🚩Fold moumtains are not exceptions. The Andes and the Cascades have volcanoes. (Find names?)

🚩The Himalaya and the Alps do not have active volcanoes. [ Mt Etna and Vesuvius in Italy are part of the Appenies not the Alps]

🚩As a general rule if fold moumtain is the result of continent-continent conversion then there wont be volcanoes and if continent-oceanic qith subduction zone then there will be volcanoes.

[Distribution of volcano is important for pre 2026]

The Indian courts are among the most non transparent and undemocratic institution. They function as clique in the name of independence. You can not criticise them and if you complained about any of them then there is no way of knowing what happened to your complains. Independence has become their shield and accountability of judiciary is defined in judiciary themselves. Infact as it apeear laws do not apply to them and the courts are not court of law but court of judges. They are law adjudicating officers, hand and mouth of law not law themselves. However they bear title of 'justice' which is clearly colonial remanant of ingratiation and agrandisment with no justifiable meaning.
We see change everywhere, police, administration, politics, industry and overall society, but courts are so rigid to change that they have refused improvement consistently due to false belief rquating indepence with islolation.

🚩Sabha (mentioned 8 times in Rigveda) - Mostly Judicial in nature- rarely women were alllowed (Sabhavati)
🚩Samiti ( 9 times) - Mostly Political, Elected Kings, Oversaw General Tribal business- more participation of women than Sabha.
🚩Vidatha ( 122 times) - Religiou, economic and military affairs - Women attended frequently.

Early Rigvedic period was more egalitarian as vedic people were tribal. The villages [A village here means a collection of settlements wich included several villages] were ruled Gramini Above which were Ragyan (Raja=King). In egalitarian and tribal society women generally have more rights than advanced society. This is why with time place of women deteriorated throughout times after rigvedic period. The most harm was done to women was in Gupta period [ As you can see that Ashoka sent aborad as envoy not only his son Mahendra but also his doughter Sanghamitra].
Further great harm was done to women in Medieval chaotic era.
It is only in the modern times that the improvement started, especially after Industrial revolution. The social work of many people has been instrumental but the real hero of women cause is economic necessity of modern Industrialised society and spread of education as well as intellectual deabate and inquiry into the state of our soceity.

Latest Ramsar Map. [All the 98 sites]
🚩Telangana, Delhi , Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya and Nagaland have no Ramsar site.

👉👉Nagarhole TR in Karnataka
+Bandipur TR in Karnataka
+ Wayanad TR ( Tholpetty+Muthanaga) in Kerala
+Mudumalayi TR is Tamil Nadu-----forms one contiguous tiger territory where tiger move freely. This also forms the core area of The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserves. This contiguous area has the largest number of Tigers in the world.

Caution: Though in popular imagination Sunderban exist as dominant tiger habitat in India, in reality it comes only at the 9th place. JimnCorbett in Uttaralhand had the highest number.

The Portuguese and the French established their first base in Malabar coast but the Dutch and the French in Coromondal coast. Why? [ Not for preliminary]

Remeber that tge Mughql port Masulipatnam under Golconda was the most important port in Coromondel in the begining, while the Mughal port Surat in Malabar was the most important port.

What is happening here!!

The terms - Bhishti, Vetti and Bhoga- are related to which group of people in reference to ancient Indian history?
A. Forced labour
B. Merchant community
C. Court Officials
D. Unit of Administration

These are terms for forced labour.
Bhishti - used from ancient to medieval era and even in modern time after independence.
Vetti - In chola and Pandyan era in south (On the contrary of general perception in southwrn India forced labour and general expoitaion of lower caste was pervassive.
Bhoga - Western and central India. King's right to extract labour and supply from villagers especially those of the lower castes involved in manual lsbour.

[Additionally Beth begari is also related to forced labour. This was employwd by the British and 'Diku' (monelender, traders, merchants and landlords) in Chhotanagpur region of now Jharkhand or then Bengal Province)

Portuguese introduced several things in india. Most important among these are:
🚩Tech: Printing Press.
🚩Architecture: Gothic style.
🚩Fruits, vegetable and spices: Guava, Papaya, Pumpkin, Patao, Sweet Potato, Tomato, Chillies, Groundnuts, Cashew and Tobacco.
[How many of the above are not indispensible in modern India!!! Notice when narrowminded moron say 'this' (say a fruit, vegetable or may be a dish) is Indian and 'this' is not Indian]

Mahayana Bhuddhism : Two subschool
1. Madhyamika - Developed by Nagarjuna (Aka Nagasena, the writer of MilindaPanho)- Sunyavada is the core concept and beleives in Majjhim Padipada (Middle Path) i. e. Avoiding the extremes of eternalism amd nihilism - They believe in SARNAGATA form of budhha

2. Yogacara- propounded by brothers, Asanga and Vasumitra - Core concept is Vijnaptimatra- They believe in TATHAGATA form of Budhha.

Works for both pre and mains

See if the Mnemonics that i have wrote for myself works for you!