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NEWS: NASA's James Webb Space Telescope has captured the clearest-ever image of the Whirlpool galaxy

نمط تفكير “الكل أو اللا شيء”
وكما يُعرف أيضًا بتفكير "الأبيض أو الأسود" يُعتبر أحد التشوهات المعرفية، وهي طرق تفكير غير عقلانية ومتطرفة حيال العالم وحيال نفسك والمواقف. وهو أيضاً عدم القدرة أو عدم الرَّغبة في رؤية الرّمادي في الامور. يطور أصحاب تفكير الكل أو اللاشي نمط تفكير سلبي، وبناءً عليه يعتقدون أنه عندما يحدث شيء خاطئ ستسير كل الأمور على هذا النحو.
وله مسميات أخرى ك "التفكير المطلق".

مثال عليه :
اعتادت شارون على إحضار زوجها لها القهوة قبل العمل كل صباح، إلا أنه تأخر اليوم عن العمل ولم يملك الوقت الكافي لإحضارها لها قبل أن يغادر.
لطالما شعرت شارون دائماً بحب زوجها لها ولكن بسبب عدم تمكنه من إحضار القهوة لها ليوم واحد. فسّرت ذلك بعدم اهتمامه أو عدم التفكير بها بالقدر الكافي. وعلى الفور وجدت نفسها عالقة في سيناريو سلبي وغير قادرة على إيجاد حل وسطي. 

The Statue of David is perhaps the most perfect work of art ever created, and yet it was carved from a rejected block of marble.

This is the story of the Renaissance masterpiece:

David is the work of Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, the legendary Florentine sculptor and polymath. His greatest sculpture came to be the defining work of the Renaissance.

It was first commissioned in 1464 to sit atop the roofline of Florence Cathedral, part of a series of Old Testament-themed sculptures. Two artists were tasked with the work before Michelangelo, but neither could successfully work the low-quality marble provided.

The block of Carrara marble was discarded until Michelangelo was called upon for the job, nearly 40 years after the original commission. He was in his mid-twenties at the time but already one of the finest sculptors alive.

He started work in 1501 at 26 years of age and took just over 2 years. Once finished, it was clearly too perfect, and too large, to be hoisted atop the cathedral. It was displayed instead at the Palazzo della Signoria, its famous glare facing towards Rome.

Carved from a single block, the colossal statue is 17 feet tall - equivalent to a 2-story building. That the young genius achieved something so perfect at this scale, and hewn from a damaged block of stone, is almost miraculous.

Because it was intended to be gazed up at from ground level, Michelangelo carved certain elements deliberately out of proportion, with an exaggerated head, facial features, arms and hands.

He worked masterfully around the limitations of the stone. David is relatively slim and his head is pointed to the side, because the block was too narrow to face forward. His contrapposto poise accounted for a hole that already existed in the marble between the legs.