Dear Students,
First Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8:30 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Basic Concepts

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

Major folk theatres #prelims #art

🔆 Scarborough Shoal: A Key Flashpoint in the South China Sea

📍 What is it?
A coral atoll in the South China Sea, disputed between China & the Philippines. Also known as Scarborough Reef (Huangyan Dao).

📍 Why is it Important?
✅ Strategic Location – Near key shipping lanes, close to Philippines, Vietnam, and China
✅ Rich Marine Life – A crucial fishing ground
✅ Military Significance – Ideal for military outposts

📍 The Dispute
✅ China’s Claim – Part of its Nine-Dash Line, covering most of the South China Sea
✅ Philippines’ Claim – Took the dispute to international arbitration
✅ China’s Control – Since 2012, with a constant coast guard presence

📍 International Response
✅ 2016 Tribunal Ruling – Rejected China’s claim
✅ Philippines’ Demand – Calls for international scrutiny of the shoal.

New PM of Belgium

Dear Students,
Second Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Money and Banking

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

🔆 Abu Musa, Greater Tunb, and Lesser Tunb Islands

📍 Location
✅ The Greater Tunb and Lesser Tunb islands are located in the eastern Persian Gulf, near the Strait of Hormuz, a vital global trade route.
✅ Abu Musa is another strategically important island in the region.

📍 Recent Context
✅ Iran has summoned China's ambassador to protest a joint China-UAE statement regarding the sovereignty of these islands.
✅ Iran has held control over these islands since 1971, a move that has been contested by the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

📍 Significance
✅ Strategic Importance: Proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, through which 20% of global oil supply passes.
✅ Geopolitical Tensions: Sovereignty disputes highlight the region's sensitive geopolitical dynamics.

📍 Current Status
✅ Despite claims by the UAE, the islands remain under Iranian control, adding to the complexity of regional diplomacy.

#UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims #geography

With less than 135 days until the Prelims, here are 5 tips to help you make this attempt your best yet—

1️⃣ Reducing Mobile Usage
- Don't take your mobile to the study zone.
- Keep your mobile on flight mode while studying.
- Check your phone usage and apps weekly.

2️⃣ Early Morning Routine
- Sleep early.
- Set 3 alarms on a loud volume.
- Rush to the study table within 15 minutes of waking up.

3️⃣ Plan Your Day:
- Keep a small diary or use the attached planner.
- Write a to-do list and assign time slots.

4️⃣ Short Focused Sessions:

- Practice meditation.
- Use the pomodoro technique (25 minutes study, 5 minutes break).


5️⃣ Nutrition and Exercise:
- Maintain a balanced diet for focus.
- Don't forget physical exercise (even 30 minutes of fast-paced walking).

Remember: The difference between successful and unsuccessful candidates is that one group is full of doers, while the other is full of wishers.

* Nano Bubble Technology: Water treatment using tiny bubbles for enhanced water quality.

* Benefits: Contaminant removal, increased dissolved oxygen, algae/biofilm reduction, improved aquatic animal water quality, better distribution/oxidation/disinfection.

* Protected Areas (India): Managed under Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. Management includes water level/aeration/circulation, silt/weed management, STPs.

* Zoos (India): Central Zoo Authority ensures hygiene/health of captive aquatic animals (Recognition of Zoo Rules, 2009).

* India Status: Pilot phase. Long-term impact studies pending.

🔆 POCSO Act: Protecting Children from Sexual Offences

✅ Context : The Supreme Court of India reinforced that consuming sexually explicit content involving minors is a serious crime under the POCSO Act.

📍 About the POCSO Act (2012)
✅ India’s first comprehensive law addressing child sexual abuse, administered by the Ministry of Women and Child Development.
✅ Aims to:
Protect children from sexual assault, harassment, and pornography.
Establish Special Courts for speedy trials.
✅ Amended in 2019: Introduced stricter penalties for severe offences.

📍 Key Provisions
✅ Gender-neutral: Defines a child as anyone under 18 years.
✅ Mandatory Reporting: Failure to report sexual offences is punishable.
✅ No Time Limit: Abuse can be reported anytime, even after years.
✅ Confidentiality: Victim’s identity cannot be disclosed without Special Court approval.

#gs1
#society

Dear Students,
Third Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Financial Markets

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

Good Morning🌞🌞

6 luxuries in life:

✅time
✅health
✅a quiet mind
✅slow mornings
✅ability to travel
✅a house full of love

Mount Harriet: Biodiversity and Significance 🌳🐾

✅ Forests: Known for evergreen primary forests and mixed deciduous forests, making it a biodiversity hotspot.
✅ Wildlife: Home to unique species like:
- Andaman wild pigs 🐗 (Endangered)
- Saltwater crocodiles 🐊
- Turtles 🐢
- Robber crabs 🦀

✅ Geographical Importance:
- Mount Harriet is the third-highest peak in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

🌍 A vital ecological zone with unique flora and fauna, contributing to the rich biodiversity of the region.

India Budget 2025-26: Sector-Wise Allocation (Descending Order)

1️⃣ ₹6.8 lakh crore – Defense & National Security
2️⃣ ₹3.5 lakh crore – Agriculture & Rural Development🚜
3️⃣ ₹3 lakh crore – Healthcare & Pharma 🏥
4️⃣ ₹2.9 lakh crore – Railways (Vande Bharat Freight Corridors) 🚆

Dear Students,
Fourth Economics Rapid revision class will be conducted today at 8 PM.
Subject:- Economy
Sub topic:-  Public Finance

Zoom Link for the class will be shared in the group.
https://t.me/+5SmN4Vv1mcFkNTRl

The significance of Sacred Groves is:

SACRED 🌿
• S – Soil & Climate Protection (Prevents erosion, stabilizes ecosystems)
E.g. Sarna forests in Jharkhand help prevent land degradation and desertification.

• A – Aquifer & Water Conservation (Maintains water tables, supports springs and rivers)
E.g. Sarpa Kavu groves in Kerala are crucial for maintaining local water tables and streamflow.

• C – Cultural & Religious Heritage (Integral to local traditions, rituals, and beliefs)
E.g. Mawphlang sacred forest in Meghalaya is central to Khasi tribal rituals and remains untouched for centuries.

• R – Reservoir of Biodiversity (Home to rare, endemic, and medicinal species)
E.g. Many groves in the Western Ghats serve as genetic reservoirs for native flora and fauna.

• E – Ecological Disaster Mitigation (Shields against floods, landslides, and droughts)
E.g. Dense groves in Rajasthan protect against desertification and extreme climate events.

• D – Divine Connection with Nature (Revered as abodes of deities and spirits, ensuring conservation)
E.g. Sacred groves in Himachal Pradesh are protected as the dwelling places of local deities.

पीछे रह जाते हैं वो लोग
जो अवसर का इंतज़ार करते हैं ,

जब मेहनत करना आपके हाथ में है ,
तो मौक़े के भरोसे नहीं ;
अपने परिश्रम के ज़रिए
लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करें

Skill Development Initiatives: 
✅Skill Training of Rural Youth (STRY): Offers 7-day short-term skill training in agriculture and allied sectors for self-employment. 
✅Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK): Provides training in agriculture, horticulture, livestock, and allied sectors to strengthen rural skills. 
✅Agriculture Technology Management Agency (ATMA): Delivers decentralized extension services to update farmers on new technologies and practices. 
✅Student READY Programme: Focuses on skill development and hands-on learning through training, rural awareness, internships, and projects