Name- Omkar Shinde
Interview date- 6th may
Board- chaubey sir
Optional: Agriculture
Background/hobbies- BSc agri, cooking maharashtrian food, solving rubiks cubes

1)Chairman- briefly said this is not a interrogation but a interview. If you dont know anything say i dont know.
He didn't ask single question during whole 30 mins of interview.

M1
Q. What is protected agriculture? Where is the largest hub of it in mahrashtra?

(Chairman sir intervened and said his agriculture knowledge has already been checked dont ask him questions on agriculture to M1)
Q.why our engineering goods sector not performing efficiently?
Q. What you will suggest to increase it efficiency
Q. How to increase agriculture productivity?
Q. What is tissue culture technique? Use in agri?
(Chairman sir again intervened and said same- dont ask questions on agri to him)

M2.
Q. Difference between CGST SGST AND IGST
Q. What are different slabs?
Q. What is compensation cess? When it was suppose to be over?
Q. What central government did to to bridge compensation fund shortfall?
Q. Can farmers kill the animals who dameges their crop? (i mentioned WPA 1974 schedule 5 about vermins)
Q. Can State govt. add animals to list of vermins?

M3.
Q. Which type of Rubik cubes you solve?
Q. What are different algorithm? Every cube has different algorithms?
Q. What is MSP? What is the formula given by swaminathan commission?

M4
Q. Difference btw tax and cess?
Q. Cess is used for? Shared with sates or not?
Q. What are secured loans and unsecured loans?
Q. In case of asset liquidation who will get the money 1st? Secured lender or unsecured?
Q. Tell me what is common btw maharashtra and gujrat food eating style?
Q. Do maharashtrian style have a separate concept od eating dessert?

Chairman
Omkar your interview is over. You want to tell us anything or want to ask us anything?

I said with a smile...sir if you want to ask more questions to me you can ask.

Everyone started laughing😂 and then chairman said thank you omkar you can go now.
https://t.me/upsc_agricultureoptional

For Interview Students(UPSC CSE):

Major Challenges associated with Agriculture

Groundwater: The Green Revolution of the 1960s pulled India from the brink of starvation, transformed the country’s ability to feed itself and turned it into a big food exporter. But the revolution also made India the world’s biggest extractor of groundwater.
According to the UN’s World Water Development Report, 2022, the country extracts 251 cubic km or more than a quarter of the world’s groundwater withdrawal each year.
90 per cent of this water is used for agriculture.
No gain in production: A study by the Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, shows that over 39 million hectares (ha) of area in the country under wheat, rice and maize have not shown improvement in the past decade.
Degrading soil health: A 2022 report by Delhi-based think tank Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), State of Bio Fertilizers and Organic Fertilizers in India, shows the severe and widespread deficiency of organic carbon and micronutrients in Indian soils.
Lack of scientific study: Civil society organizations and farmers do not have the capacity to conduct long-term studies.

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interview students👉

The Central Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) has recently released a report on the price policy of rabi crops for the 2022-23 season.

The report has raised an important issue related to the sale of pulses by NAFED, which can have a significant impact on the market prices of the respective crops.
According to the report, NAFED has been selling pulses at a discounted rate in the market, which has resulted in a sharp decline in the market price of the crop.

To address this issue, the CACP recommends that NAFED should adopt a fixed pricing strategy that is equivalent to the Minimum Support Price (MSP) of the respective crop. The report suggests that the market scheme for wheat and rice, implemented by the Food Corporation of India, can serve as a useful model for planning the sale of pulses.

The situation in Maharashtra is particularly concerning, where gram (chana) is purchased at the support price but sold in the open market at a rate below the support price.

This has a negative impact on farmers, as only a small percentage of the total annual production is purchased.

The policy affects farmers who withhold gram in anticipation of a better market price or whose gram is not purchased under the price support scheme.

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India's Agricultural Export > Agri Import.

India has Agricultural Trade Surplus (Agricultural Export > Agri. Imports).
Major Agriculture Exports:
• Marine Product
• Non-Basmati Rice
• Sugar

Major Agriculture Imports:

• Edible Vegetable Oils
60% of India's Edible Vegetable Oil requirement is meet through Import. Palm Oil is mainly imported vegetable oil due to its cheaper cost. Countries like Indonesia, Malaysia has monopoly in Palm Oil production in World.
• Pulses

Agriculture sector's share in India's total exports has been steadily declining. For FY 2020-21, 11.40% of Total Exports comes from Agriculture Sector.

Top Export Destinations in terms of value for Agriculture Commodities were Bangladesh> United Arab Emirates> USA> Vietnam.

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