Continuous hot extraction methods

This method is usually used for hard plant material like barks, stems and roots which contain a lot of
fibers

in Decoction method the solvent used depend on the active constituent and source of heat e.g. chloroform and ether can be
used

method is used in cases were moderately elevated temperature is required.

Advantages of soxhlation
.

In this method we use a special apparatus which is called Clevenger

a

the isolation of caffeine from tea or for the purification of materials present in a crude extrac Done by

An example of............... mixture of alkaloid salts in aqueous solution,

a mixture of alkaloid salts in aqueous solution, when treated with alkali,
will give first the greater base in the free state

In this method we use a special apparatus which is called Clevenger

in solvent extraction the aim of transferring one or more of the solutes from the solution to the second solvent.

types of Hydro distillation for isolating essential oils from plant materials:

TYPES OF CLEVENGER TRAPS:

Semipolar solvent

non-polar solvent