Environment Short Notes in Table form

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Question 6.

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Solution: 2 and 4 are correct. Correct pairs are:
Hammira-Mahakavya - Nayachandra Suri
Nitivakyamrita    - Somadeva Suri
Controversial Question: There is confusion regarding the third pair (Milinda-panha - Nagarjuna). Some scholars believe that Nagasena (who wrote Milindpanho) and Nagarjuna were the same person - in that case the answer will be C.

Question 9.
Source: Spectrum by Rajiv Ahir : Modern Indian History (Chapter: Advent of the Europeans in India, Section: Portuguese in India)

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Q. 10

Source: IGNOU- https://egyankosh.ac.in/bitstream/123456789/20342/1/Unit-23.pdf Page no. 10

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Solution:


Controversial Question: Natural justice also includes fair and just process of law. So, this question is open to interpretation.

Source: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/due-process.asp

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Solution: Statement I is correct: As per Schedule 7 of Indian Constitution, Prison is a State subject - entry 4)

Statement II is not correct: 1935 ACT PUT PRISONS AS PROVINCIAL SUBJECT

Source: https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/S7.pdf

Solution: Direction question. Similar question was asked in previous prelims.

Source: PYQs,

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1070-3535.2006.00447.x#:~:text=Constitutional%20government%20is%20by%20definition,by%20separating%20or%20dividing%20it.

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Solution: 1st amendment added ninth schedule in constitution. Acts put in schedule 9 were saved from judicial review.

Controversial Question: 42nd amendment also tried to make the legislature strong vis-a-vis the judiciary. The question asks "widely believed"- makes it open for subjective interpretation.

Source: https://www.india.gov.in/my-government/constitution-india/amendments/constitution-india-first-amendment-act-1951

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Solution: From given options, Only the National Commission for Backward Classes is Constitutional Body (Art. 338B)

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Solution: All options are wrong.

Option 1 is incorrect: Article 71(2) of Constitution: If the election of a person as President or Vice President is declared void by the Supreme court, acts done by him in the exercise and performance of the powers and duties of the office of President or Vice President, as the case may be, on or before the date of the decision of the Supreme Court shall not be invalidated by reason of that declaration. (https://indiankanoon.org/doc/1349319/)

Option 2 is incorrect: Article 71(4) of Constitution: The election of a person as President or Vice President shall not be called in question on the ground of the existence of any vacancy for whatever reason among the members of the electoral college electing him (https://indiankanoon.org/doc/692848/)

Option 3 is incorrect: (https://indiankanoon.org/doc/692848/)

Solution: 1 and 3 are not correct, 2 is correct.

Controversial Question: The report given by CAG (screenshot below) clearly states that Finance bill is a money bill under Article 110(1)(a). The problem lies in third statement where both Finance Bill and money bill are mentioned together, creating a room for doubt that Finance Bill here refers to Financial Bills under Article 117(1) and Article 117(3).


Compliance report of CAG
(https://cag.gov.in/webroot/uploads/download_audit_report/2016/Union_Civil_Compliance_Report_27_2016_Full.pdf)

A Finance Bill is a Money Bill as defined in Article 110 of the Constitution. Whereas a Financial Bill is an ordinary bill as it apart from dealing with money matters also deals with non-money matters.

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Solution: Statement 1 is not correct: Community Reserve Management Committee is the governing authority of such forest

Note: According to a recent amendment in the Wildlife Protection Act - the Chief Wildlife Warden of the State becomes the governing authority of Sanctuaries (sanctuaries and community reserves are different!)

Statement 2 is correct and 4 is not correct: After a forest has been made into a community reserve, people cannot hunt there, nor can they use it for agricultural practices, leave alone jhum cultivation.

Statement 3 is correct: people of such areas are allowed to collect non-timber forest produce.

Source: https://tribal.nic.in/downloads/FRA/Concerned%20Laws%20and%20Policies/Wildlife%20Protection%20Act,%201972.pdf

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Solution: 1 and 2 are correct.

Statement 1 is correct: As per Article 244(1) of the Constitution, expression Scheduled Areas means such areas as the President may by order declare to be Scheduled Areas.

(https://tribal.nic.in/downloads/CLM/CLM_Reports/6.pdf)

Statement 2 is correct

Statement 3 is not correct: The Governor of the concerned States are required to submit annual reports to the President on the administration of Scheduled Areas in the States.

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Source: https://indiankanoon.org/doc/692848/

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Solution: Statement is correct: In India, around 49.3% electricity is generated using coal (https://powermin.gov.in/en/content/power-sector-glance-all-india)

Statement 2 is not correct: Uranium enriched to around 3-5% is required for production of electricity (not 60%).

(https://world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/conversion-enrichment-and-fabrication/uranium-enrichment.aspx)

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Solution: Statement 1 is correct:


(https://www.britannica.com/animal/marsupial)


Statement 2 is not correct: In South America, marsupials live in forests or tropical rainforests. (https://www.britannica.com/animal/marsupial)

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