from the tissues of plant by different phytochemical procedures like solvent, steam, and supercritical extraction.

In vitro : Plant cell and tissue cultures can be established routinely under sterile conditions from explants, such as plant leaves, stems, roots, meristems

Shoot, root, callus, cell suspension, and hairy root culture are used to synthesize metabolite of interest.

The most important building blocks used in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites are derived from

The shikimate biosynthesis pathway provides precursors for aromatic molecules in bacteria, fungi, and plants

This biochemical pathway is a major link between primary and secondary metabolism in higher plants

The shikimate pathway produces
( aromatic amino acids)
L-phenylalanine , L- tyrosine , and L-tryptophan , molecular building blocks for protein biosynthesis.

in plants, these aromatic amino acids are only crucial components of protein biosynthesis

serve as precursors for diverse secondary metabolites that are important for _____

The principal aromatic phenolic compounds synthesized from L-Phe and L- Tyr are cinnamic acids and esters, coumarins, phenylpropenes, chromones (C6-C3), stilbenes,etc

____is a precursor of alkaloids in the secondary metabolism.

Through Shikimic acid pathway a series of phosphorylated intermediate yield chorismic acid

chorismic acid which is an important branch –point intermediate .