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The 5th Stage of Pharmacy College -
Al-Esraa University ๐Ÿ’Š
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Treatment ๐Ÿ’‰

ูŠู†ุญูุธ ู…ุน ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ูˆ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุนูŠู†ูŠ

Penicillin
500mg
2 to 3 times daily for 10 days

ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌุฑุนุฉ ูฅู ู  ูˆ ู…ู† ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ุฅู„ู‰ ูฃ ู…ุฑุงุช ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูกู  ุงูŠุงู… ุชู…ุงู…!!

ุงูƒูˆ ุจุฏูŠู„ ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุณูŠูุงู„ูˆุณุจูˆุฑูŠู† ู†ูƒุฏุฑ ู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ ููŠ ุญุงู„ู‡ ุงู„ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ุนุงุฆู„ูŠ ู…ุงุนุฏู‡ู… ุญุณุงุณูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุจุณ ู†ู†ุชุจู‡ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู†ูˆ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠูƒูˆู† first generation ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠู„ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„


ุนุฏู†ุง ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงูƒุฑูˆู„ูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ( ุงุฑูŠุซุฑูˆู…ุงูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ูƒู„ุงุฑูŠุซุฑูˆู…ูŠุณูŠู† ูˆ ุงุฒุซุฑูˆู…ุงูŠุณูŠู† )
ูˆ ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠู†ูƒูˆุณุงู…ูŠุฏุงุช ุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ( ูƒู„ูŠู†ุฏุงู…ุงูŠุณูŠู†)


ู‡ุงูŠ ุชุนุชุจุฑ ุงุฏูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุถุฏ ุนุฏูˆู‰
Group A strepto (GAS) ู…ูˆ ุนุจุงู„ูƒู… ุงู„ุบุงุฒุงุช ๐Ÿ˜‚

ุญูุธูˆ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ู…ู‡ู… ุงู†ูŠ ุงุดูˆูู‡ ูˆุฑุงุญ ูŠุฌูŠ ๐Ÿ˜


ุชู…ุงู… ู†ูƒู…ู„ โ€ผ
ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Antimicrobial

1- fluoroquinolones
2- tetracycline
3- Linezolid
4- vancomaycin


ุงู„ fluoroquinolones ุจูŠ ู†ูˆุนูŠู† levofloxacin ูˆ moxifloxacin

2-
๐Ÿ”ธ๏ธTetracycline
250mg_500mg
4 ู…ุฑุงุช ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู…
๐Ÿ”ธ๏ธ doxycycline
100mg
ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู…

ุงู„ู†ูˆุนูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุนุทุงุกู‡ุง ุญู‚ู† ุงูˆ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ูู…
ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูฅ ุฅู„ู‰ ูกู  ุงูŠุงู… ุญุณุจ ุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ

3- Linezolid
600mg
ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู…
ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ูฅ ุฅู„ู‰ ูกู  ุงูŠุงู… ุญุณุจ ุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุถ


4- vancomaycin
ุฌุฑุนุฉ ูฃู ู…ุบ/ ู„ูƒู„ ูƒูŠู„ูˆ / ู…ุฑุชูŠู† ุจุงู„ูŠูˆู…
ุญุชู‰ ูŠุชู… ุงู„ุญุตูˆู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู„ุงุฌ ูู…ูˆูŠ ุงุฎุฑ

ุงุฑูŠุฏูƒ ุชู†ุชุจู‡ ุงู†ูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุงูŠ ุจุงุฌุฑ
ู„ูŠุด ุŸ ู„ุงู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆุญูŠุฏ ุนู† ุทุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุญู‚ู† ูู‚ุท !!


ุงุฐุง ุนุฏูƒู… ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุชุญุชุงุฌูˆู† ุชูˆุถูŠุญ ูƒุชุจูˆ ุจุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช

ูู‚ุท ู„ุฃุตุญุงุจ ุงู„ู‚ู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุงุชุนุฑู ุงู„ู†ูˆู… ๐Ÿ’‰๐Ÿšซ
๐Ÿ‘1
ุดู„ูˆู†ูƒู… ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿงก
ุงู†ุดุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ูƒู„ ู…ุฌุงูˆุจูŠู† ๐Ÿงก
ุดุจุงุจู†ู‡ ุชุฑู‡ ู„ุง ุชุฎุงููˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุก ุชุฑู‡ ุงู†ูŠ ุฌุงูŠูƒู… ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„๐Ÿงก๐Ÿ˜‚ ูˆุดุงูŠู ุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุก
ุงู†ูŠ ู‡ู…
ุนุจุงู„ูŠ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุงุฏู‡ ุฌุฏูŠุฏู‡ ูˆุตุนุจู‡
ุจุณ ู…ู† ุชุฑุฌู…ุชู‡ุง ูˆู‚ุฑูŠุชู‡ุง ุฌุงู†ุช ูƒู„ุด ุณู‡ู„ู‡ ูˆุฎู„ุตุช ู…ู„ุฒู…ุชูŠู† ุจูŠูˆู… ูˆุงุญุฏ
ูˆุงู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู† MCQ ูˆุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ูˆุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู‡ู… ูƒู„ุด ุณู‡ู„ู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุทู…ุฆู†ูˆุง ๐Ÿงก๐ŸŒš
ุดุจุงุจ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุงุฎุจุงุฑ ุญูˆู„ ูƒูˆุฑูˆู†ุง ูˆุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู†ูˆ ูŠุฑุฌุน ุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู… ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ ุจูุชุฑู‡ ู…ู† ูุชุฑุงุช ู‡ุงูŠ ุงู„ุณู†ู‡ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ โ€ฆ
ู…ู†ูˆ ุฌุงู† ุงุญุณู† ู…ู† ูˆุฌู‡ู‡
ู†ุธุฑูƒู… ูˆุดู†ูˆ ุงู„ุณุจุจ
Anonymous Poll
32%
ุงู„ุงู„ูƒุชุฑูˆู†ูŠ
57%
ุงู„ุญุธูˆุฑูŠ
17%
ู†ูุณ ุงู„ุดูŠ ๐ŸŒš
martins_physical_pharmacy_6th_ed_2011_dr_murtadha_alshareifi_compressed.pdf
31.2 MB
ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ physical pharmacy ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿงก
TapScanner ู ูก-ูกูข-ูขู ูขูก-ู ู ๊ž‰ูกู .pdf
409.4 KB
ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ูˆู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ๐ŸŒš๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ”ฅ
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ู„ู ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ูƒู„ู‡ุง+ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„+ ูˆุญุฏุงุช ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„+ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู…ุตุทู„ุญุงุช
ุงูŠ ุณูˆุงู„ ุนู† ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ุนุฏูƒู… ุณุฃู„ูˆุง ุจุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ๐ŸŒš
ู†ุณูˆูŠ ูƒู„ู‡ู† ุนู„ ู‡ู„ ู†ู…ุท ู„ูˆ ู…ุง ูŠุญุชุงุฌ
๐Ÿ†Žุงู‡ู… ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ๐ŸŒš๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ”ฅ
โญ•๏ธKind energy ( mechanical.chemical.electric
๐Ÿ…ฑ_open system ( exchange energy and matter
Close system (exchange energy but not exchange material
Isolated system (no exchange energy and matter
๐Ÿ†Ž_conserving energy (can be transformed from one kind into to another but not created and destroy
๐Ÿ…พwork done (by) system mean negative
Work done (on) system mean positive
๐Ÿ†˜_isobraic is processe kept constant
๐Ÿ›‘-Q exothermic(released)
+Qendothermic(absorption)
โ›”๏ธ isothermal open or closed system
Adibaric isolated system only
๐Ÿ†‘heat flow out Q(-ve)
๐Ÿ†‘ heat flow on Q(+ve)
๐Ÿ…พ work and heat appears only boundaries

๐Ÿ“›Heat (Q) is a transfer of energy resulting from a temperature
difference between the system and the surroundings,
๐ŸšซWork (W) is a transfer of energy that can be used to change the
height of a weight somewhere in the surroundings,
______________________________
surroundings:ู…ุญูŠุท
boundaries ุญุฏูˆุฏ
Converse energy: ุญูุธ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ
Studyยฎ
๐Ÿ†Žุงู‡ู… ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ๐ŸŒš๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ”ฅ โญ•๏ธKind energy ( mechanical.chemical.electric ๐Ÿ…ฑ_open system ( exchange energy and matter Close system (exchange energy but not exchange material Isolated system (no exchange energy and matter ๐Ÿ†Ž_conserving energy (can be transformedโ€ฆ
๐Ÿ‰ุงู„ู…ู„ู ูˆุงู„ู…ู†ุดูˆุฑ ูŠุบู†ูŠูƒู… ุนู† ู‚ุฑุงุกุฉ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ูƒู„ุดูŠ ูˆุงุถุญ ูƒุฏุงู…ูƒู… ู…ุชุทุฑู‚ ู„ูƒู„ุดูŠ

๐Ÿ›‘++ุงุฐุง ุชุฑุฏูˆู† ู†ุณูˆูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุฒู… ู‡ูŠุฌ ุญูุธูŠุงุช ูˆุญุฏ+ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ูˆุญุฏ ุงุฐุง ุญุจูŠุชูˆุง ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ
๐Ÿ›‘ุทู„ุงุจ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ุงู„ูŠ ุฏุงุฎู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ุง ูู‚ุท ุงู„ู…ุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠุฉ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ู…ุจุงุดุฑ ุงู„ูŠ ุดุงู ุงู„ู…ู„ู ุงู„ููˆูƒ ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠุญู„ู‡ุฉ

โ—๏ธโ—๏ธุจุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุบูŠุฑ ุฏุงุฎู„ุฉ ู„ุฃู† ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู…ุง ู…ุงุฎุฐูŠู‡ุง
ุงู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ุตุงุฑ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนุฏูƒู…ุŸุŸ๐ŸŒš
๐Ÿ…พู„ู‡ู†ุง ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 4 ูƒู„ุดูŠ ูƒู…ู„ ุนุฏูƒู… (ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู†+ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช+ุฎุทูˆุงุช ุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„+ู…ุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ุฒู…ู‡+ุญูุธูŠุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุฒู…ู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง)

๐Ÿ›‘ุงูŠ ุดุฎุต ุนู†ุฏุฉ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠุณุฃู„ ุจุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช++ุงุงุฐุง ุชูˆุงุฌู‡ูˆู† ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู‚ูˆุงู†ูŠู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุงุดุฑุญู‡ุง ููŠุฏูŠูˆ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ”ฅ
ู‡ุงูŠ ู…ู„ุงุฒู… ุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุก ุงู„ู†ุธุฑูŠ
ุจุณ ุจูˆุฑู‚ ุงู‚ู„
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง ุจูƒู„ ูˆุฑู‚ู‡ ุณู„ุงูŠุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ
ุตุงุฑุช ูฃ ุณู„ุงูŠุฏุงุช ุจูˆุฑู‚ู‡ ูˆุญุฏู‡
ู‡ู… ุชู‚ู„ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ุงู„ูˆุฑู‚ ๐Ÿ™๐Ÿป๐Ÿงก๐ŸŒš
๐Ÿ‘1
ุทู„ุงุจ ุฌุงูŠุจู„ูƒู… ุจุดุงุฑู‡ ูุฏุดูŠ ๐Ÿงก๐ŸŒš
ุชูˆู†ูŠ ุญุงุฌูŠุช ุงู„ู…ู…ุซู„ูŠู† ู…ุตุทูู‰ ูˆุนู„ูŠ ู‚ูŠุณ
ุนู„ู…ูˆุฏ ุงู†ูˆ ุงุณุฆู„ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡ ู„ูˆ ู„ุง
ูุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ูƒุงูŠู„ู„ู‡ู… ู…ุง ุฏุงุฎู„ู‡
ุงู„ุฏุงุฎู„ ุจุณ ุงู„ุดุฑุญู‡ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุธุฑู‡
๐Ÿงก๐Ÿงก๐Ÿงก๐ŸŒš
Forwarded from I.U.C-Pharmacists 5th Stage โš•๏ธ๐Ÿ› (MUSTAFA ASAAD ๐Ÿ’œ)
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุดุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ูƒู… ๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ’œ

ุจุฎุตูˆุต ุงู„ููŠุฒูŠุงุก ๐Ÿ–ค
ุชุจู„ูŠุบ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ู„ุง ุชู‚ุฑูˆู† ุงูŠ ู…ุตุฏุฑ
ุงุนุชู…ุฏูˆุง ุน ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุฒู… ุจุดูƒู„ ูƒูู„ูŠ ๐Ÿ’œ
ูˆุฑูƒุฒูˆ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุงุดูŠุงุก ุงู„ูŠ ุดุฑุญู‡ุฉ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ ุจุงู„ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ ๐ŸคŽ

ูŠูˆูู‚ูƒู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุญุจุงูŠุจ ๐Ÿ–ค
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ุชูˆุถูŠุญุงุช ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 3 ููŠุฒูŠุงูˆูŠุฉ ู†ุธุฑูŠ
โ›”๏ธุญูุธูŠุงุช ู„ูƒุฌุฑ 3
๐Ÿ›‘Gibs phase rule
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๐Ÿ…ฐPhase is a homogenous physically distinct portion of a system that can be separated from other portions by a bounding surface.
๐Ÿ…ฑThe number of degrees of freedom is the least number of intensive variables that must be known to describe the system completely
๐Ÿ…ฐIntensive variables are variables that donโ€™t depend on quantity of the system, ex: pressure, temperature, concentration and density.
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โ›”๏ธOne phase system
Condensed systems: are systems in which only liquid and/or solid phases are considered and the vapor phase is ignored and the pressure become a fixed variable.
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๐Ÿ…พTwo phases system contains two liquid
Upper consolute temperature: is the
imaximum temperature at which the two phase region exists, above this temperature the two liquids are completely miscible and result in formation of one liquid phase system.
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Two components contains liquid and solid
๐Ÿ…ฐ The eutectic point: is the lowest
temperature at which a liquid phase can exit
๐Ÿ…ฑ Note: The solid phase consist of pure crystalline components exist together with the liquid (two phases).
๐Ÿ†ŽNote:The two components A and B are found together as:
๏‚— Completely miscible in liquid state (one phase).
๏‚— Completely immiscible in solid state (two phases)
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Three components system
๐Ÿ…ฐ๏ƒ˜ In condensed system with
fixed pressure and temperature,
then, F = 3 - 1= 2
๐Ÿ…ฑ๏ƒ˜ In non-condensed system, three component systems containing
one phase, F = 3 - 1 + 2 = 4
๐Ÿ†Žfour degrees of freedom are pressure, temperature, and the
concentrations of only two components of the three
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Thermal analysis
๐Ÿ…ฐthermal analysis is used to characterize the alterations in substances properties when subjected to heating or cooling process.
๐Ÿ…ฑThe most common methods of thermal analysis are:
๏‚— Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)
๏‚— Differential thermal analysis (DTA)
๏‚— Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA)
๏‚— Thermo-mechanical analysis (TMA)
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#ูˆุณู„ุงู…ุชูƒู…๐ŸŒš๐Ÿ”ฅ
ุงูŠ ุดุฎุต ุนู†ุฏุฉ ุณูˆุงู„ ุนู„ ุฃูŠ ู„ูƒุฌุฑ ูŠูƒุฏุฑ ูŠุณุฃู„ ุจุงู„ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช
๐Ÿ‘1