◉ First generation (1946 - 1959)
✔️ It was large in size. በመጠን ትልቅ ነበር!
✔️ It was use high amount of electric power. ብዙ የሆነ የኤሌክትሪክ ሃይል(ፍጆታ) ይፈልግ ነበር!
✔️ It was generat large amount of heat.
▬ ከፍተኛ ሃይል ያለው ሙቀት ያመነጭ ነበር!
✔️ It used vacuum tube as Processor.
▬ እንደ ኮምፒውተር አንጎል የሚጠቀመው Vacuum tubes'ን ነበር!
✔️ It was expensive. የግዢ ዋጋው ውድ ነበር!
✔️ It used Punched Card as input.
▬መረጃዎችን ወደ ውስጥ ለማስገባት የሚጠቀመው Puched Card የተሰኘ Device ነበር!

◉ Second generation (1956 - 1963)
✔️ It used Transistor instead of Vacuum Tubes. በVacuum Tubes ቦታ Transistor ይጠቀም ነበር!
✔️ 25% minimize as 1st Generation in use of power and realized heat.
▬ የሚፈጀው የኤሌክትሪክ ፌጆታና የሚያመነጨው የሙቀት ሃይል ከ1st Generation በ25% ያነሰ ነበር!

◉ Third generation (1964 - 1971)
✔️ It used Integrated Circuit (IC) instead of Transistor.
▬ በTransistor ቦታ Integrated Circuit (IC) ይጠቀም ነበር!
✔️ It used Keyboard instead of Punched Card.
▬ በPuched Card ቦታ Keyboard ይጠቀም ነበር(ለመፃፊያነትና መረጃን ወደ ኮምፒውተር ለማስገባት)!

◉ Fourth generation (1972 - 2010)
✔️ It is less in size. በመጠን ትንሽ ነው!
✔️ It is Cheap. ግዢው ርካሽ ነው!
✔️ It Used Micro Processor Instead of Integrated Circuit (IC).
▬ በIC ቦታ Micro Processor ይጠቀም ነበር!
✔️ It is fast in Speed. ስራዎችን አቀላጥፎ ይሰራል(ፈጣን ነው)!

◉ Fifth generation (2010 to present)
✔️ It used Artificial Intelligence Instead of Micro Processor.
▬ በ Micro Processor ቦታ Artificial Intelligence ይጠቀማል!

Example: Sofia Robot
▬ አርተፊሻል የሆነ እንደ ሰው እምሮ እንዲያስብ ተደርጎ ነው የተሰራው!
ምሳሌ:- ሶፊያ ሮቦት!

◉ Sixth generation (future generations)

✔️ 5th Generation'ን በጣም በድንቅ ሁኔታ አሻሽለን፣ ሚጨመሩ ነገሮችን ጨምረን እንሰራዋለን ብለዋል(ገና ለወደፊት) 💻💻📱📱

የናተው ወንድም: #ረሻድ_ሙዘሚል

t.me/AndalusTechnology

t.me/AndalusTechnologyGroup

Week 2:

Lesson 3: Parts of Computer
Main Parts Of A Computer

◉ A Computer is made of five main device:
✔️ ኮምፕዩተር ከአምስት ዋና ዋና ክፍሎች ነው የተሰራው! (ኮምፕዩተርን ኮምፕዩተር ያረጉት እነዚህ አምስቱ ናቸው)

1. Keyboard ⌨️
2. Mouse 🖱
3. CPU
4. Monitor 💻
5. Printer 🖨

Some other computer parts

◉ Speaker 🔊
◉ Microphone 🎤
◉ Joystick 🕹️
◉ Scanner
◉ Webcam 📷

▬Storage device
✔️መረጃን ለመያዝ የሚያገለግሉ የኮምፕዩተር ክፍሎች

◉ Flash
◉ Hard disk
◉ DVD (digital video disc)
◉ CD(Compact disc)


Parts of computer and its uses
1, Keyboard ⌨️
✔️ It is used to write letter, number, symbol, sign, mathematical sing and etc…

➦የተለያዩ ነገሮችን ለመፃፍ የሚጠቅመን የኮምፕዩተር ክፍል ነው!
✅ Number: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9

✅ Letter: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X, Y and Z

✅ Mathematical sign: +, -, =, / (÷), *(×)

2. Mouse 🖱

✔️ It is used to select menu items.
▬ ኮምፒውተር ላይ አንድን የፈለግነውን ነገር ለመምረጥና ለመንካት የሚጠቅመን የኮምፒውተር ክፍል ነው
✔️ Typical muse has two buttons:
A. Left click button
B. Right click button
✔️There is a scrolling wheel the two buttons

✅ Moving mouse

✔️ Move the mouse up on the mouse pad.

✔️ The mouse pointer also moves up on the monitor screen.

✔️ Move the mouse down.

✔️The mouse pointer also moves down on the monitor screen.

✔️ Move the mouse to the right.

✔️The mouse pointer also moves to the right.

✔️Move the mouse to the left.

✔️The mouse pointer also moves to the left.


✅ Clicking

✔️ A typical mouse has two buttons.

✔️ There is a scrolling wheel the two buttons.

✅ Holding mouse
✔️ Your first finger is on the left mouse button.

▬ Then press and quickly leave the left mouse button. This action is called clicking.

✅ Mouse skills

✔️ Mouse: is an input device that is used to insert instruction into the computer.

✔️ It is used to select menu items.

✔️ It is used to point of a particular place on the screen and so it is also known as the pointing device.

3, CPU

The CPU processes
the input to give output.

-It is a brain or a heart of the computer.
▬ የኮምፕዩተር አንጎል ነው!

✔️The monitor, keyboard, mouse, and the printer are connected to the CPU.

▬እነዚህ ከላይ የተጠቀሱት የሚሰካኩት ከCPU ጋር ነው!
📲 የሚሰሩትም ከCPU ሲሰካኩ ነው!

4, Monitor 💻
✔️ The device that look like a TV screen is called monitor.
▬ የኮምፒውተር TV የሚመስለው ክፍል Monitor ይባላል!💻
✔️ The monitor is connected to the CPU box with a cable.
▬ አገልግሎቱም በኬብል ከCPU ጋር ካገናኘነው በኋላ የተለያዩ አገሮችን ያጫውትልናል(ያሳየናል)!
ለምሳሌ:- Photo, Video, Texts, Images እና የመሳሰሉትን!

5, Printer 🖨 (ማተሚያ ማሽን)
✔️It is used to display whatever you are typing currently or any information.
▬ የPrinter የተለያዩ ነገሮችን በወረቀት አትሞ ያወጣልናል!
For example
🖨 Texts
🖨 Images
🖨 Photos and etc…

6, Scanner
✔️ It is used to insert photo or image to the computer.
▬ Scanner የተለያዩ ፈቶዎችን, ምስሎችን እና ፅሑፎችን(በምስል መልክ) እስካን አርጎ ወደ ኮምፕዩተራችን ይልክልናል!

7, Speaker 🔊
= #ድምፅ ማጉያ
- It is used to loud soun
▬ ድምፅን ከፍ አርጎ ለኛ እንድንሰማ ያስችለናል!

8, Microphone 🎤

= #ድምፅ ማስተላለፊያ/ መቅጃ መሳሪያ

🎤 It is used to record of send sound to the computer.
▬ ድምፅን ቀድቶ ወደ ኮምፕዩተሩ Speaker 🔊 ይልካል!

9, Hard disk
✔️ It is used to store information permanently.
▬ በጣም ብዙ ማህደር(File) ይዝልናል!
የ Hard disk መረጃ/ማህደር(File) የመያዝ አቅሙም 250GB, 500GB, 1TB, 4TB, 8TB, 12TB, 16TB ሊሆን ይችላል!

10, Flash disk
✔️ It is used to store information outside the computer.

▬ ይህም ልክ እንደ Hard disk ማህደር ይዝልናል! ነገር ግን ማህደር(File) የመያዝ አቅማቸው በጭራችም ከHard disk ጋር አይወዳደርም!

📲 መረጃ/ማህደር(File) የመያዝ አቅሙም
2GB, 4GB, 8GB, 16GB, 32GB, 64GB, 128GB ይሆኑ ይችላሉ!

11, CD 📀
- It is used to store small amount of data.
✔️ ትንሽዬ መረጃን እኒዝበታለን
📲 መረጃ የመያዝ አቅሙ 700MB ብቻ ነው!

12, DVD 💿
- It is used to store medium amount of data.
📲 ከCD የበለጠ መረጃ የመያዝ አቅም አለው፤ እሱም 4.47GB ነው!

ማስታወሻ:-
1KB ማለት:- 1,000Bits ማለት ነው!
1MB ማለት:- 1,000,0000bits(አንድ ሚሊዮን) ማለት ነው
1GB ማለት:- 1,000,000,000Bits(አንድ ቢሊዮን)

1KB = 1024Bits
1MB= 1024KB
1GB = 1024MB
1T = 1024GB


Conclusion about parts of computer

Computer Functions:

- A computer has four functions:

1. To Accept data፦ Input Devices
✔️ የተለያዩ መረጃዎችን ወደ ኮምፒውተራችን የሚያስከቡ፣ የሚልኩ የኮምፒውተር ክፍሎች ከInput ይመደባሉ!

2. To Process data፦ Processing Device
✔️ የኮምፒውተር አእምሮ የሆነው ከProcessing ይመደባል!

3. To Produce output፦ Output Devices
✔️ በኮምፕዩተር ያሉ መረጃዎችን እኛ ማየት እንድንችል የሚያረጉልን የኮምፒውተር ክፍል ከOutput ይመደባሉ!

4. To Store results፦ Storage Devices
✔️ የተለያዩ መረጃን/ማህደር(File) የሚይዙልን የኮምፒውተር ክፍሎች ከStorage ይመደባል!

1. Input devices፦ The following are some common devices used for computer input.
● Keyboard ⌨️
● Mouse 🖱
● Scanner
● Microphone 🎤
◉ Webcam 📷

▬ Devices such as the ones above are often referred to as peripherals.
#ከላይ የጠቀስናቸው የኮምፒውተር ክፍሎች «ተንቀሳቃሽ የኮምፒውተር ክፍሎች» ይባላሉ!

2. Storage Devices
● Hard disk
● Flash disk
● DVD 💿
● CD 📀

3. Processor devices
▬ Once data has been input into a computer and stored that data can then be processed.
▬ In modern computers the processing is usually done by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) / Processor.

4. Output Devices
● Monitors
● Printers
● Speakers
● Plotters

▬ ▬ ▬ ▬
#ሁሉንም የኮምፒውተር ክፍሎች በምስል በቴሌግራም በለቀቅኩት መፅሐፍ ላይ አለላችሁ!!
▬ ▬ ▬ ▬ ▬
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬
ማሳሰቢያ፦
የተጠው ሰዓት 45 ደቂቃ ብቻ!

ተማሪዎች ከ45 ደቂቃ በላይ በቴሌግራም አትቆዩ!
▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬

የናተው ወንድም ረሻድ ሙዘሚል

t.me/AndalusTechnology

t.me/AndalusTechnologyGroup