The key to speaking more like a native English speaker is to use and understand everyday English expressions. There’s slang, which you’ve already been introduced to, and then there are idioms. Both are very fun ways to boost your English vocabulary and cultural knowledge. Idioms are expressions that cannot be taken literally (exactly). They are metaphorical. For example, if a person is “green with envy,” their bodies aren’t the color of a lizard – it’s just a phrase. It means that they’re jealous. The English language is full of idioms just like this.

English is an extremely colorful language. It has many ways of expressing the same ideas, so having a diverse vocabulary is important. This diversity is the same for idioms. One of the most popular themes for idioms is color. Color is used everywhere in the world to convey (give) meaning, and symbolizes different things in different countries. For example, in the US the color of death and mourning is black whereas in China it’s white. Quite often a color symbolizes a feeling or state of mind. Other times, we simply use color in expressions to brighten up our language and make it more interesting.

“To wave a white flag”

Meaning: To show that you’ve lost (a game, challenge or war) and you give up.

Interesting fact: waving a white flag dates back to war time. When one army was losing and they were afraid of losing more men, they waved a white piece of material in the air to show they wanted to stop fighting.

Usage: While I was arguing with my mom about the party I waved a white flag. There was no point in arguing. She wasn’t going to change her mind.

“As white as a ghost”

Meaning: To describe a person’s face being very pale (white) because of their shock or fear.

Usage: My friend turned as white as a ghost when she realized there was a stranger standing at her bedroom window.

“To tell a white lie”

Meaning: To tell a small lie that doesn’t hurt another person.

Usage: We had to tell our mom a white lie about the money. We couldn’t let her know we’d spent it all on chocolat

“As black as coal”

Meaning: To be very black. Coal is a small piece of carbon used to burn on fires.

Usage: There were many clouds last night and the sky was as black as coal.

“Black and blue”

Meaning: Very beaten up and bruised. Bruised is when you have dark blue/black marks on your body from hitting an object hard or being hit by another person.

Usage: After John lost the wrestling match he was black and blue. The other guy was very strong.

“Black eye”

Meaning: When the area around your eye looks very black because it has been hit.

Usage: When Mel fell down and hit her face on her brother’s toy truck she got a black eye.

“Black market”

Meaning: The area where illegal things such as drugs and guns are bought and sold.

Usage: People who can’t buy a gun legally with a permit usually can buy one on the black market.

“Black sheep of the family”

Meaning: A person who is different (usually in a negative way) to the rest of the other family members.

Usage: Al is the only one in his family who hasn’t gone to college. He’s the only one who doesn’t have a proper job. He’s considered to be the black sheep of the family.

“Black tie event”

Meaning: A formal event or party that men are expected to wear a black suit with a tie. Women are expected to wear long formal dresses.

Usage: The Oscars is one of the world’s most famous black tie events.

Blue Idioms

“Feel blue”

Meaning: To feel sad or depressed about something.

Usage: Can you call Sally and try and make her laugh? She’s feeling blue after Mike left.

“Blue blood”

Meaning: If a person has blue blood they come from a wealthy or royal family.

Usage: It’s no surprise he likes to go to the opera. He’s got blue blood.

“Out of the blue”

Meaning: Something happens unexpectedly (by surprise or without warning).

Usage: Mary just showed up at the house out of the blue yesterday. We thought she was still in Europe.

“Catch someone red-handed”
Meaning: To catch a person doing something they were not supposed to be doing.

Usage: We caught Jake and Julia red-handed. They were hugging and kissing even though they deny it (say it’s not true).

“To paint the town red”

Meaning: To go out and have a good time partying.

Usage: Our exams are finished. Now it’s time to go out, celebrate and paint the town red.

“A red flag”

Meaning: A sign that something that is not right. A warning sign.

Usage: Even though there were red flags in the relationship, Alice ignored them. Now she’s getting a divorce.