Biotic interaction
✅Organisms living in th is earth are interlinked to each other in one way or other. The interaction between the organisms is fundamental for its survival and functioning of ecosystem as a whole.
✅Biotic Interaction
(+) Benefited for both species
(–) harmed
(0) Neither Benefited nor harmed.
1. Mutualism (+) (+)
2. Commensalism (+) (0)
3. Competition (–) (–)
4. Predation (+) (–)
5. Parasitism (+) (–)
6. Amensalism (–) (0)
7. Neutralism (0) (0)
✅Organisms living in th is earth are interlinked to each other in one way or other. The interaction between the organisms is fundamental for its survival and functioning of ecosystem as a whole.
✅Biotic Interaction
(+) Benefited for both species
(–) harmed
(0) Neither Benefited nor harmed.
1. Mutualism (+) (+)
2. Commensalism (+) (0)
3. Competition (–) (–)
4. Predation (+) (–)
5. Parasitism (+) (–)
6. Amensalism (–) (0)
7. Neutralism (0) (0)
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10 Important Summits & Conferences 2024
1.COP 16 -Cali ,Columbia
2. BRICS(2024) - Kazan, Russia
3. G20(2024) - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
4. G7(2024) - Fasano in Apulia, Italy
5. COP29 (2024) - Baku, Azerbaijan
6. Asian Buddhist Summit - New Delhi
7. 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas - Bhubaneswar, Odisha
8. SCO Summit - Islamabad, Pakistan
9. 44th and 45th ASEAN Summits - Vientiane, Laos
10. 1st BIMSTEC Business Summit - New Delhi
1.COP 16 -Cali ,Columbia
2. BRICS(2024) - Kazan, Russia
3. G20(2024) - Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
4. G7(2024) - Fasano in Apulia, Italy
5. COP29 (2024) - Baku, Azerbaijan
6. Asian Buddhist Summit - New Delhi
7. 18th Pravasi Bharatiya Divas - Bhubaneswar, Odisha
8. SCO Summit - Islamabad, Pakistan
9. 44th and 45th ASEAN Summits - Vientiane, Laos
10. 1st BIMSTEC Business Summit - New Delhi
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🔆Spices Board India
✅ Statutory organization constituted under the Spices Board Act 1986
✅ It was formed with the merger of the erstwhile Cardamom Board and Spices Export Promotion Council
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
✅ It functions as an international link between the Indian exporters and the importers abroad
✅ It is responsible for the overall development of cardamom (small and large) and also implement post-harvest improvement programmes to improve the quality of the 52 scheduled spices for export along with organic production, processing and certification of spices
✅ Recently, with certain spices of Indian brands facing bans in Singapore and Hong Kong due to quality concerns, the Spices Board said it will start mandatory testing of such consignments.
✅ Statutory organization constituted under the Spices Board Act 1986
✅ It was formed with the merger of the erstwhile Cardamom Board and Spices Export Promotion Council
✅ Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Commerce & Industry
✅ It functions as an international link between the Indian exporters and the importers abroad
✅ It is responsible for the overall development of cardamom (small and large) and also implement post-harvest improvement programmes to improve the quality of the 52 scheduled spices for export along with organic production, processing and certification of spices
✅ Recently, with certain spices of Indian brands facing bans in Singapore and Hong Kong due to quality concerns, the Spices Board said it will start mandatory testing of such consignments.
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MONETARY POLICY [ QUANTITATIVE TOOL ]
1. Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF)
■ Repo & Reverse Repo Rate
2. Marginal Standing Facility (MSF)
3. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
4. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
5. Bank Rate
6. Credit Ceiling
7. Open Market Operation
☆ Higher SLR , CRR - lower liquidity
1. Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF)
■ Repo & Reverse Repo Rate
2. Marginal Standing Facility (MSF)
3. Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
4. Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
5. Bank Rate
6. Credit Ceiling
7. Open Market Operation
☆ Higher SLR , CRR - lower liquidity
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