species of Plasmodium cause malaria

species of Plasmodium cause malaria in humans:

two most common species are P vivax and P falciparum

Vivax being the most pathogenic

Plasmodium vivax :___ of total malarial cases in Iraq.

rapidly (usually within 1 hour) enter parenchymal cells of the liver

merozoites, rupture and leave the liver cells, enter the bloodstream, and invade erythrocytes

The merozoites do not return from red blood cells to liver cells.

with successive broods of merozoites appearing at 48 - hour intervals (P vivax, P falciparum and P ovale ) or every 72 hours ( P malariae ).

During the erythrocytic cycles , certain
merozoites enter red cells and become

Sporogony:The gametocytes, male (macroogametocytes) and female ( microgametocytes ),

mature sexual forms are capable of further development and rest die

___microgametes are formed by the process called exflagellation

The macrogametocyte does not show exflagellation , it develops into a macrogamete .

Fertilization : occur when the microgametes penetrate the macrogametes generating zygotes

The zygotes in turn
become motile and elongated ( ookinetes ).

may persist as dormant forms, or hypnozoites

Resurgence of an erythrocytic infection (relapse) occurs when merozoites from hypnozoites in the liver break out

P vivax
infections lasting 40 years have been reported

Signs and symptoms are due to erythrocytic infection, not due to the Exo erythrocytic