DAF-1 for UPSC CSE Mains-2026 is live now
Last date: June 28,2026
Link: https://upsconline.nic.in/ (Apply for examination section)
Last date: June 28,2026
Link: https://upsconline.nic.in/ (Apply for examination section)
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Confluence, Coexistence, co-operation - Concept explained by sir 😂 #internalsecurity@upscdecoding
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Op Amistad: India’s HADR Mission On Full Swing In Twin-Earthquake-Hit Venezuela
Index of Services Production (ISP)
Context: National Statistics Office under the Ministry of Statistics & Program Implementation has released Index of Services Production for 19 Services Sector account for approx. 60% of India's overall India's services output.
About Index of Services Production (ISP)
Released by: National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI
Base Year: 2024-25
Frequency: Monthly (Released with a 60 day lag)
What Index of Services Production Measures
Measures: Short-term changes in the real (inflation-adjusted) volume of formal services output.
Does NOT Measure: Gross Value Added (GVA), services-sector GDP, business sentiment, or informal service activity.
ISP vs. IIP: ISP does for services what the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) does for manufacturing, mining, and electricity.
ISP vs. PMI: ISP is based on actual administrative data (realized output), whereas the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a survey-based indicator of business sentiment.
Coverage & Weights
The current trial ISP covers 19 formal-service subsectors, representing roughly 60% of India’s total services sector.
Top Heavy: Just five sectors account for over 72% of the total index weight.
Highest Weight: IT and computer-related services (22.47%).
Other Top Sectors: Retail trade, Administrative and support services, Banking, and Road transport.
Composite Index: MoSPI is currently releasing individual subsector indices but has deferred the release of an official composite (overall) ISP until the data stabilizes.
Methodology & Data Sources
Primary Data: Relies heavily on GST returns (GSTR-1 outward supplies), administrative data (for railways, aviation, banking), and the Annual Survey of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE).
Universe Approach: Unlike the IIP’s fixed-panel approach, the ISP tracks the dynamic universe of GST-registered enterprises, automatically capturing new registrations and closures.
Deflation Mechanism: Because India lacks comprehensive monthly Services Producer Price Indices (SPPIs), the ISP relies heavily on standard CPI and WPI to adjust nominal turnover into real output.
ISP currently excludes:
Health and Education: Temporarily excluded due to GST exemptions and a lack of reliable monthly output data.
Ownership of Dwellings: Temporarily excluded as it is an imputed service without observable monthly data.
Public Administration & Defense: Structurally excluded.
Informal Economy: The vast unregistered services sector (street vendors, small eateries, informal transport, domestic workers) is entirely excluded from this index.
Central Banking: Excluded, though standard banking and insurance are covered.
Context: National Statistics Office under the Ministry of Statistics & Program Implementation has released Index of Services Production for 19 Services Sector account for approx. 60% of India's overall India's services output.
About Index of Services Production (ISP)
Released by: National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI
Base Year: 2024-25
Frequency: Monthly (Released with a 60 day lag)
What Index of Services Production Measures
Measures: Short-term changes in the real (inflation-adjusted) volume of formal services output.
Does NOT Measure: Gross Value Added (GVA), services-sector GDP, business sentiment, or informal service activity.
ISP vs. IIP: ISP does for services what the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) does for manufacturing, mining, and electricity.
ISP vs. PMI: ISP is based on actual administrative data (realized output), whereas the Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI) is a survey-based indicator of business sentiment.
Coverage & Weights
The current trial ISP covers 19 formal-service subsectors, representing roughly 60% of India’s total services sector.
Top Heavy: Just five sectors account for over 72% of the total index weight.
Highest Weight: IT and computer-related services (22.47%).
Other Top Sectors: Retail trade, Administrative and support services, Banking, and Road transport.
Composite Index: MoSPI is currently releasing individual subsector indices but has deferred the release of an official composite (overall) ISP until the data stabilizes.
Methodology & Data Sources
Primary Data: Relies heavily on GST returns (GSTR-1 outward supplies), administrative data (for railways, aviation, banking), and the Annual Survey of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE).
Universe Approach: Unlike the IIP’s fixed-panel approach, the ISP tracks the dynamic universe of GST-registered enterprises, automatically capturing new registrations and closures.
Deflation Mechanism: Because India lacks comprehensive monthly Services Producer Price Indices (SPPIs), the ISP relies heavily on standard CPI and WPI to adjust nominal turnover into real output.
ISP currently excludes:
Health and Education: Temporarily excluded due to GST exemptions and a lack of reliable monthly output data.
Ownership of Dwellings: Temporarily excluded as it is an imputed service without observable monthly data.
Public Administration & Defense: Structurally excluded.
Informal Economy: The vast unregistered services sector (street vendors, small eateries, informal transport, domestic workers) is entirely excluded from this index.
Central Banking: Excluded, though standard banking and insurance are covered.
The India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA), under which 99% of Indian goods entering the UK and 90% of UK goods entering India will either be duty free or attract reduced tariffs, came into force yesterday i.e. 15th July 2026
Investment Friendliness Index (IFI)
NITI Aayog has released 'Investment Friendliness Index (IFI)' which covers all 28 states and 8 Union Territories and evaluates investment attractiveness across eight pillars. The index is not a ranking exercise; it is to tell the states that there are indicators where you are doing well and parameters where you can do better. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and Goa have emerged as top-performing states in Niti Aayog’s new Investment Friendliness Index 2026.
NITI Aayog has released 'Investment Friendliness Index (IFI)' which covers all 28 states and 8 Union Territories and evaluates investment attractiveness across eight pillars. The index is not a ranking exercise; it is to tell the states that there are indicators where you are doing well and parameters where you can do better. Gujarat, Maharashtra, Odisha, Tamil Nadu and Goa have emerged as top-performing states in Niti Aayog’s new Investment Friendliness Index 2026.
Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index)
The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) tracks the depth and reach of financial services across India. It evaluates 97 indicators into a single score ranging from 0 (total exclusion) to 100 (complete inclusion). The composite FI-Index climbed to 70.0 for the year ending March 2026 (up 4.48%) compared to 67.0 in March 2025. This consistent improvement shows that citizens are utilizing and engaging more deeply with financial products.
The index evaluates progress across three core parameters:
1. Usage (45% weight): Measures savings, credit, digital transactions, insurance, and pension usage.
2. Access (35% weight): Assesses the physical and digital infrastructure available for banking, investment, insurance, and postal services.
3. Quality (20% weight): Focuses on consumer protection, financial literacy, and service equity
The Reserve Bank of India’s (RBI) Financial Inclusion Index (FI-Index) tracks the depth and reach of financial services across India. It evaluates 97 indicators into a single score ranging from 0 (total exclusion) to 100 (complete inclusion). The composite FI-Index climbed to 70.0 for the year ending March 2026 (up 4.48%) compared to 67.0 in March 2025. This consistent improvement shows that citizens are utilizing and engaging more deeply with financial products.
The index evaluates progress across three core parameters:
1. Usage (45% weight): Measures savings, credit, digital transactions, insurance, and pension usage.
2. Access (35% weight): Assesses the physical and digital infrastructure available for banking, investment, insurance, and postal services.
3. Quality (20% weight): Focuses on consumer protection, financial literacy, and service equity
Source: Indian Express
See the Image below. Till now 100% FDI was allowed in e-commerce only for 'market place' model. But as per the above news now: " FDI in e-commerce is permitted in inventory-based model of ecommerce exclusively for the EXPORT of goods/products manufactured and/or produced in India"
See the Image below. Till now 100% FDI was allowed in e-commerce only for 'market place' model. But as per the above news now: " FDI in e-commerce is permitted in inventory-based model of ecommerce exclusively for the EXPORT of goods/products manufactured and/or produced in India"