colorful separation of plant pigments was done using a column of potassium carbonate(chalk)

CHROMATOGRAPHY Technique used to separate and identify the
components of a mixture

Molecules that spend most of their time in the mobile phase are carried along

solvent that flows through the supporting medium

supporting medium: a liquid surface on which the stationary phase is bound or coated

Adsorbtion: Interaction of solute molecules with the surface of the mobile phase

Elution: Motion of the mobile phase through the
stationary phase

Resolution: Degree of separation of different solutes

can be improved by using

Rf = retardation factor. The Rf value has to be between 0 and 3

Adsorption chromatography
Partition chromatography
Ion exchange chromatography Molecular exclusion chromatography

Column chromatography
TLC
Paper chromatography On the basis of chromatographic bed shape

ADSORPTION CHROMATOGRAPHY
Principle of separation: utilizes a mobile liquid or
gaseous phase

adsorbent filled in a tube (column) in ADSORPTION CHROMATOGRAPHY

retard some components of sample more as compared to others.

Stationary phase is held in a narrow tube in column

mobile phase in COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY
is forced under

The factor governing separation of mixtures of solutes on filter paper is the partition between two miscible phases.
ديربالك 🌚🧡

water adsorbed on cellulose fibres in the paper (Mobile phase).

(TLC)
involves a stationary phase of a thin layer of adsorbent like

Detection under UV light is second choice - non destructive