🦑🎄CyberAdvent Day 21: pyDescribeSDDL - Simplify Windows SDDL Analysis

🔐 Ever struggled with decoding SDDL strings during audits or pentests? With pyDescribeSDDL, you can transform Security Descriptor Definition Language (SDDL) strings into readable insights effortlessly!

🛠 What is pyDescribeSDDL?
pyDescribeSDDL is a Python tool designed to parse and describe the contents of SDDL strings, making it easier to analyze Access Control Entries (ACEs), Access Control Lists (ACLs), and associated SIDs and GUIDs.

🔑 Key Features
1️⃣ Human-readable summaries: Use the --summary option to output clear and concise access information.
2️⃣ ACE Parsing: Supports detailed analysis of all major ACE types
3️⃣ SID Resolution: Automatically resolve well-known SIDs to their human-readable names.
4️⃣ GUID Parsing: Decode well-known GUIDs for easier interpretation.

📂 Check out pyDescribeSDDL here: https://github.com/p0dalirius/pyDescribeSDDL

Ref: Rémi Gascou (Podalirius)Rémi Gascou
@UndercodeCommunity
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🦑Web Vulnerability Resource - XSS

Unferstanding XSS Attack
https://lnkd.in/dg9THu25

XSS Filter Evasion by johnermac
https://lnkd.in/dk_gpSRP

Payloads XSs Evasion by citybasebrooks
https://lnkd.in/d4YQjBxE

XSS Resource by BruteLogic
https://lnkd.in/dcVG-RSX

XSS Challegens
https://lnkd.in/dhcbNe6d
https://lnkd.in/dif8SVjK

How to Find XSS by HackerOne
https://lnkd.in/dvqNm5bT

Learning about Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
https://lnkd.in/dYETX2VV

XSS CheatSheet by Portswigger Labs
https://lnkd.in/dAxxwj4

Hacktivity XSS by HackerOne
https://lnkd.in/dNNM86wx

XSS Explained by NahamSec
https://lnkd.in/dJiTs2td

XSS Stored, Blind, Reflected and DOM by InsiderPhD
https://lnkd.in/d9KzwBfd

Web Hacking Beyond Alert by Wild West
https://lnkd.in/djbgjFS8

XSS Tools
XSSTRIKE https://lnkd.in/dJkuhQ4X
Dalfox https://lnkd.in/dp_UnjGM
XSSMap https://lnkd.in/dgfqdEhj
FinDOM XSS https://lnkd.in/dffQm67D

Ref: Joas A SantosJoas A Santos
@UndercodeCommunity
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🦑[𝐅𝐑𝐄𝐄 𝐑𝐄𝐒𝐎𝐔𝐑𝐂𝐄𝐒 - 𝐀𝐂𝐓𝐈𝐕𝐄 𝐃𝐈𝐑𝐄𝐂𝐓𝐎𝐑𝐘 𝐏𝐄𝐍𝐓𝐄𝐒𝐓]

Whether you are preparing for a certification or need to sharpen your skills for your pentests.

🤓Here is a list of resources 🤓:

𝐍𝐞𝐞𝐝 𝐭𝐨 𝐩𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐞?
👉Set up and AD home lab with this blog post from spookysec:
https://lnkd.in/d-Dt7PBA

👉You also have a script here to set up a Vulnerable AD lab by WazeHell
https://lnkd.in/dyZS6WWr

👉 Check out the dedicated section on Active Directory of PenTips
https://lnkd.in/dhTP_eyt

👉Here is a collection of various common attack scenarios on Microsoft Azure Active Directory by Cloud-Architekt:
https://lnkd.in/dnFfRRMM

👉Julien Provenzano ☁️ shared a great document full of resources here:
https://lnkd.in/d-skx-R3

👉Finally here is an Active Directory Exploitation Cheat Sheet by Integration-IT
https://lnkd.in/dBijrUjT

Resources Credit : Gabrielle
@UndercodeCommunity
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🦑 SOC Architectures & Frameworks: Key to Cybersecurity! 🚨
As cyber threats grow, choosing the right Security Operations Center (SOC) and framework is crucial. Here’s a quick guide:
SOC Architectures:
Centralized SOC: One location, best for large organizations.
Decentralized SOC: Multiple locations, ideal for global companies.
Virtual SOC: Cloud-based, cost-effective for SMBs.
Hybrid SOC: Combines all models, offering flexibility.
Popular Frameworks:
NIST CSF: Risk-based, customizable.
MITRE ATT&CK: Helps improve threat detection.
ISO 27001: Compliance-focused, globally recognized.
CIS Controls: Simple, prioritized security controls.
Key Considerations: Budget, company size, risk level, and compliance needs. Make the right choice to protect your organization!

Ref: in pdf
@UndercodeCommunity
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𝐋𝐀𝐁 15 𝐏𝐫𝐚𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐌𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐫𝐞 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬: 𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐫 𝐀𝐧𝐭𝐢-𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐚𝐬𝐬𝐞𝐦𝐛𝐥𝐲 𝐓𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐧𝐢𝐪𝐮𝐞𝐬

🦑Webshell Testing for Defenders 💡

Having automated tools to spin up web servers isn’t just convenient—it’s a game-changer for defenders. Here's why:

🔍 Detection Opportunities:
Use these servers to validate analytic coverage for:

🗂 File modifications (webshell uploads)
⚙️ Process executions (commands from shells)
🎯 Suspicious behaviors triggered by shells

💻 How to Use:

1️⃣ Deploy your favorite tools (Sysmon, EDR, XDR, etc.)
2️⃣ Grab a webshell of choice, upload it, and start testing!
3️⃣Observe logs, alerts, and behaviors to identify gaps in your coverage.

🔥 Tools for Testing:

➡️ Apache Builder: https://github.com/MHaggis/notes/tree/master/utilities/ApachePHPBuild
➡️ IIS Builder: https://github.com/MHaggis/notes/tree/master/utilities/IISBuilder

Ref: Michael H.Michael H.
@UndercodeCommunity
▁ ▂ ▄ U𝕟𝔻Ⓔ𝐫Ć𝔬𝓓ⓔ ▄ ▂ ▁

🦑 Zero Trust Security: The Future of Cyber Defense 🔒

In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, protecting organizational assets requires a fundamental shift in how we approach security. Zero Trust Security has emerged as a game-changing framework designed to minimize risks and protect against sophisticated cyber threats.

Here’s a quick Zero Trust Security Cheatsheet to break it down:

📌 What is Zero Trust?
It’s a security model based on the principle of "Never Trust, Always Verify." Every user, device, and application must continuously prove their identity and intent, regardless of whether they are inside or outside the network.

📌 Key Pillars of Zero Trust:

1️⃣ Authentication Types:
🔻 Single-Factor Authentication (SFA): Basic, but less secure.
🔻 Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): A core requirement for enhanced security.

2️⃣ Verticals Leveraging Zero Trust:
🔻 Banking & Financial Services
🔻 Government & Defense
🔻 IT & Healthcare
🔻 Retail, E-commerce, and more.

3️⃣ Top Technologies and Applications:
🔻 Technologies: Microsegmentation, Zero Trust Network Access (ZTNA), MFA, Secure Access Service Edge (SASE).
🔻 Applications: AI-powered analytics, Identity & Access Management (IAM), Endpoint Security, and Network Access Control (NAC).

4️⃣ Core Security Areas:
🔻 Application Security: Safeguarding web apps and APIs with tools like WAF and runtime protection.
🔻 Cloud Security: Using CASB, CIAM, and CDLP to monitor cloud environments.
🔻 IoT Security: Securing IoT devices with firewalls and device management.
🔻 Data Security: Preventing breaches with DLP, encryption, and data masking.
🔻 Network Security: Employing IDS, IPS, and segmentation to protect networks.

Ref: Fadi Kazdar
@UndercodeCommunity
▁ ▂ ▄ U𝕟𝔻Ⓔ𝐫Ć𝔬𝓓ⓔ ▄ ▂ ▁

🦑Cloud Security Attacks - Repositorys

https://github.com/CyberSecurityUP/GCP-Pentest-Checklist

https://github.com/CyberSecurityUP/Cloud-Security-Attacks

🦑Manipulation of OTP Email Content via User-Injected Parameters in SAP SuccessFactors Career Portal

Ref: Aditay Kumar
@UndercodeCommunity
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🦑Windows Event IDs For SIEM Monitoring

1.Failed Login Attempts - Event ID: 4625
2.Account Lockouts - Event ID: 4740
3.Successful Login Outside Business Hours - Event ID: 4624
4.New User Creation - Event ID: 4720
5.Privileged Account Usage - Event ID: 4672
6.User Account Changes - Event IDs: 4722, 4723, 4724, 4725, 4726
7.Logon from Unusual Locations - Event ID: 4624 (with geolocation analysis)
8.Password Changes - Event ID: 4723 (change attempt), 4724 (successful reset)
9.Group Membership Changes - Event IDs: 4727, 4731, 4735, 4737
10.Suspicious Logon Patterns - Event ID: 4624 (anomalous logons)
11.Excessive Logon Failures - Event ID: 4625
12.Disabled Account Activity - Event ID: 4725
13.Dormant Account Usage - Event ID: 4624 (rarely used accounts)
14.Service Account Activity - Event IDs: 4624, 4672
15.RDP Access Monitoring - Event ID: 4624 (with RDP-specific filtering)
16.Lateral Movement Detection - Event ID: 4648 (network logons)
17.File and Folder Access - Event ID: 4663
18.Unauthorised File Sharing - Event IDs: 5140, 5145
19.Registry Changes - Event IDs: 4657
20.Application Installation and Removal - Event IDs: 11707, 1033
21.USB Device Usage - Event IDs: 20001, 20003 (from Device Management logs)
22.Windows Firewall Changes - Event IDs: 4946, 4947, 4950, 4951
23.Scheduled Task Creation - Event ID: 4698
24.Process Execution Monitoring - Event ID: 4688
25.System Restart or Shutdown - Event IDs: 6005, 6006, 1074
26.Event Log Clearing - Event ID: 1102
27.Malware Execution or Indicators - Event IDs: 4688, 1116 (from Windows Defender)
28.Active Directory Changes - Event IDs: 5136, 5141
29.Shadow Copy Deletion - Event ID: 524 (with VSSAdmin logs)
30.Network Configuration Changes - Event IDs: 4254, 4255, 10400
31.Execution of Suspicious Scripts - Event ID: 4688 (process creation with script interpreter)
32.Service Installation or Modification - Event ID: 4697
33.Clearing of Audit Logs - Event ID: 1102
34.Software Restriction Policy Violation - Event ID: 865
35.Excessive Account Enumeration - Event IDs: 4625, 4776
36.Attempt to Access Sensitive Files - Event ID: 4663
37.Unusual Process Injection - Event ID: 4688 (with EDR or Sysmon data)
38.Driver Installation - Event IDs: 7045 (Service Control Manager)
39.Modification of Scheduled Tasks - Event ID: 4699
40.Unauthorised GPO Changes - Event ID: 5136
41.Suspicious PowerShell Activity - Event ID: 4104 (from PowerShell logs)
42.Unusual Network Connections - Event ID: 5156 (network filtering platform)
43.Unauthorised Access to Shared Files - Event ID: 5145
44.DNS Query for Malicious Domains - Event ID: 5158 (DNS logs required)
45.LDAP Search Abuse - Event ID: 4662
46.Process Termination Monitoring - Event ID: 4689
47.Failed Attempts to Start a Service - Event ID: 7041
48.Audit Policy Changes - Event IDs: 4719, 1102
49.Time Change Monitoring - Event IDs: 4616, 520
50.BitLocker Encryption Key Changes - Event ID: 5379

Ref: Moham Hamadi
@UndercodeCommunity
▁ ▂ ▄ U𝕟𝔻Ⓔ𝐫Ć𝔬𝓓ⓔ ▄ ▂ ▁

🦑 Step-by-step breakdown of the journey of a URL:

1️⃣ DNS Resolution:
🔸 Your browser doesn’t understand domain names like mypage.com. It first queries a DNS (Domain Name System) to translate the human-readable domain into an IP address, so it knows where to find the server.

2️⃣ Cache Check:
🔸 Before the DNS query, the system checks local caches (browser, operating system, router, etc.) to see if the IP address is already stored for faster access.

3️⃣ TCP/IP Handshake:
Once the server IP is found, a TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) connection is established. This involves a three-step handshake:
🔸 SYN: Your browser says, "Can we connect?"
🔸 SYN-ACK: The server responds, "Sure, let’s connect!"
🔸 ACK: Your browser confirms, "Great, let’s proceed!"

4️⃣ HTTP Request:
🔸 Your browser sends an HTTP/HTTPS request to the server for the specific resource (e.g., HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images).

5️⃣ Server Response:
🔸 The server processes the request and responds with a status code (e.g., 200 OK, 404 Not Found, 500 Server Error) along with the requested data.

6️⃣ Rendering the Web Page:
🔸 The browser engine parses the HTML to build a DOM (Document Object Model) tree.
🔸 It parses CSS to create a CSSOM (CSS Object Model) tree.
🔸 JavaScript is executed, the DOM is updated, and the layout is computed.
🔸 Finally, the render tree is painted on the screen, turning raw code into the visual content you see.

✨ All this happens in seconds or less!
This process is a beautiful blend of networking, systems engineering, and browser technologies, working seamlessly to bring the internet to life.

Ref: Fadi Kazdar
@UndercodeCommunity
▁ ▂ ▄ U𝕟𝔻Ⓔ𝐫Ć𝔬𝓓ⓔ ▄ ▂ ▁

Extract all endpoints from a JS File and take your bug Method

Reflected XSS bypass WAF & Page notfound Method

https://kresec.medium.com/reflected-xss-bypass-waf-page-notfound-e149db1ee6c4

https://blog.tegalsec.org/reflected-xss-bypass-waf-page-notfound/

403 Bypass Payloads ⚙️

Video Proof of Unpatched MongoDB MFA Flaws