The sympathetic preganglionic neurons release......... at their terminals ,and the effect is always.........

Norepinephrine are found in the most postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division

The main difference between ganglia and nuclei is that ganglia clusters of nerve cell bodies in the CNS and the nuclei are clusters of nerve cell bodies in the PNS

The following about sympathetic nervous system is true except:

💡Alpha receptors located at ________ neuroeffector junction, and have greater affinity for ________.

Outbreaks of toxoplasmosis have been linked to the consumption of filtered water.

In.......infection , toxoplasmosis is an important opportunistic infection with considerable morbidity and mortality

The sexual phase of the parasite’s life cycle occurs in the........ epithelium of the domestic cat.

in Toxoplasma gondii , Oöcysts are shed in cat faeces and are spread to intermediate hosts (pigs, sheep and also humans) through widespread contamination of water

in Toxoplasma gondii , Once they are ingested, the parasite transforms into rapidly dividing tachyzoites through cycles of sexual multiplication.

in Toxoplasma gondii , Cats become infected or reinfected by ingesting tissue cysts in prey such as rodents and birds.

in Toxoplasma gondii , In most immunocompetent individuals, including children and pregnant women, the infection goes unnoticed.

in Toxoplasma gondii , The axillary nodes are primarily involved but mediastinal, mesenteric or retroperitoneal groups may be affected.

in Toxoplasma gondii , , Encephalitis, myocarditis, polymyositis, pneumonitis or hepatitis occasionally occur in immunocompetent hosts but are more frequent in immunocompromised patients

in Toxoplasma gondii , Retinochoroiditis is usually the result of congenital infection but has also been reported in acquired disease.

in Toxoplasma gondii , The Sabin–Feldman dye test (indirect fluorescent antibody test), which detects IgA antibody, is most commonly used.

in Toxoplasma gondii , the presence of Toxoplasma organisms in a lymph node biopsy or other tissue can be detected histochemically with T. gondii antiserum, or by the use of PCR to detect Toxoplasma- specific RNA

in Toxoplasma gondii , During pregnancy, it is critical to differentiate recent from past infection; the presence of high-avidity IgG antibodies excludes infection acquired in the preceding 3–4 months.