Ancient Egyptians used moldy bread on infected wounds and cuts in order to treat some patients, and no one understood why.

Until 1928, it was discovered by scientist Alexander Fleming that penicillin had a great effect as an antibiotic on bacteria.

When bread is left rot, it secretes a fungus called Penicillium, from which penicillin is derived, most famous antibiotic used so far to treat bacteria known to Egyptians 5000 years ago.

Cologne, Germany

Japanese satirical map of the world during World War I

The Pale Blue Dot is an iconic photograph of Earth captured by the Voyager 1 space probe in 1990. Taken from a distance of around 6 billion kilometers (3.7 billion miles) as Voyager 1 was departing our solar system, the image portrays Earth as a tiny, pale blue speck in the vastness of space. This image is a powerful reminder of our planet's isolation and fragility in the cosmic expanse, highlighting the need for responsible stewardship of our home. The photograph was a result of astronomer Carl Sagan's suggestion to turn Voyager's camera back towards Earth, offering a profound perspective on our place in the universe.

Ottoman map of Africa in the 1600's.

Bronze Corinthian Type - "Helmet of Miltiades" Athenian General who defeated Persians at Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.

Inscription on lip of helmet cheek section reads in Greek "Miltiades dedicated to Zeus".

Helmet was discovered in Temple of Zeus at Olympia, Greece.

Archaeological Museum of Olympia

posting is gonna slow down a bit cause I'm in surgery training.

but we still gonna have at least one post a day (of historical schizo ranting )

Today Augustus died 14AD. He was the founder of the Roman Empire and its first Emperor, ruling from 27 BC until his death

Caesar Augustus was born Gaius Octavius in 63 B.C. His great-uncle was Julius Caesar, who he fought beside in 47 B.C. Augustus impressed his great uncle so much during battle that when Julius Caesar was assassinated in 43 B.C., he had appointed Augustus as heir to his political and personal fortune in his will. Augustus, at the age of 19, accepted the inheritance from Caesar’s will and was quickly plunged into the complicated world of Roman politics. He quickly formed strategic alliances, defeated his political rivals, and won a bitterly fought civil war. In 31 B.C. at the Battle of Actium, Augustus won a decisive victory over his rival Mark Antony and his Egyptian fleet.

Returning to Rome, Augustus was acclaimed a hero. With skill, efficiency, and cleverness, he secured his position as the first Emperor of Rome. Augustus claimed he acted for the glory of the Roman Republic, not for personal power. He appealed to Roman citizens by claiming that he led a frugal and modest life.

Augustus reorganized Roman life throughout the empire. He passed laws to encourage marital stability and renew religious practices. He instituted a system of taxation and a census while also expanding the network of Roman roads. He founded a postal service and established a regular police force and fire brigade in Rome.

Augustus expanded the empire, annexing Egypt, part of Spain, areas of central Europe, and even lands in the Middle East, such as Judea in 6 AD. These additions, along with the end of civil wars, fostered the growth of an enormous trading network.

Augustus died outside of Naples, Italy, in 14 AD. His body was returned to the capital. Businesses closed the day of his funeral out of deep respect for the emperor. He was a ruler of ability and vision and at his death, Augustus was proclaimed by the Senate to be a Roman god.

The Moon as seen from the International Space Station.
it is undeniably beautiful, however not as beautiful as you.

This finely detailed cameo of Roman Emperor Augustus; was made in 1st Century AD.

Carved from sardonyx, naturally occurring alternating colours of rock are used to delineate different features in portrait.

MET Museum

Homer (Hómeros) was born in Greece; 8th Century BC.

The Iliad is often regarded as first substantial piece of European literature. Iliad and Odyssey were likely written down in Homeric Greek, a literary amalgam of lonic Greek and other dialects, dated around 8th-7th Century BC.

The Iliad -

Sing, O goddess, the anger of Achilles son of Peleus, that brought countless ills upon the Achaeans. Many a brave soul did it send hurrying down to Hades, and many a hero did it yield a prey to dogs and vultures, for so were the counsels of Jove fulfilled from the day on which the son of Atreus, king of men, and great Achilles, first fell out with one another.

And which of the gods was it that set them on to quarrel? It was the son of Jove and Leto; for he was angry with the king and sent a pestilence upon the host to plague the people, because the son of Atreus had dishonoured Chryses his priest. Now Chryses had come to the ships of the Achaeans to free his daughter, and had brought with him a great ransom: moreover he bore in his hand the sceptre of Apollo wreathed with a suppliant's wreath, and he besought the Achaeans, but most of all the

two sons of Atreus, who were their chiefs.

'Sons of Atreus,' he cried, 'and all other Achaeans, may the gods who dwell in Olympus grant you to sack the city of Priam, and to reach your homes in safety; but free my daughter, and accept a ransom for her, in reverence to Apollo, son of Jove.'

The first anniversary image from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope - Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex

20. August