ranging from unstable angina to myocardial infarction that is caused by acute plaque disruption.

The acute coronary syndromes :caused by atherosclerotic or vasospastic obstruction of the coronary arteries.

Heart Failure
It means, failure of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the metabolic needs of the body

The efficiency of the heart as a pump is determined by the amount of blood that it ejects each minute

Cardiac output is determined by

Causes of heart failure:

Edema
Also known as fluid retention, or swelling, is the build up of fluid in the body’s tissue

Edema
Most commonly, the legs or arms are affected.

pitting" when, after pressure is applied to a small area, the indentation persists after the release of the pressure.

Peripheral pitting edema, is the more common type, resulting from water retention.

Non-pitting edema is observed when the indentation________.

An aneurysm is an ____ bulging, likened to a bubble or balloon, caused by a localized, abnormal, weak spot on a blood vessel wall.

lethal examples include aneurysms of the Circle of Willis in the brain, aortic aneurysms affecting the thoracic aorta, and abdominal aortic aneurysms.

A ________ is one that involves all three layers of the wall of an artery

false aneurysm, or pseudoaneurysm, is a collection of blood that forms between the two outer layers of an artery, the tunica media and adventitia

Aneurysms can also be

berry" aneurysms, are spherical in shape and involve only a portion of the vessel wall; they usually range from 5 to 20 cm (2.0 to 7.9 in) in diameter, and are often filled, either partially or fully,

saccular :spindle-shaped" aneurysms) are variable in both their diameter and length; their diameters can extend up to 20 cm (7.9 in).

aneurysms can also be classified by their location: • Arterial and venous, with _____ being more common

The most common locations include arteries in the abdomen, thigh, neck, and arm. A mycotic aneurysm can result in sepsis

Less than 3% of abdominal aortic aneurysms are mycotic aneurysms.