Which one of the principle states that except in the region of extreme ends of a bar car-rying direct loading, the stress distribution over the cross-section is uniform?

As per IS 3495 (Part 3). when there is a heavy deposit of salts accompanied by powder-ing and/or flaking of the exposed surfaces of brick, the liability to efflorescence shall be reported as ____

What is upper limit of maximum area of tension reinforcement for beams? Where, b = breadth of beam D = Overall depth of beam

When a RCC beam is subjected to twisting moment, torsion reinforcement is provided as:

The “Simply supported on the over-hanging side” support condition in original beam will be converted to ______ support condition of conjugate beam