#National_Park

Nokrek National Park

▪️ Nokrek National Park, the core area of Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, is a national park located approximately 2 km from Tura Peak in West Garo Hills district of Meghalaya, India

▪️ UNESCO National park to its list of Biosphere Reserves in May 2009

▪️ West Garo Hills

▪️ Known for Citrus plants

▪️ All important rivers and streams of the Garo Hills region rise from the Nokrek Range, of which the river Simsang, known as Someshwari when it emerges into Bangladesh at Baghmara, is the most prominent.

▪️ Known for Siju Caves

National Parks of Bihar #UPSC #prelims

Good Morning🌞

#UPSC #prelims #PSC

India to become world’s third-largest economy by 2028, overtaking Germany, says Morgan Stanley.

The report says the Indian economy, valued at 3.5 trillion dollars in 2023, is projected to expand to 4.7 trillion dollars by 2026.

Freedom fighters of India

Jai Siya Ram 🙏🙏

"A ship is safe in harbor, but that’s not what ships are built for."
William G.T. Shedd

Comfort zones feel secure, but they are prisons in disguise. Step beyond them, and you’ll discover the vast ocean of possibilities awaiting you.

🌍 World Water Day – 22 March 💧

🔹 Established: 1993 (by the United Nations)
🔹 Objective: To raise awareness of freshwater conservation & ensure safe water access for all.
🔹 Core Focus: Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 – Clean water & sanitation for all by 2030.
🔹 Organizer: UN-Water (Sets annual themes)

💡 Why It Matters?
✅ 2.2 billion people lack access to safe water.
✅ Water is essential for life, peace, and sustainability.
✅ Addressing the global water crisis requires urgent action.

📅 World Water Day Themes (Recent & Upcoming):
🔹 2025 – 🌨 Glacier Preservation
🔹 2024 – 🤝 Leveraging Water for Peace
🔹 2023 – ⚡️ Accelerating Change
🔹 2022 – 🌊 Groundwater
🔹 2021 – 💙 Valuing Water
🔹 2020 – 🌏 Water and Climate Change

📢 Let’s Pledge Today!
💙 Save Water 💙 Protect Freshwater 💙 Ensure Water for All

💦 Happy World Water Day! 💦
🌊 "Every Drop Counts – Conserve, Protect, and Share!" 🌊

UPSC PYQ Repeated Species

✅Orangutan:-Tool with a stick to scrape insects from a hole in a tree
✅Otter- Refer the image.
✅Seahorses- Slow Swimmers where male gives birth to child as the female uses an ovipositor
✅ Earthworms, Millipedes, Woodlice- Detritivores
✅ Ceylon frogmouth, Coppersmith barbet- Birds
✅Asiatic lion- Naturally found in India only
✅ Blue Finned Mahseer- Naturally found in Cauvery River
✅ Rusty Spotted Cat- Naturally found in Eastern Ghats

#pyq_related #upsc #prelims

join—

◼️Bisleri International and Observer Research Foundation jointly released a book on 'Water Credit Valuation' at Raisina Dialogue 2025

◾️Launched at the Raisina Dialogue 2025, this comprehensive book titled ' Trading Blue Gold: A Blueprint for Water Credit Valuation in India ' aims to expand the framework beyond the beverage sector.

#UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims #books_and_authors

Good night 💤

Good Morning🌞

🔳 Sansad Bhashaani initiative will revolutionise parliamentary documentation and accessibility through AI and real-time translation

◾️In a major step towards modernising parliamentary procedures, the Lok Sabha Secretariat and the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to develop the Sansad Bhashaani initiative.

◾️It is designed to integrate AI-powered tools that will facilitate multilingual support, optimize documentation, and improve overall parliamentary operations.

◾️The initiative will deploy cutting-edge AI applications such as real-time speech-to-text transcription, speech-to-speech translation, and interactive AI chatbots.

◾️These technologies will ensure seamless translation of parliamentary debates, committee reports, and legislative documents into multiple Indian languages, thereby fostering inclusivity and broader public engagement.

#UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims #polity #science_and_technology

Good Morning🌞

Floating Exchange Rate: Flexibility in Currency Valuation

✅Definition: A system where a currency's value is determined by supply and demand in the foreign exchange market, allowing exchange rates to fluctuate continuously.
✅Characteristics: Not officially pegged or fixed to any other currency or commodity.
✅ Enables currencies to adjust freely to economic conditions, trade imbalances, and market forces.
🔸 Example: Countries like Canada operate under the floating exchange rate system.

Managed Float: Balancing Flexibility with Intervention

✅Definition: Also known as a dirty float, it's a system where a country's central bank or government occasionally intervenes in the foreign exchange market to influence its currency's value.
✅Features: Exchange rate is allowed to float, but authorities may intervene to stabilize or manage its value in response to economic goals or to prevent
excessive volatility.
🔸Example: Countries like India and China adopt a managed float exchange rate system.

#pre_revision
#economy

🔆 Srikakulam, Andhra Pradesh – A Historical Gem

📍 🏛 Historical Significance
✅ Historians are working to restore Srikakulam’s ancient prominence.
✅ Formerly known as Chicacole during British colonial rule.
✅ Part of the Kalinga Dynasty, later under the Gajapati Kingdom.

Kilauea Volcano

✅Why in news: Kilauea, one of the most active volcanoes in the world, started erupting again.

✅Location: Situated on the southeastern part of the Hawaii’s Big Island, as a part of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park
✅Volcano Type: It is an active shield volcano, formed by the eruption of highly fluid lava.

✅Kilauea has covered around 90% of its surface in lava flows within the last 1,000 years.
✅It is an elongated dome built of lava eruptions from the central crater and features long, shallow slopes.
✅It has two rift zones stretching to the east and southwest.

📍Volcanoes in India:

✅Barren Island (Andaman Islands): India's only active volcano.
✅Narcondam (Andaman Islands): Dormant volcano.
✅Baratang (Andaman Islands): Known for mud volcanoes.
✅Deccan Traps (Maharashtra): Vast volcanic plateau formed by ancient eruptions.
✅Dhinodhar Hills (Gujarat): Extinct volcano.
✅Dhosi Hill (Haryana): Ancient volcanic site with historical significance.

#Places_in_news #UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims

Surrender everything to krishna 🌟🌷
He will take care of everything 🌸

Good Morning🌞

🔆GPS Spoofing:

✅GPS spoofing, also known as GPS simulation, refers to the practice of manipulating or tricking a GPS receiver by broadcasting false GPS signals. 
✅Essentially, it misleads the GPS receiver into believing it is located somewhere it is not, resulting in the device providing inaccurate location data.
✅This form of cyberattack undermines the reliability of GPS data, which is vital for a variety of applications, from navigation to time synchronization and more.

📍How Does GPS Spoofing Work?

✅It exploits the inherent vulnerabilities in the GPS infrastructure – the weak signal strength of GPS satellites.
✅The Global Positioning System (GPS) functions by sending signals from satellites to GPS receivers on Earth.
✅These receivers then calculate their position based on the time it takes for these signals to arrive.
✅However, due to the weak signal strength of the GPS satellites, these signals can be easily overwhelmed by fake signals, resulting in inaccurate location data on the receiving device.
✅Typically, a GPS spoofer begins by acquiring a basic understanding of the victim’s GPS setup, including the types of signals it uses and how they are processed.
✅With that information, the attacker then sends counterfeit GPS signals that mimic the real ones.
✅These fake signals are stronger, causing the receiver to recognize them as authentic signals.
✅As a result, the victim’s GPS receiver ends up processing these counterfeit signals, leading to erroneous location information.

#UPSC #PSC #currentaffairs #prelims