The world's deepest mailbox is situated off the coast of Japan, specifically in Susami Bay. This unique mailbox can be found nearly 33 feet underwater. It was set up in 1999 with the intention of promoting Japan's historic Kumano Kodo pilgrimage trail and the picturesque areas surrounding it. This underwater post box is a remarkable and creative way to draw attention to the cultural significance of the Kumano Kodo and the natural beauty of the southern part of Wakayama's Kii Peninsula.

Fascinating fact about Susami Bay's underwater mailbox: it's not just a gimmick, but an operational post box! Divers and snorkelers can actually post waterproof cards here, and they're collected daily. Since its inception, over 32,000 pieces of mail have been sent from this deep-sea location. The mailbox itself needs frequent replacement due to the corrosive saltwater environment. Also, the idea was initially proposed by the then postmaster of Susami, Toshihiko Matsumoto, during a brainstorming session on how to revitalize the town. Such an inventive merge of culture and nature!

Within modern philosophy there are generally taken to be two fundamental conceptions of idealism:

1. Something mental (the mind, spirit, reason, will) is the ultimate foundation of all reality, or even exhaustive of reality, and everything considered to be “real” must be taken to be a manifestation of something mental (even the mental itself ).

2. Although the existence of something independent of the mind is conceded, everything that we can know about this mind-independent “reality” is held to be so permeated by the creative, formative, or constructive activities of the mind (of some kind or other) that all claims to knowledge must be considered, in some sense, to be a form of self-knowledge, understood as knowledge that is rooted in contributions by the subject of knowledge.

Idealism in sense (1) has been called “metaphysical” or “ontological idealism,” while idealism in sense (2) has been called “formal” or “epistemological idealism.”

Idealism in Modern Philosophy
Paul Guyer and Rolf-Peter Horstmann

Map of Paris - 1784: The "New Road Plan for the City and Suburbs of Paris".

A Greek Silver Coin depicting the Head of Athena wearing earring and helmet decorated with olive-leaves. Reversed is an Owl (Wisdom) within incuse square with olive-spray and crescent. 450-406 BC and minted in Athens.

A blue ornate glass bowl with an Ancient Greek inscription, which translates as "Drink to live forever, for many years," was discovered in a 4th-century AD Roman cemetery in Slovenia. This artifact is now housed in the City Museum of Ljubljana.

Your hand is cold, mine burns like fire.

How blind you are, Nastenka.

The Forgotten Chapel, located in the fields of Northern Italy, holds a rich history that dates back several centuries. Its origins trace back to the medieval period, around the 12th century, when the region was a hub of cultural and religious activity. The chapel is often associated with a local legend, which suggests that it was built by a group of monks seeking a place of spiritual solace.

Over the years, the chapel underwent various architectural modifications and renovations, reflecting the changing artistic styles and religious practices of the times. Its unique blend of Romanesque and Gothic elements is a testament to the artistic and architectural influences prevalent in Northern Italy during different periods.

The chapel's secluded location in the fields played a crucial role in its eventual neglect and abandonment. As the region underwent shifts in economic and social dynamics, the chapel gradually lost its importance as a center of worship. Local communities and religious authorities shifted their focus to more accessible and centrally located places of worship.

In recent times, efforts have been made by historians, archaeologists, and local enthusiasts to preserve and restore the Forgotten Chapel. These initiatives aim to uncover the historical significance of the chapel, rekindling interest in its past and its role in the cultural and religious landscape of the region. The chapel now stands as a poignant reminder of the area's history, offering a glimpse into the spiritual and artistic heritage of Northern Italy.

Barry James Marshall was a young Australian physician who, along with his colleague Robin Warren, discovered that a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was the cause of most gastric and peptic ulcers, contrary to the prevailing belief that they were caused by stress or spicy foods.

However, their hypothesis was met with skepticism and ridicule by the medical establishment, who refused to accept that a bacterium could survive in the acidic environment of the stomach.

To demonstrate the validity of his theory, Marshall decided to conduct a self-experiment in 1984. He drank a culture of H. pylori that he had isolated from a patient and waited for the symptoms to appear. Within a week, he developed severe ulcers. He cured himself with antibiotics and proved that the bacterium was indeed responsible for peptic ulcers.

In 1995, he and Warren received the Lasker Award for their discovery. In 2005, they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their contribution to medicine and science.