شفت اني هواي قنوات حاجين عليه
بس كلت چات ممقصر عليمن انزل برنامج لاخ
بس البارحة انطيته فرصة
وطلع صدك راقي ✨

وبالنسبة للملزمة الثانية مال salivary glands
فهاي كيسات عليها :

A 45-year-old female patient presents with a history of recurrent swelling in her neck below the angle of the jaw, which she reports occurs most reliably when she begins to eat a meal . The swelling is described as diffuse and non-tender, usually associated with a burning local pain . She notes that the swelling typically resolves within a few hours .
What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer:Sialolithiasis

***

A 5-year-old child is brought to the clinic presenting with recurrent unilateral parotid inflammation. The current episode involves localized pain and swelling that has lasted for several days, accompanied by a fever and overlying erythema . Examination reveals that white mucopus can occasionally be expressed from the parotid duct. The child's parents report that these attacks occur a few times per year.

What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer: Recurrent parotitis of childhood (Juvenile recurrent parotitis)

***

A 60-year-old male patient with a history of hepatic cirrhosis and newly diagnosed hypothyroidism presents with bilateral, non-painful enlargement of his major salivary glands . He reports no associated signs of inflammation or acute infection.

What is this non-inflammatory disorder characterized by bilateral salivary gland enlargement called?

Answer: Sialosis

***

A 25-year-old patient presents with a single, recurrent, fluctuant, well-circumscribed bluish swelling on the lateral aspect of their lower lip. The swelling is painless and has been known to rupture easily.

What is the likely diagnosis for this common minor salivary gland disease?

Answer: Mucocoele

***

A middle-aged female presents with severe dry mouth (xerostomia) and dry eyes (xerophthalmia). The xerostomia is so severe that she has difficulty speaking (dysarthria) and swallowing (dysphagia), and she has developed rampant dental caries.

What is the likely diagnosis?

Answer: Sjögren syndrome

طفل حديث الولادة عمره يوم واحد ، ولد بوزن طبيعي ، بدا يتقيئ بعد ساعات من الولادة ، من سالت امه على الcolour of vomit كالت لون قريب على الاخضر
دزينا اشعة وجتنا هيج

What is your provisional diagnosis?

Hint

It is the most common cause of acute intestinal obstruction in newborns…..

شلون نحسب كمية الfluids الي لازم ننطيها لمرضى الحروق؟

% TBSA : Total body surface area (نسبة الحرق)

من رخصة مد التوليد طبعاً *

من محاضرة د محمد عبدالحسين الخامسة ، المحاضرة كلش مهمة

Dr Haider Raheem
Lec 2: chronic arterial occlusive disease of lower extremities

Signs:
1- Elevation pallor & Dependent rubor
2- prolonged capillary refill Time
3- Diminished/ Absent arterial pulses distal to occlusion.
4- Arterial bruit (heard over the pulse, indicates turbulent flow and suggests a stenosis)
5- Nail changes and loss of hair

Drugs:
1- Statin (Even when the lipid
profile is normal → stabilise
atherosclerotic plaques )
2- Antiplatelets:
Aspirin 75 mg/day or
clopidogrel 75 mg/day.
3- Pentoxifylline
Improves red blood cell deformability ,reduces blood viscosity and decreases the potential for platelet aggregation.
4- Cilostazol is an antiplatelet drug and a vasodilator

ملاحظة: الصورة حلوة بس هي مجرد توضيحية للمراجعة ، لا تعتمدون عليها زايد لان بيها اشياء شوية مختلفة عن الموجود بالملزمة.

الطريقة الرابعة حتى نحسب الfluid maintaince والاسهل والاسرع هي:

body weight + 40 = ml / hr

Ex: 70 kg
70 + 40 = 110 ml/h

هم من د عبدالهادي*

mesentric ischemia

Portal Hypertension

Triad of portal hypertension
– Oesophageal varices.
– Splenomegaly.
– Ascites

شلون يجي المريض الي عنده portal HTN ؟
وحدة من 3:
1-jaundice

2-GIT haemorrhage (hematemsis/Melena)

3-ascites عنده

طبعاً اكو غيرهم هم بس ذني الاهم.

Treatmant of acute bleeding

A- Endoscopic:

1. Endoscopic variceal banding (EVB):

It's gold standard and ideal for oesophageal varices
Advantages:
It is technically easier;
chances of rebleeding are less; complications like perforation or stricture are less.

2- endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (EVS):

Sclerotherapy causes intimal injury, submucosal vessel thrombosis, ulceration,
submucosal fibrosis.

3. Endoscopic gluing using

tissue adhesives:
It is commonly used for gastric varices

Risk of equipment damage is high if it spills into the working channel and blocks it


4. Endoscopic thrombin/dilute adrenaline injection into the varices.


B- Balloon Tamponade

It is only a rescue procedure and emergency bridging method for more definitive procedures.

C- Surgical intervention
Its role in acute variceal bleeding is exceedingly limited
الا اذا جربنا كل الطرق الفوك وفشلت ف هنا ماعدنا غير الresection