – R.S. Bisht begins excavations at Dholavira

📍 Additional Facts

✅ Alexander Cunningham visited Harappa in 1853, 1856, and 1875
✅ Sir John Marshall, as Director General of ASI, initiated systematic research at Harappa
✅ Played a pivotal role in the development of archaeology in India

#history #prelims #mains

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Day 45: 1 February target:

Modern History
Topics:
Backlogs


Sectional test(any coaching)




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After completion of target post 'DONE'
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🔆 Bacterial Diseases – Quick Revision Table

📍 Tuberculosis
✅ Agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
✅ Transmission: Air-borne
✅ Prevention: BCG vaccine

📍 Diphtheria (UPSC 2014)
✅ Agent: Corynebacterium diphtheriae
✅ Transmission: Person-to-person (respiratory droplets)
✅ Prevention: DTaP/DTP vaccine

📍 Cholera
✅ Agent: Vibrio cholerae
✅ Transmission: Contaminated water/food
✅ Prevention: Dukoral vaccine, sanitation

📍 Leprosy (Hansen’s Disease)
✅ Agent: Mycobacterium leprae
✅ Transmission: Droplets (nose & mouth)
✅ Treatment: Multidrug Therapy (MDT)

📍 Whooping Cough (Pertussis)
✅ Agent: Bordetella pertussis
✅ Transmission: Air-borne
✅ Prevention: DTaP/DTP vaccine

📍 Tetanus
✅ Agent: Clostridium tetani
✅ Transmission: Spores in environment (wounds)
✅ Prevention: DTaP/DTP vaccine

📍 Plague
✅ Agent: Yersinia pestis
✅ Transmission: Flea bites, direct contact, droplets
✅ Prevention: Sanitation, rodent control

📍 Gonorrhea
✅ Agent: Neisseria gonorrhoeae
✅ Transmission: STD
✅ Treatment: Intramuscular ceftriaxone

📍 Syphilis
✅ Agent: Treponema pallidum
✅ Transmission: STD
✅ Treatment: Benzathine penicillin G

📍 Typhoid (Enteric Fever)
✅ Agent: Salmonella typhi
✅ Transmission: Contaminated food/water
✅ Prevention: Oral & injectable vaccines

📍 Pneumococcal Disease (UPSC 2020)
✅ Agent: Streptococcus pneumoniae
✅ Transmission: Respiratory secretions
✅ Prevention: PCV13, PCV15, PCV20

📍 Streptococcal Pharyngitis
✅ Agent: Streptococcus pyogenes
✅ Transmission: Respiratory droplets
✅ Treatment: Penicillin, Amoxicillin

📍 Bacterial Meningitis
✅ Agents: Neisseria meningitidis, S. pneumoniae
✅ Transmission: Droplets, direct contact
✅ Treatment: Antibiotics (e.g., ceftriaxone)

📍 Leptospirosis
✅ Agent: Leptospira spp.
✅ Transmission: Contaminated water
✅ Treatment: Doxycycline

📍 Anthrax
✅ Agent: Bacillus anthracis
✅ Transmission: Inhalation, ingestion, skin contact
✅ Treatment: Ciprofloxacin

📍 Brucellosis
✅ Agent: Brucella spp.
✅ Transmission: Unpasteurised dairy, infected animals
✅ Treatment: Doxycycline + Rifampin

#GS3
#prelims
#science_technology
#science_and_technology

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