UPSC CALENDAR- 2026
Prelims - 24 May
Mains - 21 Aug.

✅️Schemes/Campaigns : At a Glance

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🔆 Viceroy of India and Events During Regime

▪️Lord Canning (1856-1862)
✅Revolt of 1857
✅Establishment of three universities at Calcutta, Madras and Bombay in 1857
✅Abolition of East India Company and transfer of control to the Crown by the Government of India Act, 1858
✅Indian Councils Act of 1861

▪️Lord John Lawrence (1864-1869)
✅Bhutan War (1865)
✅Establishment of the High Courts at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras (1865)

▪️Lord Lytton (1876-1880)
✅The Vernacular Press Act (1878)
✅The Arms Act (1878)
✅The Second Afghan War (1878-80)
✅Queen Victoria assumed the title of ‘Kaiser-i-Hind’ or Queen Empress of India

▪️Lord Ripon (1880-1884)
✅Repeal of the Vernacular Press Act (1882)
✅The first Factory Act (1881)
✅Government resolution on local self- government (1882)
✅The Ilbert Bill controversy (1883-84)
✅Hunter Commission on education (1882)

▪️Lord Dufferin (1884-1888)
✅The Third Burmese War (1885-86).
✅Establishment of the Indian National Congress (1885)

▪️Lord Lansdowne (1888-1894)
✅Factory Act (1891).
✅Indian Councils Act (1892).
✅Setting up of Durand Commission (1893)

▪️Lord Curzon (1899-1905)
✅Appointment of Police Commission (1902)
✅Appointment of Universities Commission (1902)
✅Indian Universities Act (1904).
✅Partition of Bengal (1905)

▪️Lord Minto II (1905-1910)
✅Swadeshi Movements (1905-11)
✅Surat Split of Congress (1907)
✅Establishment of Muslim League (1906)
✅Morley-Minto Reforms(1909)

▪️Lord Hardinge II (1910-1916)
✅Annulment of Partition of Bengal (1911)
✅Transfer of capital from Calcutta to Delhi (1911).
✅Establishment of the Hindu Mahasabha (1915)

▪️Lord Chelmsford (1916-1921)
✅Lucknow pact (1916)
✅Champaran Satyagraha (1917)
✅Montagu’s August Declaration (1917)
✅Government of India Act (1919)
✅The Rowlatt Act (1919)
✅Jallianwalla Bagh massacre (1919)
✅Launch of Non-Cooperation and Khilafat Movements

▪️Lord Reading (1921-1926)
✅Chauri Chaura incident (1922)
✅Withdrawal of Non-Cooperation Movement (1922)
✅Establishment of Swaraj Party(1922)
✅Kakori train robbery (1925)

▪️Lord Irwin (1926-1931)
✅Simon Commission to India (1927)
✅Harcourt Butler Indian States Commission (1927)
✅Nehru Report (1928)
✅Deepavali Declaration (1929)
✅Lahore session of the Congress (Purna Swaraj Resolution) 1929
✅Dandi March and the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930)
✅First Round Table Conference (1930)
✅Gandhi-Irwin Pact (1931)

▪️Lord Willingdon (1931-1936)
✅Communal Award (1932)
✅Second & Third Round Table
Conference (1932)
✅Poona Pact (1932)
✅Government of India Act of 1935

▪️Lord Linlithgow (1936-1944)
✅Resignation of the Congress ministries after the outbreak of the Second World War (1939)
✅Tripuri Crisis & formation of Forward Bloc (1939)
✅Lahore Resolution of the Muslim League (demand for a separate state for Muslims) 1940
✅‘August Offer’ (1940)
✅Formation of the Indian National Army (1941)
✅Cripps Mission (1942)
✅Quit India Movement (1942)

▪️Lord Wavell (1944-1947) C.
✅Rajagopalachari’s CR Formula (1944)
✅Wavell Plan and the Simla Conference (1942)
✅Cabinet Mission (1946)
✅Direct Action Day (1946)
✅Announcement of end of British rule in India by Clement Attlee (1947)

▪️Lord Mountbatten (1947-1948)
✅June Third Plan (1947)
✅Redcliff commission (1947)
✅India’s Independence (15 August 1947)

▪️Chakravarti Rajagopalachari (1948- 1950)
✅Last Governor-General of India, before the office, was permanently abolished in 1950

🔆 Famous Travellers to India (Chronological Order)

📍 Al-Biruni
✅ Nation: Uzbekistan
✅ Time Period: 11th century
✅ Book: Kitab-ul-Hind

📍 Marco Polo
✅ Nation: Italy
✅ Time Period: 13th century
✅ Book: — — —

📍 Ibn Batuta
✅ Nation: Morocco
✅ Time Period: 14th century
✅ Book: Rihala

📍 Abdur Razzaq
✅ Nation: Afghanistan
✅ Time Period: 15th century
✅ Book: — — —

📍 Jean Baptiste Travernier
✅ Nation: France
✅ Time Period: 17th century
✅ Book: — — —

📍 Francois Bernier
✅ Nation: France
✅ Time Period: 17th century
✅ Book: Travels in the Mughal Empire

✅ Indian Forest Service Final Results

Cutoff Indian Forest Service Examination 2024

✅️ The Brihadeeswarar Temple

The Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, is a significant Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, built by the Chola king Rajaraja I between 1003 and 1010 AD. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a prime example of Dravidian architecture. The temple complex, which includes the temple and its surrounding structures, is a testament to Chola power and skill in construction.

✅️ Characteristics of the temple:

The temple consists of a pyramidal spire and is adorned with sculptures and paintings inside as well as outside.

The entire temple structure is made out of granite.The Vimanam(temple tower) is 216 ft high and is said to be the tallest in the world.

The Kumbam(the apex or the bulbous structure on the top) of the temple is carved out of a single rock.

#Artandculture

Method of Agriculture

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UPSC CSE Mains Exam Pattern

UPSC Mains 2024 GS-2 Question

Q. Examine the need for electoral reforms as suggested by various committees with particular reference to “one nation – one election” principle. (Answer in 150 words)