Summary squeezer ๐Ÿงช
1.97K subscribers
340 photos
3 videos
3 files
243 links
ู‚ู†ุงุฉ ุชู‡ุชู… ุจุฅูŠุตุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ุงู„ู‰ ุทุงู„ุจ ุงู„ู…ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ุทุจูŠ ุจุฃุณู„ูˆุจ ุณู„ุณ ูˆุณู‡ู„


Enjoy medicine๐Ÿซก
Download Telegram
ุงู„ู…ูŠู…ุฒ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูู‚ุฉ ู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุงุช ูƒูˆุฑุณ ุงู„ุจุงูƒุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ๐Ÿ”ฅ
https://t.me/summarysqueezerbacteriology

#summary_squeezer
#Bacteriology
๐Ÿ˜7
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…
ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุฑู‚ู…(122)

ใ€‹ใ€‹ใ€‹Appendicitis

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูŠุง ุฏูƒุงุชุฑุฉ๐Ÿ˜โœ‹ ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุทูŠุจูŠู†โœจ๏ธ
ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุญุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ appendicitis g ุฃูˆ ุงุชู‡ุงุจ ุงู„ุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุฏูŠุฉ

ุทูŠุจ ุงูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู†ุนุฑู brief information about the appendix :-
๐Ÿ”ธ The appendix :-
It is a one ended tube arise from the posteriomedial surface of the cecum
ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุงู‹ ุจุณู…ูˆู‡ุง veriform appendix ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง worm like structure ๐Ÿชฑ

๐Ÿ”ธThe positions:-
ุงู„ุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ุงูˆ ุงู„ position ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุจุฎุชู„ู ู…ู† ุดุฎุต ู„ูŠ ุขุฎุฑ ุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชูƒูˆู†
-retrocecal( ูˆ ุฏุง the most common site)
-subcecal (ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ cecum)
-pelvic (ููŠ ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ูƒุฏุง)

ุทูŠุจ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุญูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู†๐Ÿคฃ
๐Ÿ”ธwhat is the function of the appendix?
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู†ูˆ ุงู„ appendix ู„ุญุฏูŠ ู‡ุณุฉ ุงู„ function ุญู‚ุชู‡ุง ุชุนุชุจุฑ unknown๐Ÿ˜ถ
ูˆ ู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุงุซุจุชุช ุงู†ูˆ ู‡ูŠ the safe house for normal gut flora
ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏุฑุงุณุงุช ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู†ูˆ ู‡ูŠ plays rule in lymphatic and immune system
ุนู„ู‰ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุงู„ุขุฑุงุก ู†ุชูู‚ ุงู†ูˆ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุณุชุญูŠู„ ุชูƒูˆู† useless organ ุงูƒูŠุฏ๐Ÿ‘€โœจ๏ธ

ุทูŠุจ ุจุนุฏุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ุงู„ appendicitis :-
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู‡ูˆ inflammation of the appendix ๐ŸฅตุŒ ูˆู‡ูˆ ู…ุฑุถ ู…ู†ุชุดุฑ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ุจุตูŠุจ 10% ู…ู† ุงู„ population ุŒ
ูˆ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ appendectomy ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ the surgical removal of the appendix ูŠุนุชุจุฑ the most common emerged surgery ๐Ÿ”ช๐Ÿฉน

๐Ÿ”ธThe causes:-
Mainly obstruction of the appendix ุŒ ูˆ ุฏุง ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุตู„ ุจูŠ ุญุงุฌุงุช ูƒุชูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ:
Fecal mass(poop rock)
Undigested seeds
Pinworm infection
Lymphoid follicles hyperplasia

๐Ÿ”ธThe pathophysiology:-
Normally the mucosa inside the appendix ุจุชุทู„ุน mucus
This mucous moist the tissue and prevent the pathogens from entering the bloodstreem
ุทูŠุจ ู„ู…ู† ุงู„ appendix get obstructed
The cells continue producing mucous this lead to accumulation of fluid and mucous inside the appendix ุชู‚ูˆู… ุชุจู‚ู‰ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ูƒุฏุง ๐Ÿ—ฟ

ุงูˆู„ ู…ุง ุชูƒุจุฑ it pushed one of the afferent nerve fibers nearby
ูˆ ุฏุง ุญูŠุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠ sever abdominal pain
ุจุนุฏุงูƒ ุงู„ุถุบุท ุงูˆ ุงู„ pressure ุฌูˆุง ุงู„ุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ ุจุฒูŠุฏ ูˆ ุงู„ normal flora multiplies
ูŠู‚ูˆู… ูŠุญุตู„ activation of the immune system ูˆ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ู„ู…ู† ู†ูุญุต ู„ู„ุจูŠุดู† ู†ู„ู‚ู‰ ุนู†ุฏูˆ leukocytosis(high WBCs count)โ†—๏ธ

๐Ÿ”ธุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุฃุนุฑุงุถ ุงูˆ ุงู„ clinical features:-
- fever
- vomiting
- nausea
- right lower quadrat pain
๐Ÿ›‘ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„pain ููŠ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุดุฏูŠุฏ : ุงู„ุฃู„ู… ุงูˆู„ ุญุงุฌุฉ ู…ุง ุจุธู‡ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ RLQ ุทูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงูˆู„ ุจูŠุธู‡ุฑ around the umbilicus ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุจู‚ู‰ localized ููŠ ุงู„ RLQ ๐Ÿ”˜
ุงู„ุณุจุจ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ innervation ุŒ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุงู„ appendix ุจุชุชุบุฐู‰ ู…ู† ุงู„ 10th thoracic spinal segment ุŒ ูˆ at the same time the skin around the umbilicus supply by 10th thoracic somatic nerve ุŒ ูุฅุฐุง ู‡ู… ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† supply by the same spinal segment.
ูˆุดูƒุฑุง ู„ูŠูƒ ุณูŠุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณ๐Ÿซก

-ุทูŠุจ ุงู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุนุงูˆุฒ ุงุนุฑู ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุฒุงูŠุฏุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ูˆูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ู„ู…ู† ูŠุฌูŠู†ูŠ ุนูŠุงู† ุงุนุฑู ุงุญุฏุฏ ู‡ู„ ุฏุง appendicitis ูˆ ู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ๐Ÿ‘จโ€โš• ุŒ ุทูŠุจ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง MC burny's point ู‡ูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ umbilicus ูˆ ุงู„ anterior superior iliac spine ุจูŠู† ุงู„medial 2 thirds ูˆ ุงู„ one distal third ู‡ู†ุง ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฒุงุฆุฏุฉ๐Ÿ‘

๐Ÿ”ธthe complications:-
ู„ูˆ ุงู„ุถุบุท ุฒุงุฏ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ุงูƒูŠุฏ ุญูŠุนู…ู„ rupture of the appendix and perforation
This perforation can lead to abcess formation , also ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุนู…ู„ peritonitis which apper as abdominal tenderness at MC burney's point ๐Ÿ”˜

๐Ÿ”ธThe treatment :-
ู‹ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุนู„ุงุฌ ุงู„ุฒุงูŠุฏุฉ ู…ุนุฑูˆู appendectomy ุทูˆุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ surgical removal of the appendix ๐Ÿ”ช(ุดุงูŠููƒ ุงุจุชุณุงู…ุชูƒ ูŠุง ุณูŠุฑุฌูˆู†๐Ÿ‘€๐Ÿ˜‚)

ูˆ ุทุจุนุง ู„ูˆ ููŠ abcess ู‡ู†ุนู…ู„ ู„ูŠู‡ุง surgical drainage

ูˆ ุจุณุณุณุณุณุณ ู„ุญุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง๐Ÿฅณ ุŒ ุจุงู„ุชูˆููŠู‚ ูŠุง ุฏูƒุงุชุฑุฉโœจ

ูˆู…ุง ู†ู†ุณู‰ Enjoy medicine ๐Ÿซก

#summary_squeezer
#GIT
https://t.me/summarysqueezer
๐Ÿ”ฅ5โคโ€๐Ÿ”ฅ3๐Ÿ‘1
๐Ÿ”ฅ2๐Ÿ‘1๐Ÿ‘1
ู…ู† ุฃูƒุชุฑ ุงู„ู…ูŠู…ุฒุงุช ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุนูŠุฉ๐Ÿ˜ญ๐Ÿ˜ญ๐Ÿ˜ญ
๐Ÿคฃ18๐Ÿ˜4๐Ÿ˜ข1
ุงู„ููŠุฒุง ุญู‚ุชู†ุง ุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ููŠุฒุง ุญู‚ุชู‡ู…๐Ÿฅฒ
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุดู†ูˆ VISA ููŠ ุงู„ุจุงูƒุชุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠุŸ๐Ÿค”

#summary_squeezer
#Bacteriology
๐Ÿคฃ8
"If you don't think, you won't diagnose"

#summary_squeezer
๐Ÿ’ฏ3๐Ÿ‘2
ูŠุชุจุงุฑูƒ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ูˆุฑุจู†ุง ูŠุชู‚ุจู„ ู…ู†ู†ุง ูˆู…ู†ูƒู… ุตูŠุงู…ูˆ ูˆู‚ูŠุงู…ูˆ ูˆุตุงู„ุญ ุฃุนู…ุงู„ูˆ ูˆูŠุนูŠู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุฎูŠุฑ โœจ

ู‡ูˆูŠ๐Ÿ‘€.. ู…ุง ุชู†ุณูˆู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุนูˆุงุช๐Ÿคฒ
#summary_squeezer
๐Ÿ”ฅ4๐Ÿคฉ3โคโ€๐Ÿ”ฅ1
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…
ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุฑู‚ู…(123)

ใ€‹ใ€‹ใ€‹Malnutrition

๐ŸŒน๐ŸŒน๐ŸŒน ุฃู‡ู„ุง ูˆุณู‡ู„ุงู‹ ุจูƒู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุจุฎูŠุฑ
ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุขุฎุฑ ุฏุฑุณ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ nutrition ๐Ÿฅน(ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุชูƒูˆู†ูˆ ู…ุจุณูˆุทูŠู† ุนุดุงู† ุตุงูŠู…ูŠู† ูˆูƒุฏุง [ุงุชุฎูŠู„ ู†ุฑุณู„ ุตูˆุฑ ุฃูƒู„ ูˆุงู†ุช ุตุงูŠู…๐Ÿ’€])

ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุงุชูƒู„ู…ู†ุง ู„ูŠูƒู… ุนู† ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุชูƒู„ู… ู„ูŠูƒู… ุนู† ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ (malnutrition)

๐Ÿ˜…ุฒูŠ ู…ุงู„ูŠ ูˆู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ ูุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุญ ุชุฌูŠูƒ ุณูˆุก ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ

ูŠู„ุง ู†ุชุนุฑู ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„
1๏ธโƒฃDefinition of Malnutrition (ุชุนุฑูŠู ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)

Malnutrition refers to an imbalance ุนุฏู… ุชูˆุงุฒู†in a personโ€™s intake of nutrients, either due to deficiency or excessูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู†ุช ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู…ุงุจูŠุงุฎุฐ ุชูˆุงุฒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ
ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุฎู„ู„ ู…ุง.ุฒูŠ ุดู†ูˆ
It can result from poor diet ูู‚ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุงุณ ูู‚ุฑุงุก ู…ุงุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ู…ุง ูŠูƒููŠ ู‚ูˆุชู‡ู… ๐Ÿฅบุฃูˆ ู…ุฌุงุนุฉ ุนุงู…ุฉ , digestive issues, or diseases that prevent proper nutrient absorption.
ุจุฑุถูˆ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุชุฃุซูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก ูˆุงู…ุชุตุงุตู‡ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุงู„ุนู…ุฏู‡ ู‚ุฑุญุฉ ู…ุนุฏุฉ ๐Ÿ›ุŒุงูƒูŠุฏ ู…ุง ุญ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุณู„ูŠู… . ุนุงูุงู†ุง ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุฅูŠุงูƒู… ๐Ÿคฒ๐Ÿป

2๏ธโƒฃTypes of Malnutrition (ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠูŠู† ููŠ ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ :๐Ÿ’€ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู‡ูˆ
1. Undernutrition (ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)
ูŠู†ุชุฌ ุนู†ู‡ ู†ู‚ุตุงู† ููŠ ุณุฑูŠุน ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ู…ุฑุถ ุฃูˆุณูˆุก ูู‚ุฑ ุญุงุฏ
Wasting (ุงู„ู‡ุฒุงู„): Rapid weight loss due to severe lack of food or illness.
ุจุฑุถูˆ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ุชู‚ุฐู… ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ู„ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ
Stunting (ุงู„ุชู‚ุฒู…): Short height for age due to chronic malnutrition.
๐Ÿ˜…ู…ุง ุงูŠ ู‚ุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูˆ ุณูˆุก ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ.ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุชู‚ุฐู… ูˆุงุถุญูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูƒูˆู† ู‚ุตูŠุฑ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ู…ู‚ุงุฑู†ุฉ ุจุงู„ุนู…ุฑ๐Ÿฅฒ
Underweight (ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ูˆุฒู†): Low weight relative to age and height.
ุจุฑุถูˆ ู…ุงุชู†ุณูˆ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุจุชู„ุนุจ ุฏูˆุฑ. ูƒูŠู ูŠุนู†ูŠุŸู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูƒู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ vomiting ๐Ÿคฎ๐Ÿ˜ฎโ€๐Ÿ’จู…ุนู†ุง ู…ุง ุญ ูŠุณุชููŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุงูƒู„ ูˆุงูƒูŠุฏ ูˆุฒู†ู‡ ุญ ูŠู‚ู„
Micronutrient Deficiencies (ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ู…ุบุฐูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ): Such as iron deficiency (anemia), vitamin A deficiency, and iodine deficiency.


ู†ุชุนุฑู ุฃูŠุถุงู‹ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ูˆ
2. Overnutrition (ูุฑุท ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)

Overweight and Obesity (ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฒู† ูˆุงู„ุณู…ู†ุฉ): Caused by consuming more calories than the body needs, leading to fat accumulation.
ุฏูŠู„ ูƒู…ุงู† ุนูƒุณ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„
ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุงุจูŠุฃูƒู„ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุฏุฉ ูŠุฃูƒู„ ูˆู…ุง ุจู‚ูŠู ๐Ÿฅด
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชุงูƒู„ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู…ุนุงูƒ ุชุฃูƒู„ ุจุณูŠุท ุจุฑุถูˆ ู…ุงูƒูˆูŠุณ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู†ุญู† ู„ุงุฒู… ู†ุนู…ู„ bulanseโš–๏ธ
Diseases Related to Malnutrition (ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู…ุฑุชุจุทุฉ ุจุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ): Such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart diseases.

---3๏ธโƒฃCauses of Malnutrition (ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)

Lack of sufficient food (ุนุฏู… ุชูˆูุฑ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก ุงู„ูƒุงููŠ) due to poverty, wars, or natural disasters.
ุงู„ู†ุฒุงุนุงุช ูˆุงู„ุญุฑูˆุจ ุณุจุจ ุงุณุงุณูŠ ููŠ ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ
Poor dietary habits (ุงู„ุนุงุฏุงุช ุงู„ุบุฐุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณูŠุฆุฉ) like consuming too much processed or fast food.

Chronic diseases (ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู…ุฒู…ู†ุฉ) that affect nutrient absorption, such as digestive disorders.

Lack of nutrition awareness (ู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุชูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุฆูŠุฉ)
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู„ู‚ู‰ ู†ุงุณ ู…ุงุจุชุนุฑู ุงู„ุงูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ู…ููŠุฏ ูˆุงู„ุตุญูŠ ูˆุงู„ุบูŠุฑ ุตุญูŠ .

Unequal food distribution (ุณูˆุก ุชูˆุฒูŠุน ุงู„ุบุฐุงุก) at the global and local levels.


4๏ธโƒฃ. Effects of Malnutrition (ุขุซุงุฑ ุณูˆุก ุงู„ุชุบุฐูŠุฉ)

Weakened immune system (ุถุนู ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู…ู†ุงุนุฉ), increasing the risk of infections.

Stunted growth and cognitive delays (ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ููŠ ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆ ูˆุงู„ุชุทูˆุฑ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฃุทูุงู„).

Fatigue and muscle weakness (ุถุนู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ูˆู†ู‚ุต ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฅุฑู‡ุงู‚ ุงู„ู…ุณุชู…ุฑ).

Higher risk of chronic diseases (ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ู…ุฎุงุทุฑ ุงู„ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุฃู…ุฑุงุถ ุงู„ู…ุฒู…ู†ุฉ) like diabetes and heart disease.

5๏ธโƒฃ. Prevention and Treatment of Malnutrition (ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุงูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุนู„ุงุฌ)

1. Eating a balanced diet (ุงุชุจุงุน ู†ุธุงู… ุบุฐุงุฆูŠ ู…ุชูˆุงุฒู†) rich in essential nutrients.


2. Nutrition education (ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ูˆุนูŠ ุงู„ุบุฐุงุฆูŠ) through public health programs.


3. Providing food aid (ู…ูƒุงูุญุฉ ุงู„ูู‚ุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฌูˆุน) to those in need.


4. Encouraging breastfeeding (ุฏุนู… ุงู„ุฑุถุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ) for infant nutrition.


5. Using supplements (ุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุงู„ู…ูƒู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ุบุฐุงุฆูŠุฉ) when necessary to address deficiencies.

ูˆุจุณุณุณุณ ูƒุฏุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุง๐Ÿฅณ
ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠูƒู… ุนู„ู‰ ุฎูŠุฑ.. ูˆู…ุง ุชู†ุณูˆุง Enjoy medicine๐Ÿซก

https://t.me/summarysqueezer
#summary_squeezer
#nutrition
๐Ÿ”ฅ5๐Ÿ‘2
ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ูƒุงู† ู‚ุงุฑูŠ neonatology

#summary_squeezer
#summary_squeezer_memes
๐Ÿคฃ14
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…
ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุฑู‚ู…(124)

ใ€‹ใ€‹ใ€‹ Posterior abdominal wall

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡
ุงุฎุจุงุฑูƒู… ุงู† ุดุงุกุงู„ู„ู‡ ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู†ุŒ๐Ÿ˜โœ‹

ูˆุนุดุงู† ู…ุง ู†ุทูˆู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงุฑุญ ุทูˆุงู„ูŠ ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ูˆู†ุณุชู…ุชุน ุจูŠู‡ูˆ โœจ๐Ÿ”ฅ

POSTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL

ุญู†ุนุฑู ููŠู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ุฌุงูŠุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุจุณูŠุท ูˆู…ุฑุชุจ ุญู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ุญู„ูˆูŠู† ๐Ÿ’›
1-Organ.
2-Muscles.
3-Fascia.
4-Blood Vessels.

.......
๐Ÿ”ถ1- ORGAN / ุงู„ุฃุนุถุงุก
ุงู„ุนุถูˆ ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุฏุง ู‡ูˆ๐Ÿ‘€:

๐Ÿ”น ุงู„ูƒู„ู‰ (Kidneys) ุฃูˆ ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠูˆุฉ๐Ÿ˜‚

โ—พ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง ุฌุงู†ุจูŠู† ุงุชู†ูŠู†ุŒ ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ูŠุฏุจุดุจู‡ ุญุจุฉ ุงู„ูุงุตูˆู„ูŠุง (Bean-shaped organs).(ุนุงุฑูู†ูƒ ุฌูŠุนุงู† ูˆุตุงูŠู… ุจุณ ุงุตุจุฑ๐Ÿ˜ถ)

โ—พ ู„ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุจู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฆู„ ู„ู„ุงุญู…ุฑุงุฑ (Reddish-brown in colour).
โ—พ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุจุทู† (Located in the posterior abdomen).
โ—พ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ุตูุงู‚ (ุงู„ุบุดุงุก ุงู„ุจุฑูŠุชูˆู†ูŠ) (Retroperitoneal).
โ—พ ุชู…ุชุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ูู‚ุฑุฉ T12 ุฅู„ู‰ L3 (Extend from T12 to L3). (ุงู„ุญุชุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุญุจูˆ ูŠุฌูŠุจูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฅู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช๐Ÿคซ)
โ—พ ุงู„ูƒู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†ุฎูุถุฉ ุญุจุจุจุฉ ุจุณุจุจ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ ููˆู‚ู‡ุง (Right kidney is slightly lower due to the liver).
โ—พ ูˆุธูŠูุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุชุตููŠุฉ ูˆุฅุฎุฑุงุฌ ุงู„ูุถู„ุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏู… (Main function is to filter and excrete waste products).


---

๐Ÿ”ถ2- MUSCLES / ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช
(ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุฃุฑุจุน ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ู„ู„ุจุทู†)

๐Ÿ”น (Quadratus Lumborum)
โ—พ ุชู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠ ู„ู„ุจุทู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจูŠุฉ (Located laterally in the posterior abdominal wall).
โ—พ ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ุฑุจุงุนูŠ ุงู„ุฃุถู„ุงุน (Quadrilateral in shape).
โ—พ ุฎู„ู ุงู„ุนุถู„ุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุทู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ุจุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู„ูƒู† ุจุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุตูˆุต (Posterior to the psoas major).(ุทุจุนุง ุฃุณุงู…ูŠ ุงู„ุนุถู„ุงุช ุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ู†ูŠุฉ ุจุณ๐Ÿ˜ญูˆุจุฑุถูˆ ุดุงูŠูู†ูƒ ูŠุง ุฌูŠุนุงู†๐Ÿ‘€)
๐Ÿ”น (Psoas Major)
๐Ÿ”น (Psoas Minor)
๐Ÿ”น (Iliacus)


---

๐Ÿ”ถ3- FASCIA/
๐Ÿ”น (Thoracolumbar Fascia)
โ—พ ุชุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ุทุจู‚ุงุช:

ุงู„ุฎู„ููŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ูˆุณุทู‰ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠุฉ (Consists of three layers: posterior, middle, and anterior).
โ—พ ุชุตู„ ู„ูŠู†ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุถู„ุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุนุดุฑ ูˆุงู„ุญุฑู‚ูุฉ(ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ุนุฑูุช ุชู†ุทู‚ู‡ุง ุนุงุฏูŠ๐Ÿฅฒ) ู…ู† ุงู„ุฎู„ู (Extends between the 12th rib and the iliac crest posteriorly).


---

๐Ÿ”ถ4- BLOOD VESSELS / ุงู„ุฃูˆุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ูˆูŠุฉ

๐Ÿ”น ุงู„ุดุฑุงูŠูŠู† (Arteries):
โ—พ (Abdominal Aorta).
โ—พ (Coeliac trunk).
โ—พ (Superior mesenteric artery).
โ—พ (Inferior mesenteric artery).

๐Ÿ”น ุงู„ุฃูˆุฑุฏุฉ (Veins):
โ—พ (Portal Venous System).
โ–ซ๏ธ ุงู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุจุงุจูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‚ุฑูŠู†ุงู‡ูˆ ููŠ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุนุงุก ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู†ุธุงู… (Major vessel is the portal vein).
โ—พ (Systemic Venous System).
โ–ซ๏ธ ุงู„ูˆุฑูŠุฏ ุงู„ุฃุฌูˆู ุงู„ุณูู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุนุงุก ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณูŠ ููŠู‡ (Major vessel is the inferior vena cava).

ุฎู„ุงุต ูƒูุงูŠุฉุŸ๐Ÿค”
ูŠู„ุง ุฃุตู„ุง ูˆุตู„ู†ุง ู„ู„ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุจุญู…ุฏุงู„ู„ู‡ ู†ู„ุงู‚ูŠูƒู… ููŠ ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑุงุช ุฌุงูŠุฉ ุจุฅุฐู† ุงู„ู„ู‡ . ูˆุจุณุณุณ ุณู„ุงุงุงุงู…๐Ÿซกโœจ๏ธ

#summary_squeezer
#Urinary_system
https://t.me/summarysqueezer
๐Ÿ”ฅ6๐Ÿ‘2
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ูƒู„ูˆ ุญูŠุจู‚ู‰ ๐Ÿ˜‚โœจ๏ธ

#summary_squeezer_memes
๐Ÿคฃ9๐Ÿ˜1
https://quizzory.in/id/67c8f3f40b140c0184ada1ed

ุฅุฎุชุจุฑูˆุง ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุงุชูƒู… ูˆุดุงุฑูƒูˆู†ุง ู†ุชุงูŠุฌูƒู…๐Ÿ‘€


#summary_squeezer
#Urinary_system
๐Ÿ‘5
ุฑุงูŠูƒ ุดู†ูˆ ุชุญุถุฑ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุจุงูƒุชูŠุฑูŠูˆู„ูˆุฌูŠ ูˆู…ู†ู‡ุง ุชุณุชููŠุฏ ูˆุชุบูŠุฑ ู†ุธุฑุชูƒ ู„ู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุฏูŠุŸ๐Ÿ‘€โœจ๏ธ

ุฑุงุจุท ุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ๐Ÿ‘‡
https://t.me/summarysqueezerbacteriology?videochat=7c6cab0e49c7dd2b14
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู…
ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ุฑู‚ู…(125)

ใ€‹ใ€‹ใ€‹Anatomy of the Urinary Bladder

ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ ุงุฎุจุงุฑูƒู… ูƒูˆูŠุณูŠู†ุŸ๐Ÿ˜โœ‹

ู…ูˆุถูˆุนู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠู„ุฉ
ุจุงู„ุงู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠ Urinary bladder
ุจุงู„ู„ุงุชูŠู†ูŠ vesical
ุจุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠ ู…ุซุงู†ุฉ ุจูˆู„ูŠุฉ
ุจุงู„ุฏุงุฑุฌูŠ ุชู†ูƒุฑ ๐Ÿ˜‚๐Ÿ˜ญ


โ—ุฃุฑุญ ูƒุฏูŠ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุญุงุตู„ ุดู†ูˆ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุฏูŠ..
- position
- Shape
- Relation
- Blood Supply
- Nerve supply
- Lemohatic
- legaments

๐Ÿ”ถPosition: of the urinary bladder
ู…ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู…ุซุงู†ุฉ ุจุฎุชู„ู ู…ุน ุงู„ุนู…ุฑ ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

๐Ÿ”ธat birth ๐Ÿ‘ถ
ุจูƒูˆู† ุญุฌู… ุงู„ pelvis ุตุบูŠุฑ ุดุฏูŠุฏ ูู…ูˆู‚ุน ุงู„bladder ุจูƒูˆู† abdominal

๐Ÿ”ธ in childhood ๐Ÿง’
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ุจุจุฏุง ูŠูƒุจุฑ ูุฌุฒุก ูƒุจูŠุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุจู†ุฒู„ ู„ู„ุญูˆุถ ูˆุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุจูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุจุทู† ูุญุชูƒูˆู† pelvic abdominal

๐Ÿ”ธin adult๐Ÿง”
ุฎู„ุงุต ุงู„ุฒูˆู„ ูƒุจุฑ ูˆุญุฌู… ุงู„ุญูˆุถ ูƒุจุฑ ูุญุชุณุชู‚ุฑ ุชูƒูˆู† pelvic
ุจุงู„ุถุจุท ููŠ anterior part of pelvis, behind the pubic bones.
ูˆุฏุง ูƒู„ูˆ ุทุจุนุง ูˆู‡ูŠ ูุงุถูŠุฉ

ุทูŠุจ ูˆู„ู…ุง ุชุชู…ู„ูŠ ุญูŠุญุตู„ ุดู†ูˆุŸ
๐Ÿ“it raises upwards & strips the parietal
peritoneum lining the anterior abdominal wall, coming in
contact with fascia transversalis.

ุฃู†ุช ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฏู‚ุดุช ุฃุถุงู†ูƒ ุงู„ููŠุดูŠุง ุฏูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ูƒุฏุง ุŸ
ยป ุฌุฑุจุช ุชู‡ุจุด ุฃุณูู„ ุจุทู†ูƒ ูˆุงู„ู…ุซุงู†ุฉ ู…ู„ูŠุงู†ุฉ ุดุฏูŠุฏุŸ ุญุณูŠุช ุจุงุญุชู‚ุงู† ุŸ

ุทูŠุจ ู†ุฌูŠ ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„
๐Ÿ”ถShape of urinary bladder:
ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุจุชุงุนู‡ุง ุจุฎุชู„ูุŒุจุณ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ุญุณุจ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ูุงุถูŠุฉ ูˆู„ุง ู…ู„ูŠุงู†ุฉ
๐Ÿ”ธ Full bladder is ovoid
๐Ÿ”ธ empty it is a pyramidal in shape
ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฑู…ูŠ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฑู… ู…ู‚ู„ูˆุจ


๐Ÿ”ถSize:
๐Ÿ”ธ a mean capacity 300 ml
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูƒูˆู† ุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ุจูŠุถุงูˆูŠ ูˆุฃูƒุชุฑ ุดูŠ ุจุชุดูŠู„ ูฃู ู  ู…ู„

๐Ÿ”ธ ู„ูƒู† ู…ุฑุงุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู†ูƒ ุชู‚ูˆูŠ ุฑุงุณูƒ ูˆุชู‚ูˆู„ ูƒุฏูŠ ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุงุชู… ุฏูŠ ูˆุฃู…ุดูŠ ุฃูุถูŠ ุงู„ุชู†ูƒุฑ ุฏุง ุจุชู„ู‚ุงู‡ุง ูˆุตู„ุช 500 ml ูˆุงู†ุช ู‚ุงูŠู„ ุฑูˆุญูƒ ุฑู‡ูŠุจ ูˆุนู†ุฏูƒ ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ุชุญู…ู„๐Ÿ˜‚ ุŒู„ูƒู† ุญุชุฏูุน ุงู„ุชู…ู† ุบุงู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุชุณุจุจ ุฃู„ู… pain.
ูˆู…ุฑุงุช ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆ ุงู„ุญุฑูƒุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฒู…ู† ุญุชุฎู„ูŠูƒ ุชุงู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุชุญูƒู… ููŠ ุงู„ุจูˆู„๐Ÿคซ๐Ÿƒ

๐Ÿ”ถ Bladder has: ูุนู‘ูู„ ูˆุถุนูŠุฉ (ุญุฌุฉ ูˆุตู‘ูŽุงูุฉ)
ูˆุฃุนู…ู„ ูŠุฏูƒ ุฒูŠ ู…ู†ู‚ุงุฑ ุงู„ุฏุฌุงุฌุฉ ูƒุฏุง ๐Ÿ” ุนุดุงู† ุชูู‡ู… ู…ุนุงูŠ

โžข 4 angles: ุฑุคูˆุณ ุญุงุฏุฉ
ูˆูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ ุจุญุงุฌุฉ
๐Ÿ”ธ anterior angle ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ apex ุฏูŠ ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ ุจ legament ูŠุณู…ู‰ median umbilical legament

โ—ุชุชุฐูƒุฑ ุฒู…ุงู† ุฒู…ุงุงู† ููŠ ุงู„ embryo ุŸุŸ
ู…ุง ุจุชุชุฐูƒุฑ ูˆู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุนุงุฑููƒ ูŠุงุฎ๐Ÿคฆ ุฎู„ุงุต ุชุนุงู„ ุงูˆุฑูŠูƒุŒ ุจุณ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุฏูŠ ุฑูƒุฒ ุจุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนุดุงู† ุชุงู†ูŠ ู„ู…ู† ุงู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠูƒ ุชุชุฐุฐุฐูƒูƒูƒูƒุฑุฑุฑุฑุŸุŸุŸุŸ!!๐Ÿ™‚ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุดููุช ูˆุนุงุฑู๐Ÿ˜Ž๐Ÿ”ฅ
ุงู„ุญุชุฉ ุฏูŠ ุณุคุงู„ ุงู…ุชุญุงู†..ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุงุงุงู„ูƒูƒูƒ
ยป ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ bladder ู…ุชุตู„ุฉ ู…ุน ุงู„ umbilicus ุจุชุฑูƒูŠุจ ุงุณู…ู‡ urachus ู„ุงู†ูˆ ูƒู„ ุดูŠ ุทุงู„ุน ุงูˆ ุฏุงุฎู„ ูƒุงู† ุจุชู… ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุณูุฑุฉุŒ ูŠู„ุง ู‚ุจู„ ูˆู„ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฌู†ูŠู† ุจูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ urachus ุฏุง ุจุญุตู„ ู„ูŠู‡ูˆ fibrosis and obliteration ูˆุจุจู‚ู‰ legament ุจูˆุตู„ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ anterior angle of Z bladder and the back of umbilicus.

๐Ÿ”ธinferior angle or neck ..ูˆุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุฏูŠ ุจุชุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ urethra

๐Ÿ”ธ 2 postero- superior angles.ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠู† ุจูŠ ูˆุฑุง ูˆู„ููˆู‚
ูˆุจุฌูŠ ุฎุงุดูŠ ููŠู‡ู… ุงู„ 2 ureters

โžข 4 surfaces:
๐Ÿ”ธ superior surface ุฏูŠ ุจุนุงูŠู† ู„ููˆู‚ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุญุชุฉ ุงู„ููˆู‚ ู…ู† ู…ู†ู‚ุงุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฏุงุฏุฉ ๐Ÿ”ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุชูˆ ุจูŠุฏูƒ
๐Ÿ”ธ posterior surface or base & ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุฏุง ุญูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุธู‡ุฑ ูŠุฏูƒ
๐Ÿ”ธ2 infero-lateral surfaces. ๐Ÿ’ชุฏูŠู„ ู…ุง ูŠุฌู‡ุฌู‡ูˆูƒ ู…ุนุงูŠู†ุงุช ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุจู‚ูˆูˆ inferio
ูˆุนุดุงู† ุจุนูŠุฏุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ medial line ุจู‚ูˆ lateral
ุนุฑูุช ู„ุดู†ูˆ inferio-laterl ุŸ


To be continued later...๐Ÿค—โค๏ธ
my regard โค๏ธโœจ
ููŠ ุฑุนุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุญูุธู‡๐Ÿซกโœจ๏ธ

#Urinary_system
#summary_squeezer
https://t.me/summarysqueezer
๐Ÿ”ฅ4
ุงู„ู„ู‡ู… ู„ูƒ ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ ุญุชู‰ ุชุฑุถู‰ โœจ๏ธ๐Ÿ‡ธ๐Ÿ‡ฉ
๐ŸŽ‰5๐Ÿคฉ2