🔆 Key Takeaways: Shingles, Vaccine Benefits & Public Health

📍 Shingles and Its Causes
✅ Shingles is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (same as chickenpox)
✅ Leads to painful rashes and complications like vision loss, paralysis, and brain inflammation

📍 Shingles Vaccine and Cardiovascular Benefits
✅ A South Korean study (European Heart Journal) found vaccinated individuals had:
▪ 26% lower risk of major cardiovascular events
▪ 24% lower risk of stroke
▪ 22% lower risk of heart attack and clotting disorders
✅ Benefits more pronounced in men under 60 and those with unhealthy lifestyles

📍 Link Between Shingles Vaccine and Lower Dementia Risk
✅ A Welsh study found a 3.5 percentage point reduction in dementia diagnoses over 7 years
▪ Equals a 20% lower risk compared to unvaccinated
✅ Vaccine may prevent virus reactivation, reducing neurological damage and cognitive decline

📍 Support from Other Studies
✅ 2023 Oxford study (Shingrix): 17% reduction in dementia diagnoses in 6 years
✅ Study in Alzheimer’s & Dementia (130 million people):
▪ Links between lower dementia risk and vaccines for hepatitis A, typhoid, diphtheria
✅ Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease study found:
▪ 30% lower risk with diphtheria vaccine
▪ 27% with pneumococcal vaccine
▪ 25% with shingles vaccine

📍 Significance in Public Health
✅ Evidence supports broad health benefits of vaccines beyond primary disease prevention


#security

🔆 Glaciers and Their Associated Rivers
1. Batura – Hunza
2. Hispar – Hispar
3. Biafo – Braldu
4. Kedar Bamak – Mandakini
5. Godwin Austen – Tributary of Baltoro Glacier
6. Siachen – Nubra
7. Baltoro – Braldu
8. Bandarpunch – Hanuman Ganga
9. Gangotri – Bhagirathi
10. Yamunotri – Yamuna
11. Satopanth – Alaknanda
12. Milam – Saryu
13. Pindari – Pindar (tributary of Alaknanda)
14. Zemu – Lanchen (tributary of Teesta)
15. Kunchenjunga – Kanchen (very small river)

⚠️8 Important Schemes whose ministries are difficult to guess & their objective :

1. PM-PRANAM – Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers
Incentivizes states to reduce chemical fertilizer usage.

2. PM e-Bus Seva – Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs
Deployment of 10,000 e-buses in Tier 2 & 3 cities under PPP model.

3. PM SHRI Schools – Ministry of Education
Upgrades 14,500 schools into model schools for quality education.

4. GOBARdhan Scheme (Expanded) – Ministry of Jal Shakti
Establishes bio-CNG plants using agricultural and animal waste.

5. Lakhpati Didi Yojana – Ministry of Rural Development
Empowers rural women to earn ₹1 lakh annually through SHG microenterprises.

6. NAMASTE Scheme – Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs + MoSJ&E
Focuses on rehabilitation and skilling of sanitation workers.

7. Vibrant Villages Programme – Ministry of Home Affairs
Develops infrastructure in border villages to prevent outmigration.

8. PM-DAKSH – Ministry of Social Justice
Skilling and upskilling for SC, OBC, and DNT communities.

सूरमा नहीं विचलित होते, क्षण एक नहीं धीरज खोते,
विघ्नों को गले लगाते हैं, काँटों में राह बनाते हैं।
मुख से न कभी उफ़ कहते हैं, संकट का चरण न गहते हैं,
जो आ पड़ता सब सहते हैं, उद्योग-निरत नित रहते हैं।

You Can't Control Everything,
but You Can Deal with Anything.

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#upscprep #exams

UPSC aspirants appearing tomorrow,

1. You've done your bit. Stay calm.
2. Read every question carefully and look for the keywords. If you don't know it - skip it.
3. Don't over attempt.
4. Avoid negative marking.
5. See you on the other side of the merit list.


All the best for UPSC CSE Prelims 2025.
Just believe in your efforts done so far and the Almighty

जो भी cut-off का ज्ञान दे रहा है, उसको ignore करो |

Focus on CSAT first.
#csat

Take full rest today do not engage in checking from keys today itself.
Take some time to replenish yourself.
Keep your mental health in mind you guys had a big today . Appreciate yourself for your efforts.
😊
Shubh Ratri ⭐️🌸
#exam #upscprep

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Be more intentional about who you want to become. Have a vision beyond your current circumstances. Imagine your best future self, and start acting like that person today.

Brendon Burchard

Success is not an accident, it is not an outcome of luck.
#upscprep #UPSC

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