Union Cabinet approves classical language status for Marathi, Bengali, Assamese, Pali, and Prakrit
Union Cabinet approves classical language status for Marathi, Bengali, Assamese, Pali, and Prakrit
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/union-cabinet-decisions-marathi-assamese-bengali-pali-prakrit-get-classical-language-status/article68714789.ece

Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali added as classical languages.

- 2004: Govt decided to create a new category of languages as “classical languages”
- Tamil (2004), Sanskrit (2005), Telugu and Kannada (2008), and Malayalam and Odia (2013-14)
- 2024: more languages added- Maharashtra (Marathi), Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh (Pali and Prakrit), West Bengal (Bengali), and Assam (Assamese)
- Criteria? (1) history over a period of 1500-2000 years (2) ancient literature/texts, (3) literary tradition be original and not borrowed from another speech community;
- Benefit? Govt fund for opening Central Institutes for the given language, more college courses & associated professor jobs.

🔆SARTHIE 1.0

✅Recently, the Department of Social Justice and Empowerment (DoSJE), Government of India, and the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) launched the SARTHIE 1.0.

✅It is an initiative intended to empower disadvantaged communities, including Scheduled Castes (SCs), Other Backward Classes (OBCs), Senior Citizens, Transgender Persons, Victims of Alcoholism and Substance Abuse, persons engaged in the act of Begging, Denotified and Nomadic Tribes and more.
✅It aligns with the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, particularly the goals focused on eradicating poverty, reducing inequality, and promoting social protection policies that ensure greater equality for all.
✅The collaboration aims to bridge the awareness gap and provide legal assistance to ensure the effective implementation of social welfare programmes.
✅It offers a synergy between the executive and the judiciary and ensures that social justice is further strengthened.

Correct Answer B) Nithya Gandhe

In September 2024, Nithya Gandhe secured the gold medal in the women's 100m sprint at the 2024 National Athletics Championships, showcasing her exceptional speed and athletic prowess. Her victory adds to India's growing presence in track and field, highlighting New India's emerging athletic talents.

Participate in MyGov’s New India Quiz to stay informed about India’s inspiring sports achievements!

🔆 The National Film Awards    :
✅ Established - 1954
✅ Three sections : Feature Films, Non-Feature Films, and Best Writing in Cinema.
✅ These awards have been administered by the Directorate of Film Festivals since 1973.
✅ Award ceremony - New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards.
✅ This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public.
✅ The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is the highest honor, given for outstanding contribution to the growth and development of Indian Cinema
✅ Renaming of Awards :
◽️The Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a director' will now be known simply as 'Best Debut Film of a Director
◽️The Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration' has been renamed as the 'Best Feature Film Promoting National, Social, and Environmental Values
✅ Based on Recommendations of a committee set up by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting.

🔆Marburg Viral Disease :

✅It is a severe, highly infectious hemorrhagic fever similar to Ebola belongs to the filovirus family.
✅The natural host of the Marburg virus is the African fruit bat, which carries the pathogen.
✅The virus can be transmitted from bats to primates, including humans.
✅The virus was first identified in 1967 in Marburg, Germany, after workers contracted it from infected green monkeys.
✅There are currently no approved vaccines or antiviral treatments.

🔆 Government Securities (G-Sec) :

✅ A Tradable instrument issued by the Central Government or the State Governments.
✅ A G-Sec is a type of debt instrument issued by the government to borrow money from the public to finance its Fiscal Deficit.
✅ Kinds :
◽️Short : Term (usually called treasury bills, with original maturities of less than one year
◽️Long : Term (usually called Government bonds or dated securities with original maturity of one year or more)
✅ Issuer :
🔸️ Central Government - issues both, treasury bills & bonds or dated securities
🔸️ State Government - Only bonds or dated securities [State Development Loans (SDLs)]
✅ G-Secs carry practically no risk of default and, hence, are called risk-free gilt-edged instruments.
✅ Issue Mechanism : The RBI conducts Open Market Operations (OMOs) for sale or purchase of G-secs to adjust money supply conditions.

🔆Chikungunya

✅It is a viral diseasetransmitted to humans through the bites of mosquitoes infected with the chikungunya virus.
✅The word comes from the African Makonde language and means "bent over in pain." 

📍Transmission:
✅It is most commonly transmitted by mosquitoes, Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti and Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus, which can also transmit dengue and Zika viruses.
✅It is not spread from person to person. 
✅It was first described during an outbreak in southern Tanzania in 1952 and has now been identified in nearly 40 countries in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas

📍Symptoms:
✅Symptoms usually begin 4 to 8 days after a mosquito bite but can appear anywhere from 2 to 12 days.
✅The most common symptom is an abrupt onset of fever, often accompanied by joint pain. 
✅Other symptoms include muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue, and rash. 
✅Serious complications are uncommon, but atypical severe cases can cause long-term symptoms and even death, especially in older people.

📍Treatment:
✅There is currently no approved vaccine or specific treatmentfor chikungunya virus infections.
✅The goal of treatment for the infection is to relieve symptoms with rest, fluids and drugs.

Nobel Prize in Physiology (2024)

The 2024 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation.


Nobel laureate (Indians)

• Literature (1913) - Ravindra Nath Tagore
• Physics (1930) - CV Raman
• Medicine (1968) - Hargovind Khurana
• Peace (1979) - Mother Teresa
• Physics (1983) - Subramanian Chandrasekhar
• Economics (1998) - Amartya Sen
• Chemistry (2009) - Venkataraman Radhakrishnan
• Peace (2014) - Kailash Satyarthi ​
• Economics (2019) - Abhijeet Banerjee

🔆 Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) :

✅ Attacks the immune system in the human body
✅ Destroys a Specific Type of WBC (White Blood Cells) & The T-helper cells / CD4 cells .
✅ This virus also replicates & multiplies itself inside these cells.
✅ It primarily targets and damages CD4 immune cells, which are essential for the body's ability to fight infections and diseases
✅ Late Stage - The Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome stage (AIDS) [Severe Condition : Failure of the infected person’s immune system]
✅ Transmission - Through The Exchange of Bodily Fluids such as Blood, Breast Milk, Vaginal Fluid, Semen or Pre-Ejaculate
✅ Cure - Antiretroviral Therapy [allowing the number of CD4 immune cells to bounce back] , Bone Marrow Transplant [Replaces one’s bone marrow with healthy cells]

Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)  :
✅ Statutory body
✅ Established - September 2008 ,Under The Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006 (FSS Act).
✅ Operates - Under Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
✅ Headquarters - New Delhi
✅ Six regional offices - Delhi, Guwahati, Mumbai, Kolkata, Cochin, and Chennai.
✅ Structure - Chairperson and twenty two members out of which 1/3rd are to be women
✅ The FSSAI is responsible for the Food Certification in India.
✅ Functions -
◽️Creating Guidelines and Standards
◽️Awarding License
◽️Conducting Audits
◽️Literacy about food safety
◽️Retain Records and Information
◽️Keeping the Government Informed

🏝 12 BLUE FLAG BEACHES IN INDIA

1. Minicoy Thundi Beach : Lakshadweep

2. Kadmat Beach : Lakshadweep

3. Kovalam Beach : Tamil Nadu

4. Eden Beach : Puducherry

5. Golden Beach – Odisha
(Oldest)

6. Shivrajpur Beach – Gujarat

7. Kappadd Beach : Kerala

8. Ghoghla Beach : Diu

9. Radhanagar Beach : Andaman & Nicobar

10. Kasarkod Beach : Karnataka

11. Padubidri Beach : Karnataka

12. Rushikonda Beach : Andhra Pradesh

School of philosophy

🔆Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan

✅Prime Minister Narendra Modi recently launched the Dharti Aaba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyan, a comprehensive package aimed at saturating basic schemes in Scheduled Tribe (ST)-majority villages across India. This initiative is part of the government's efforts to improve the socio-economic conditions of tribal communities.

📍 Key Features of the Package

✅Scheme Saturation: The package aims to ensure the implementation of various government schemes in ST-majority villages. This will help address the specific needs and challenges faced by these communities.
✅Focus on Tribal Development: The package is specifically designed to benefit tribal people across the country. It will provide essential services and infrastructure to improve their quality of life.

📍Significance of the Package

✅Addressing Tribal Disparity
✅ Empowering Tribal Communities
✅Promoting Tribal Development